Sailing at the 1932 Summer Olympics

Sailing at the Games of the X Olympiad
Xth Olympiad Los Angeles Bronze tablet Yachting
Venues	Los Angeles Harbor
Dates	First race: 5 August 1932 Last race: 12 August 1932
Sailors	57 from 11 countries
Boats	23
Top ranked countries
United States: 2   1   0    Sweden: 1   1   1    France: 1   0   0

Sailing/Yachting is an Olympic sport starting from the Games of the 1st Olympiad (1896 Olympics in Athens Greece). With the exception of 1904 and possible 1916 sailing was always a part of the Olympic program. The Sailing program of 1932 consisted of a total of four sailing classes (disciplines). For each class races were scheduled from 5–12 August directly off the Los Angeles Harbor on the Pacific Ocean.

Venue ^[1]

Los Angeles Harbor
Angels Gate light
Entrance to the Los Angeles Harbor. On the right the courses of the Snowbird were laid. To the left those of the other three classes.
Location within California
General information
Status	Complete
Type	Olympic harbor
Location	San Pedro Breakwater
Town or city	Los Angeles, California
Country	United States
Coordinates	33°42′30.5″N 118°15′06.0″W / 33.708472°N 118.251667°WCoordinates: 33°42′30.5″N 118°15′06.0″W / 33.708472°N 118.251667°W
Elevation	Sealevel
Construction started	1910
Opening	1913
Cost	$36,000
Owner	US Coast Guard
Design and construction
Architect	Unknown

Los Angeles Harbor

The Xth Olympiad Yachting events were raced in the Pacific Ocean directly off the Port of Los Angeles, over a course used for the past eight years in local yachting. This course was selected because of its suitability for wind conditions, its freedom from tides and swift currents, and the clearness of its waters, with the added advantage of offering spectators a full view from the Point Fermin headlands. Constant winds were assured as in this locality the trade wind comes up about mid-day, bringing with it a true westerly wind varying from

eight to fifteen knots in velocity.

— Xth Olympiade Committee of the Games of Los Angeles, Official Report of the Games of the X Olympiad^[1]

Sea breeze

Due to the predicted Sea breeze in Los Angeles Harbor it was decided to race the Snowbirds in the lighter morning breezes. However, during the mornings there was virtually no wind at all. Therefore some races of the Snowbird were sailed in the afternoon in heavy conditions. Luckily no capsizing took place. It also gave issues for those sailors who were competing no only in the Snowbird but also in one of the other classes.

Course areas ^[1]

The courses had been well prepared. The marks were laid by the United States Lighthouse Service in the form of large Government buoys, and kelp beds under the lee of Point Fermin were marked by the United States Navy Department as restricted area. Visiting yachts were kept at a safe distance from the racing boats by the US Coast Guard. Tows were arranged by the US Navy to and from Los Angeles Harbor to the race area's. On the Pacific side of the San Pedro Breakwater the Star, 6 Metre and 8 Metre yachts had their races. Those classes had to pass the Angels Gate light in order to reach the course area. The Snowbird stayed inside the breakwater to protect them from the ocean swell.

1932 Olympic Course Areas

Open street map view of the current map of Los Angeles. Projected are the 1932 Olympic courses of the Snowbird (Red Area) and the Star, 6 Metre and 8 Metre (blue area).

Competition ^[1]

Overview

Continents	Countries	Classes	Boats	Male	Female
3	11	4	23	57	0

• However all events were gender independent it turned out to be a male only event.

Continents

Map of Participating Sailing Continents at the 1932 Summer Olympics ● Green = Participating for the first time ● Blue = Participating ● Light Blue = Have previously participated

● Africa ● Europe ● North America

Countries

Map of Participating Sailing Countries at the 1932 Summer Olympics ● Green = Participating for the first time ● Blue = Participating ● Light Blue = Have previously participated

Austria (AUT)  Canada (CAN)  Spain (ESP)  France (FRA)  Germany (GER)  Great Britain (GBR)  Italy (ITA)  Netherlands (NED)  South Africa (RSA)  Sweden (SWE)  United States (USA)

• This time no new countries participated in the Sailing event of this Olympic.

Classes (equipment)

The 1932 Olympic classes |- ! Class !! Type !! Venue !! Event !! Sailors !! First OG !! Olympics so far |- |style="text-align:left"|Snowbird

Dinghy

Los Angeles

Max. 1 Max. 1 substitutes

1932

1

Star

Keelboat

Los Angeles

Max. 2 Max. 2 substitutes

1932

1

6 Metre

Keelboat

Los Angeles

Max. 5 Max. 5 substitutes

1908

6

8 Metre

Keelboat

Los Angeles

Max. 6 Max. 6 substitutes

1908

6

Legend: = Mixed gender event

The 1932 Olympic Classes in action Snowbird  Star  6 Metre  8 Metre

Race schedule^[1]

●

Opening ceremony

●

Event competitions

●

Event finals

●

Closing ceremony

Date	July		August
	30 Sat	31 Sun	1 Mon	2 Tue	3 Wed	4 Thu	5 Fri	6 Sat	7 Sun	8 Mon	9 Tue	10 Wed	11 Thu	12 Fri	13 Sat	14 Sun
Sailing (actual)							● ● ● ●	● ● ● ●	●● ● ● ●	● ● ● ●	● ● ●	●● ● ●	●●● ●	●
Total gold medals										8 Metre		6 Metre	Snowbird	Star
Ceremonies	●															●

Medal summary ^[2]

Event	Gold	Silver	Bronze
1932: Snowbird	France (FRA) Jacques Lebrun	Netherlands (NED) Bob Maas	Spain (ESP) Santiago Amat
1932: Star	United States (USA) Gilbert Gray Andrew Libano	Great Britain (GBR) George Colin Ratsey Peter Jaffe	Sweden (SWE) Gunnar Asther Daniel Sundén-Cullberg
1932: 6 Metre	Sweden (SWE) Tore Holm Olle Åkerlund Åke Bergqvist Martin Hindorff	United States (USA) Robert Carlson Temple Ashbrook Frederic Conant Emmett Davis Donald Douglas Charles Smith	Canada (CAN) Philip Rogers Gardner Boultbee Ken Glass Jerry Wilson
1932: 8 Metre	United States (USA) Owen Churchill John Biby Alphonse Burnand Kenneth Carey William Cooper Pierpont Davis Carl Dorsey John Huettner Richard Moore Alan Morgan Robert Sutton Thomas Webster	Canada (CAN) Ronald Maitland Ernest Cribb Peter Gordon George Gyles Harry Jones Hubert Wallace	No further competitors

Medal tables

Sailing 1932 ^[2]

Rank	Nation	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	United States (USA)	2	1	0	3
2	Sweden (SWE)	1	0	1	2
3	France (FRA)	1	0	0	1
4	Canada (CAN)	0	1	1	2
5	Great Britain (GBR)	0	1	0	1
	Netherlands (NED)	0	1	0	1
7	Spain (ESP)	0	0	1	1
Total		4	4	3	11

Sailing 1896–1932 ^[2]

Rank	Nation	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Norway (NOR)	12	5	1	18
2	Great Britain (GBR)	10	4	2	16
3	France (FRA)	8	10	13	31
4	Sweden (SWE)	5	4	3	12
5	Netherlands (NED)	2	4	1	7
6	Belgium (BEL)	2	2	1	5
7	United States (USA)	2	1	2	5
8	Mixed team (ZZX)	2	0	0	2
9	Germany (GER)	1	1	0	2
	Switzerland (SUI)	1	1	0	2
11	Denmark (DEN)	0	3	0	3
12	Finland (FIN)	0	1	4	5
13	Canada (CAN)	0	1	1	2
14	Spain (ESP)	0	0	1	1
	Estonia (EST)	0	0	1	1
	Russia (RUS)	0	0	1	1
Total	16	45	37	31	113

Ranking of the countries over the years

Graphic that showed the changes in the standing of the countries over the years.

Notes

Star

The 1932 Olympics featured for the first time the Star as Olympic discipline. This turned out to be so far the longest run for a sailing discipline in the Olympics. The Star was an Olympic class from 1932 - 2012 with the exception of 1976.

Snowbird

The USOC proposed to discontinue the 12' Dinghy in favor of a small V-bottom Catboat locally known as the Snowbird as the single handed one design class. This proposal was carried by the IYRU and IOC. The locally available Snowbirds were equipped with new masts, sails and rigging.

Medical assistance

For medical incidents during the Yachting events a United States Navy boat and a US Coast Guard boat were on duty during the races. This boats were equipped with an inhalator and crew furnished by the Los Angeles Fire Department.

Seven local physicians provided voluntary service (in alphabetical order):

• Edward G. Eisen, M.D., Head Physician
• Stanley Boller, M.D.
• J. Park Dougall, M.D.
• K. E. Kretzschmar, M.D.
• G. A. Laubersheimer, M.D.
• Wayland A. Morrison, M.D.
• Ewald Werner, M.D.

Other information

Sailors in multiple disciplines

Three sailors attempted to sail in the Snownbird and the Star. This was a challenge since the schedule of the Snowbird was modified due to the light air weather conditions in the mornings of the regattas.^[1]

•  George Colin Ratsey (GBR)
•  Bob Maas (NED)
•  Cecil Goodricke (RSA)

Sailing

During the Sailing regattas at the 1932 Summer Olympics among others the following persons were competing in the various classes:

•  France (FRA), Jacques Lebrun, French boat designer and technical director of the French national association
•  Netherlands (NED), Bob Maas, Dutch long time Star sailor
•  United States (USA), United States yachtsman and American industrialist Donald Wills Douglas, Jr. in the 6 Metre
•  United States (USA), United States yachting legend and inventor of the Swimfin, Owen Churchill in the 8 Metre

Sailors at the 1932 Olympic Games
Jacques Lebrun  Bob Maas (left)  Santiago Amat

Further reading

• "Digital Library Collection (Official Olympic Reports 1896 - 2008)". Digital Library Collection at la84.org. la84foundation. Retrieved 22 March 2015.

References

1. (ed.) Browne, Francis Granger (1933). Official Report of the Games of the X Olympiad (PDF). Los Angeles: Xth Olympiade Committee of the Games of Los Angeles, U.S. A. 1932, LTD. Retrieved 22 March 2015.
2. "Olympic Medal Winners". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 22 March 2015.