Salford Junction

Salford Junction

To Fazeley ahead, to Bordesley Junction right
Specifications
Status Open
Navigation authority Canal and River Trust
History
Date completed 1844

Salford Junction in context

Legend
Coventry Canal
Fazeley Junction
Walsall and Rushall Canals
Tame Valley Junction
Rushall Junction
Walsall and Tame Valley Canals
Birmingham and Fazeley Canal
Salford Junction
GU Garrison Locks (5)
Aston Locks (11)
Aston Junction + Digbeth Branch
Bordesley Junction (right)
Typhoo Basin (middle)
B&F to Old Turn Junction
 Grand Union Canal
The Grand Union Canal above the River Tame and below the M6 motorway
Start of the Tame Valley Canal with its toll island. To Birmingham, left

Salford Junction (grid reference SP095901) is the name of the canal junction where the Grand Union Canal and Tame Valley Canal meet the Birmingham and Fazeley Canal north of Birmingham, England.

History

Salford Junction became a double junction on 14 February 1844 when the Grand Union Canal and Tame Valley Canal joined the Birmingham and Fazeley Canal.[1] Prior to this, the Birmingham and Fazeley Canal crossed the River Tame via a seven-arched aqueduct, each with a span of 18 feet.[2] T & S Element opened boatyards at Salford Bridge in 1932 which soon became the company's head office. Spencer, Abbott and Company owned a boatbuilding yard at the junction too, however traces of these companies no longer exist.[3]

A bridge has been recorded as being at this location since 1536 during the reign of King Henry VIII, however it is believed to have existed since 1290.[4] In the document where it is first mentioned, it is named Shrafford Brugge and described as having four arches of stone.[4] "Shrafford" is a Saxon word meaning "the ford by the caves". The caves were natural, water formed cavities in the face of the nearby Copeley Hill escarpment, which were used as air-raid shelters in World War II and were finally removed upon the construction of Spaghetti Junction. The bridge was to be repaired by the parish of Aston, however, when it was destroyed by Roundhead Parliamentary troops during the English Civil War, reparation costs were charged to the county.[4] The bridge was reconstructed in 1810 to convert the footbridge into a road bridge. It was designed by John Couchman (1771–1838), who was paid £3,800 for the work.[5] The bridge was crossed by a road connecting Birmingham to Lichfield.[6] It was destroyed during the construction of Spaghetti Junction.

Location

One of the Birmingham terminations of the Grand Union Canal (originally here named the Birmingham and Warwick Junction Canal) is under the M6 motorway just east of Gravelly Hill Interchange ("Spaghetti Junction", M6 Junction 6). Here, at Salford Junction, it meets the end of the Tame Valley Canal and the Birmingham and Fazeley Canal to Birmingham (south) and Tamworth (north-west). Above Salford Junction are the slip roads to Birmingham's busiest motorway junction. Below it are the confluences of the Hockley Brook and River Rea into the River Tame.

Bibliography

References

  1. ↑ Birmingham.gov.uk: A History of the Canals in and around Birmingham: Wednesbury to Salford
  2. ↑ Priestley 1831, p. 72
  3. ↑ Clayton 2005
  4. 1 2 3 Stephens 1964, pp. 25–42
  5. ↑ Skempton 2002, p. 151
  6. ↑ Notes and Queries, Benjamin Walker (extract author), 1850, G. Bell

Coordinates: 52°30′31″N 1°51′33″W / 52.5085°N 1.8591°W / 52.5085; -1.8591

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