Sikorsky S-40

S-40

Sikorsky S-40 PanAm 1931
Role	Sesquiplane amphibious flying boat
National origin	United States
Manufacturer	Sikorsky Aircraft
First flight	1931
Introduction	19 November 1931
Primary user	Pan American
Number built	3
Unit cost	$125,000 in 1931
Developed into	Sikorsky S-42

The Sikorsky S-40 was an American sesquiplane amphibious flying boat built by Sikorsky in the early 1930s for Pan American World Airways.

Design and development

Sikorsky designed the S-40 in response to a request from Juan Trippe, president of Pan American Airways, for a larger passenger carrying airplane. The S-40s could carry 38 passengers, a significant increase over the S-38's capacity of eight passengers. The aircraft featured a pantry with an electric refrigerator and stove as well as beautifully appointed smoking lounge with book-ended mahogany wood paneling. Six life rafts were carried on board.^[1] Despite its significant capacity increase, the S-40s were not the most aerodynamic aircraft due in large part to the numerous flying wires and strut braces that were used as an exterior support framework, hence the nickname "Flying Forest". Only three were built as Sikorsky was designing (during the maiden flight of the S-40) and building the more modern S-42 as a replacement aircraft.

A total of three aircraft were built by the Vought-Sikorsky Aircraft Division of the United Aircraft Corporation in Stratford, Connecticut. The three aircraft in the S-40 series were:

NC80V - Caribbean Clipper
NC81V - American Clipper
NC752V - Southern Clipper

In 1935 a new version, the Sikorsky S-40A, was created by upgrading the original three aircraft. Their 575 hp (429 kW) Pratt & Whitney R-1860 Hornet B engines were replaced by smaller, heavily supercharged 660 hp (490 kW) R-1690 Hornet T2D1 engines, the landing gear was eliminated, and the maximum weight was slightly increased.

Operational history

Passenger carrying service was initiated on the November 19, 1931, with a S-40 piloted by Charles Lindbergh, flying from Miami, Florida to the Panama Canal Zone with stops at Cienfuegos, Cuba; Kingston, Jamaica and Barranquilla, Colombia.

The S-40 was Pan American's first large flying boat. The American Clipper served as the flagship of Pan Am's clipper fleet and this aircraft model was the first to earn the popular designation of "Clipper" or "Pan Am Clipper". The three S-40s served without incident during their civilian lives, flying a total of over 10 million miles. They were turned over to the US Navy during World War II and were used as trainers for four-engined flight instruction. All three of the S-40s were eventually retired and scrapped starting in 1943.

Specifications (S-40)

General characteristics

Crew: six
Capacity: 38 passengers
Length: 76 feet 8 inches (23.37 m)
Wingspan: 114 feet 0 inches (34.75 m)
Height: 23 feet 10 inches (7.26 m)
Wing area: 1,875 square feet (174.2 m²)
Empty: 24,748 pounds (11,226 kg)
Loaded: 34,000 pounds (15,000 kg)
Maximum takeoff: lb (kg)
Powerplant: 4x Pratt & Whitney R-1860 Hornet B radial engines, 575 hp (429 kW) each

Performance

Maximum speed: 135 miles per hour (217 km/h)
Range: 875 miles (1,408 km)
Service ceiling: 13,000 feet (4,000 m)
Rate of climb: ft/min (m/min)
Wing loading: 18 lb/ft² (89 kg/m²)
Power/Mass: 0.07 hp/lb (0.11 kW/kg)

References

Notes

↑ Popular Aviation, December 1931, p. 89.

Bibliography

Davies, R.E.G. Pan Am: An Airline and its Aircraft. New York: Orion Books, 1987. ISBN 0-517-56639-7.
Yenne, Bill. Seaplanes & Flying Boats: A Timeless Collection from Aviation's Golden Age. New York: BCL Press, 2003. ISBN 1-932302-03-4.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sikorsky S-40.

Sikorsky aircraft

Fixed-wing aircraft (company designations)	S-1 S-2 S-3 S-4 S-5 S-6 S-7 S-8 S-9 S-10 S-11 S-12 S-13 S-14 S-15 S-16 S-17 S-18 S-19 S-20 S-21 S-22 S-23 S-24 S-25 S-26 S-27 S-28 S-29-A S-30 S-31 S-32 S-33 S-34 S-35 S-36 S-37 S-38 S-39 S-40 S-41 S-42 S-43 VS-44 S-45

Fixed-wing aircraft (military designations)	C-6 C-28 JRS JR2S PS RS XBLR-3 XPBS XSS XV-2

Helicopters (company designations)	VS-300 (S-46) S-47 S-48 S-49 S-51 S-52 S-53 S-54 S-55 S-56 S-57 S-58 S-59 S-60 S-61 S-61L/N S-61R S-62 S-63 S-64 S-65 S-66 S-67 S-68 S-69 S-70 S-71 S-72 S-73 S-74 S-75 S-76 S-80 S-92/H-92 S-97 S-300 S-333 S-434

Helicopters (military designations)	SH-3 HH-3E/F R-4 H-5 H-6 H-18 H-19 H-34 CH-37 XH-39 HH-52A CH-53 CH-53E CH-53K CH-54 HH-60G HH-60J MH-60R/S SH-60B/F SH-60J/K UH-60 VH-60 RAH-66 CH-124 CH-148

Experimental aircraft	Cypher Cypher II Firefly X2 XBLR-3 XV-2

Authority control	GND: 7573052-2

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