Sarouk Persian carpets

Persian carpet market

In the second half of the 19th century, a huge market was created for Persian carpets in Europe and in the US. Many merchants bought the old and antique Persian rugs from all over Iran and exported them to other countries. They used the city of Tabriz in northwest Iran to export these antiques to Europe via Erzurum in Turkey. Some merchants also used the southern ports on the Persian Gulf to export Persian rugs to the US by ship.

Workshops established

By the later decades of the 19th century, probably around 1880, the supply of these fine antique rugs from Persia was on the low side. Therefore, many of the merchants from Tabriz decided to establish workshops in Sultanabad to produce rugs based on the western demand. This region had a fine carpet weaving tradition and was a perfect place to set up looms and rug workshops. Sarouk, is a village located 30 miles north of the city of Sultanabad (today called Arak). Sarouk is famous for weaving very heavy body carpets.

Rising demand

To meet the rising demand in the west for Persian rugs, the British-Switzerland company Ziegler & Co. opened its office in Tabriz in 1878 and in Sultanabad in 1883. The first World Oriental Carpet Exhibition of 1891 in Vienna and another one in London in 1892 created a rising demand for Persian rugs in the west. Companies such as British-Italian Nearco Castelli Brothers and the Eastern Rug Trading Company of New York established their branches in 1909 in Tabriz and later in Kerman. Atiyeh Brothers of Oregon also established their weaving facilities in Kerman after the start of the 20th century.

Sarouk style

Of these cities, Sultanabad and surrounding towns and villages such as Sarouk, Farahan, Lilian were the most famous in the US. After establishing the offices and branches of foreign companies, the designs were created based on the customers tastes and demand and a new types or Persian rugs were produces. The kind of rugs today called Ziegler, or Sultanabad, were produced from early years of the 20th century with the designs and color combination that Americans liked. There are many of them which are called the American Sarouk. Their colors look kind of dark or dirty pink. They have overall designs with no medallion or a very small floral medallion.

Rugs and carpets

Rugs	Abadeh Afghan Ahar Alcaraz Arak Ardabil Azerbaijani Bakhtiari Bakshaish Balouch Bessarabian Bidjar Borujerd Braided Caucasian Dhurrie Flokati Heriz Isfahan Jozan Karadagh Kashan Kashmir Kerman Kilim Zanjan Shahsevan rug Kuba Kurdish Lilihan Mashhad Nain Navajo Oriental Pakistani Petate Qom Rya Sarouk Scandinavia Seraband Seychour Shiraz Sweden Tabriz Tibetan Turkmen Uzbek Julkhyr Uzbek Napramach Varamin Yürük

Carpets	Armenian Bakshaish Bellini Berber Bergama Bessarabian Bradford Caucasian Chiprovtsi Crivelli Fitted Gabbeh Hereke Karabakh Konya Kuba Holbein Lilihan Lotto Memling Milas Persian Pirot Sarouk Turkish Ushak Yomut

People	James F. Ballard Sir Francis Crossley Kurt Erdmann Arthur T. Gregorian Arshag Karagheusian Latif Karimov Julius Lessing William Morris George H. Myers Arthur Upham Pope Alois Riegl Friedrich Sarre Wilhelm von Bode Thomas Whitty Charles T. Yerkes

Places	Axminster Azerbaijan Carpet Museum Carpet Museum of Iran Dar al-Athar al-Islamyya, Kuwait Brukenthal National Museum Louvre Mevlana Museum Metropolitan Museum of Art Miho Museum Museum of Applied Arts (Budapest) Museum of Applied Arts, Vienna Museum of Islamic Art, Doha Museo Poldi Pezzoli Musée des Tissus et des Arts Décoratifs, Lyon Pergamon Museum Saint Louis Art Museum Textile Museum (Washington, D.C.) Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum Turkmen Carpet Museum Victoria and Albert Museum Wilton

Cleaning	Carpet cleaning Dry carpet cleaning Floorcloth

Fabrics	Frieze Shag

Manufacture and installation	Ghiordes knot Knot density Rubia Rug hooking Rug making Tack strip Underlay

Dyes	Natural dye Synthetic dye Madder (Rubia tinctorum) Indigofera tinctoria Carmine Cochineal Armenian cochineal Polish cochineal Coccus cacti

Manufacturers	A & M Karagheusian Axminster Carpets Brintons Carpet One Cormar Carpets Dilmaghani Savonnerie manufactory DOBAG Carpet Initiative

Carpets in culture	Eagle rug Early Anatolian Animal carpets Gul Kilim motifs Elibelinde Evil eye Tree of life Magic carpet Oriental carpets in Renaissance painting Pictorial carpet Prayer rug Red carpet Transylvanian rugs War rugs

Notable individual carpets	Ardabil Carpet Badding Rug Baharestan Carpet Coronation Carpet

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