Radio Freedom

For other uses, see Radio Freedom (disambiguation).

Radio Freedom was the radio propaganda arm of the African National Congress during the anti-Apartheid struggle from the 1970s through the 1990s. It was the oldest liberation radio station in Africa.^[1] While the broadcasts were from different radio stations (including those of Tanzania, Zambia, Angola, Ethiopia, and Madagascar^[2]), their station identifications all sported the trademark introduction familiar to many from the KLF song "3 a.m. Eternal": machine-gun fire, followed by a variation of

This is Radio Freedom, the voice of the African National Congress and its military wing Umkhonto we Sizwe...

Winnie Mandela^[3] and several people featured in Amandla!: A Revolution in Four-Part Harmony credit Radio Freedom as a significant comforting, rallying, and organizing factor in the fight against Apartheid.

Listening to Radio Freedom in Apartheid-era South Africa was a crime carrying a penalty of up to eight years in prison.

References

↑ Mosia, Lebona; Riddle, Charles; Zaffiro, Jim (1994). "From Revolutionary to Regime Radio: Three Decades of Nationalist Broadcasting in Southern Africa" (PDF). Africa Media Review (African Council for Communication Education) 8 (1).
↑ "Southern African Clandestines of the 1970s". Retrieved 2006-10-11.
↑ Winnie Madikizela-Mandela. "Zambia: Midwife of Our Freedom, Says Winni". Retrieved 2006-10-11.

External links

African National Congress

History

Leaders

Secretary-General	1912–1915 S. T. Plaatje 1915–1917 R. V. S. Thema 1917–1919 S. Msane 1919–1923 H.L. Bud-M'belle 1923–1927 T. D. Mweli-Skota 1927–1930 E. J. Khaile 1930–1936 E. Mdolomba 1936–1949 James Calata 1949–1955 W. M. U. Sisulu 1955–1958 O. R. Tambo 1958–1969 P. P. D. Nokwe 1969–1991 A. B. Nzo 1991–1997 M. C. Ramaphosa 1997–2007 K. Motlanthe 2007–present G. Mantashe

President	1912–1917 J. L. Dube 1917–1924 S. M. Makgatho 1924–1927 Z. R. Mahabane 1927–1930 J. T. Gumede 1930–1936 P. ka Isaka Seme 1937–1940 Z. R. Mahabane 1940–1949 A. B. Xuma 1949–1952 J. S. Moroka 1952–1967 A. J. Lutuli 1967–1991 O. R. Tambo 1991–1997 N. R. Mandela 1997–2007 T. M. Mbeki 2007–present J. G. Zuma

Deputy President	1952–1958 N. R. Mandela 1958–1985 O. R. Tambo 1985–1991 N. R. Mandela 1991–1994 W. M. U. Sisulu 1994–1997 T. M. Mbeki 1997–2007 J. G. Zuma 2007–2012 K. Motlanthe 2012-present M. C. Ramaphosa

National Conferences

38th (1949)
39th (1950)
40th (1951)
41st (1952)
42nd (1953)
43rd (1954)
44th (1955)
45th (1957)
46th (1958)
47th (1959)
48th (1991)
49th (1994)
50th (1997)
51st (2002)
52nd (2007)
53rd (2012)

Structure and wings

Allied organizations

Category

Politics of South Africa

By province

Political
movements

Ideologies	African nationalism Afrikaner nationalism Anarchism Anti-war Black consciousness Environmentalism Federalism Liberalism Libertarianism Pan-Africanism Trotskyism

Political parties	see South Africa political parties

Other political organisations	AfriForum Afrikanerbond Boerestaat Party CONTRALESA COSAS DLF DSM Earthlife Africa Keep Left Khanya College Koeberg Alert LGEP Occupy Oranjewerkers Orde Boerevolk PAVN SALSA SASCO South African Wine Initiative VAB WIVL ZACF

Trade unions and
Social movements

see South Africa trade unions

Law

see South African law

Terrorism

AWB
Boeremag

Political culture

Slogans	"Amandla Ngawethu!" "No Land! No House! No Vote!"

Books and periodicals	African Communist Amandla ANC Today Biko I Write What I Like Long Walk to Freedom Molotov Cocktail No Land! No House! No Vote!

Other

Category

Political history of South Africa

Defunct polities

Kingdom of Mapungubwe (c. 1075–c. 1220)
Dutch Cape Colony (1652–1806)
Mthethwa Paramountcy (c. 1780–1817)
Ndwandwe Kingdom (c. 1780–1819)
Cape Colony (1795–1910)
Zulu Kingdom (1816–97)
Natalia Republic (1839–43)
Natal Colony (1843–1910)
Orange Free State (1854–1902)
South African Republic (1856–1902)
Griqualand East (1861–79)
Griqualand West (1870–73)
Goshen (1882–83)
Stellaland (1882–85)
Nieuwe Republiek (1884–88)
Upingtonia (1885–87)
Klein Vrystaat (1886–91)
Orange River Colony (1902–10)
Transvaal Colony (1902–10)
Union of South Africa (1910–61)
Transkei (1976–94)
Bophuthatswana (1977–94)
Venda (1979–94)
Ciskei (1981–94)

Events

1652–1815	Dutch settlement French Huguenot settlement Khoikhoi–Dutch Wars Xhosa Wars Battle of Muizenberg Battle of Blaauwberg Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814

1815–1910	Mfecane 1820 Settlers Great Trek Boer Republics Mineral Revolution Witwatersrand Gold Rush South African Wars South Africa Act 1909

1910–1948	Maritz Rebellion Rand Rebellion Great Depression 1946 African Mine Workers' Union strike Bantustans

Apartheid era	1948 general election Apartheid legislation Internal resistance Coloured-vote constitutional crisis Defiance Campaign Congress of the People Freedom Charter Women's March 1956 1957 Alexandra bus boycott Sharpeville massacre 1960 republic referendum International isolation Academic boycott Disinvestment Sporting boycott Rivonia Trial Tar Baby Option Durban Moment Border War Israeli alliance Israel–South Africa Agreement Soweto Uprising Weapons of mass destruction Project Coast Constructive engagement Church Street bombing 1983 constitutional reform referendum Rubicon speech Third Force CODESA 1992 apartheid referendum Saint James Church massacre Bophuthatswana conflict Shell House massacre

Post-apartheid	1994 general election Government of National Unity Reconstruction and Development Programme Truth and Reconciliation Commission Arms Deal African Renaissance Xenophobia Marikana massacre 2012 Western Cape farm workers' strike Nkandlagate 2014 platinum strike #RhodesMustFall protests #FeesMustFall student protests

Political culture

Defunct
organisations

Civic and political organisations	Afrikaner Bond Afrikaner Broederbond Afrikaner Party AITUP APO AVF BPC Black Sash CDA CTEG COD Congress Alliance COSG CP Dominion Party DP (1973–1977) DP (1989–2000) DPP ECC FA FD Genootskap van Regte Afrikaners GNP Het Volk HNP ID IP ISL Jeugkrag Johannesburg Reform Committee Labour Party (1910–1958) Labour Party (1969–1994) Liberal Party NA NCP NIC NLP NNP NP NPP NRP NUSAS PFP Progressive Party (Cape Colony) Progressive Party PRP Radio Freedom Reform Party SABP SADECO SAIC SASO SAYCO SAYRCO South African Party (Cape Colony) South African Party (1911–1934) South African Party (1977–1980) TNIP Torch Commando UFP United Party Unionist Party Volksparty Workers Party WOSA

Trade unions and social movements	APF BCM FOSATU ICU MUSA NEUM PAWE SAAPAWU UDF Umkosi Wezintaba

Paramilitary and terrorist organisations	APLA ARM BBB Boeremag Greyshirts MK Ossewabrandwag Orde van die Dood SANF

Histories of
political parties

Category

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Thursday, September 05, 2013. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.