Ryanodine

Ryanodine
Names
IUPAC name
(1R,2R,3S,6S,7S,9S,10R,11S,12R,13S,14R)-2,6,9,11,13,14-Hexahydroxy-11-isopropyl-3,7,10-trimethyl-15-oxapentacyclo [7.5.1.01,6.07,13.010,14]pentadec-12-yl 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate
Identifiers
15662-33-6 YesY
ChEBI CHEBI:8925 YesY
ChEMBL ChEMBL612231 N
ChemSpider 16736002 YesY
4303
Jmol interactive 3D Image
KEGG C08705 N
MeSH Ryanodine
PubChem 5114
Properties
C25H35NO9
Molar mass 493.547 g/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Ryanodine is a poisonous alkaloid found in the South American plant Ryania speciosa (Salicaceae). It was originally used as an insecticide.

The compound has extremely high affinity to the open-form ryanodine receptor, a group of calcium channels found in skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and heart muscle cells. It binds with such high affinity to the receptor that it was used as a label for the first purification of that class of ion channels and gave its name to it.

At nanomolar concentrations, ryanodine locks the receptor in a half-open state, whereas it fully closes them at micromolar concentration. The effect of the nanomolar-level binding is that ryanodine causes release of calcium from calcium stores as the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm, leading to massive muscular contractions. The effect of micromolar-level binding is paralysis. This is true for both mammals and insects.

See also

References

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