Sappinia amoebic encephalitis

Sappinia amoebic encephalitis (SAE) is the name for amoebic encephalitis caused by species of Sappinia.^[1]

The causative organism was originally identified as Sappinia diploidea,^[2]^[3] but is now considered to be Sappinia pedata.^[4]

It has been treated with azithromycin, pentamidine, itraconazole, and flucytosine.^[3]

References

↑ Da Rocha-Azevedo, B.; Tanowitz, H.; Marciano-Cabral, F. (2009). "Diagnosis of infections caused by pathogenic free-living amoebae". Interdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases 2009: 251406. doi:10.1155/2009/251406. PMC 2719787. PMID 19657454.
↑ Gelman, B. B.; Rauf, S. J.; Nader, R.; Popov, V.; Borkowski, J.; Chaljub, G.; Nauta, H. W.; Visvesvara, G. S. (2001). "Amoebic encephalitis due to Sappinia diploidea". JAMA: the Journal of the American Medical Association 285 (19): 2450–2451. doi:10.1001/jama.285.19.2450. PMID 11368696.
1 2 Gelman, B. B.; Popov, V.; Chaljub, G.; Nader, R.; Rauf, S. J.; Nauta, H. W.; Visvesvara, G. S. (2003). "Neuropathological and ultrastructural features of amebic encephalitis caused by Sappinia diploidea". Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology 62 (10): 990–998. PMID 14575235.
↑ Qvarnstrom, Y.; Da Silva, A.; Schuster, F.; Gelman, B.; Visvesvara, G. (2009). "Molecular confirmation of Sappinia pedata as a causative agent of amoebic encephalitis". The Journal of Infectious Diseases 199 (8): 1139–1142. doi:10.1086/597473. PMID 19302010.

Amoebozoal diseases (A06, 006)

Lobosea
(free-living)

Centramoebida	Acanthamoeba (Acanthamoeba keratitis, Cutaneous acanthamoebiasis, Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis, Acanthamoeba infection) Balamuthia mandrillaris (Balamuthia amoebic encephalitis, Balamuthia infection)

Flabellinea	Sappinia diploidea/Sappinia pedata (Sappinia amoebic encephalitis)

Conosa/Archamoebae

Pathology of the nervous system, primarily CNS (G04–G47, 323–349)

Inflammation

Brain	Encephalitis Viral encephalitis Herpesviral encephalitis Limbic encephalitis Encephalitis lethargica Cavernous sinus thrombosis Brain abscess Amoebic

Spinal cord	Myelitis: Poliomyelitis Demyelinating disease Transverse myelitis Tropical spastic paraparesis Epidural abscess

Both/either	Encephalomyelitis Acute disseminated Myalgic Meningoencephalitis

Brain/
encephalopathy

Degenerative

Extrapyramidal and movement disorders	Basal ganglia disease Parkinsonism PD Postencephalitic NMS PKAN Tauopathy PSP Striatonigral degeneration Hemiballismus HD OA Dyskinesia Dystonia Status dystonicus Spasmodic torticollis Meige's Blepharospasm Athetosis Chorea Choreoathetosis Myoclonus Myoclonic epilepsy Akathisia Tremor Essential tremor Intention tremor Restless legs Stiff person

Dementia	Tauopathy Alzheimer's Early-onset Primary progressive aphasia Frontotemporal dementia/Frontotemporal lobar degeneration Pick's Dementia with Lewy bodies Posterior cortical atrophy Vascular dementia

Mitochondrial disease	Leigh disease

Demyelinating

Episodic/
paroxysmal

Seizure/epilepsy	Focal Generalised Status epilepticus Myoclonic epilepsy

Headache	Migraine Familial hemiplegic Cluster Tension

Cerebrovascular	TIA Amaurosis fugax Transient global amnesia Acute aphasia Stroke MCA ACA PCA Foville's Millard–Gubler Lateral medullary Weber's Lacunar stroke

Sleep disorders	Insomnia Hypersomnia Sleep apnea Obstructive Ondine's curse Narcolepsy Cataplexy Kleine–Levin Circadian rhythm sleep disorder Advanced sleep phase disorder Delayed sleep phase disorder Non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder Jet lag

CSF

Other

Spinal cord/
myelopathy

Both/either

Degenerative

SA	Friedreich's ataxia Ataxia telangiectasia

MND	UMN only: Primary lateral sclerosis Pseudobulbar palsy Hereditary spastic paraplegia LMN only: Distal hereditary motor neuronopathies Spinal muscular atrophies SMA SMAX1 SMAX2 DSMA1 Congenital DSMA SMA-PCH SMA-LED SMA-PME Progressive muscular atrophy Progressive bulbar palsy Fazio–Londe Infantile progressive bulbar palsy both: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Tuesday, February 09, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.