Sarcosine/dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase

Sarcosine/dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.157, ApDMT, sarcosine-dimethylglycine methyltransferase, SDMT, sarcosine dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase, S-adenosyl-L-methionine:N,N-dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase) is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:sarcosine(or N,N-dimethylglycine) N-methyltransferase (N,N-dimethylglycine(or betaine)-forming).^[1]^[2]^[3] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + sarcosine

\rightleftharpoons

2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + betaine (overall reaction)

(1a) S-adenosyl-L-methionine + sarcosine

\rightleftharpoons

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N,N-dimethylglycine

(1b) S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N,N-dimethylglycine

\rightleftharpoons

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + betaine

This enzyme participates in biosynthesis of betaine from glycine in cyanobacterium Aphanocthece halophytica.

References

↑ Nyyssölä, A., Kerovuo, J., Kaukinen, P., von Weymarn, N. and Reinikainen, T. (2000). "Extreme halophiles synthesize betaine from glycine by methylation". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (29): 22196–22201. doi:10.1074/jbc.M910111199. PMID 10896953.
↑ Nyyssölä, A., Reinikainen, T. and Leisola, M. (2001). "Characterization of glycine sarcosine N-methyltransferase and sarcosine dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase". Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67 (5): 2044–2050. doi:10.1128/AEM.67.5.2044-2050.2001. PMC 92834. PMID 11319079.
↑ Waditee, R., Tanaka, Y., Aoki, K., Hibino, T., Jikuya, H., Takano, J., Takabe, T. and Takabe, T. (2003). "Isolation and functional characterization of N-methyltransferases that catalyze betaine synthesis from glycine in a halotolerant photosynthetic organism Aphanothece halophytica". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (7): 4932–4942. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210970200. PMID 12466265.

External links

Sarcosine/dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Transferase: one carbon transferases (EC 2.1)

2.1.1: Methyl-

N-	Histamine N-methyltransferase Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase Amine N-methyltransferase Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase

O-	5-hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase/Acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase Catechol-O-methyl transferase

Homocysteine	Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase Homocysteine methyltransferase Methionine synthase

Other	Phosphatidyl ethanolamine methyltransferase DNMT3B Histone methyltransferase Thymidylate synthase DNA methyltransferase Thiopurine methyltransferase

2.1.2: Hydroxymethyl-,
Formyl- and Related

Hydroxymethyltransferase	Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase

Formyltransferase	Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase Inosine monophosphate synthase

Other	Glutamate formimidoyltransferase Aminomethyltransferase

2.1.3: Carboxy-
and Carbamoyl

Carboxy	methylmalonyl-CoA carboxytransferase

Carbamoyl	Aspartate carbamoyltransferase Ornithine carbamoyltransferase Oxamate carbamoyltransferase Putrescine carbamoyltransferase 3-hydroxymethylcephem carbamoyltransferase Lysine carbamoyltransferase N-acetylornithine carbamoyltransferase

2.1.4: Amidine

Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase

Enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases(list) EC2 Transferases(list) EC3 Hydrolases(list) EC4 Lyases(list) EC5 Isomerases(list) EC6 Ligases(list)

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