Simon & Halbig

Doll from the collection of the Guildhall Museum in Rochester, Kent
A Kämmer & Reinhardt doll with a Simon & Halbig bisque head

Simon & Halbig is a doll manufacturer known for bisque doll heads with subtle colouring. They were based in Thuringen, the centre of the German doll industry. They supplied doll heads to many other well known doll makers. These are now collectables.

Description

Bisque is unglazed porcelain with a matte finish, giving it a realistic skin-like texture.[1] It is usually tinted or painted a realistic skin color.[2] The bisque head is attached to a body made of cloth or leather, or a jointed body made of wood, papier-mâché or composition, a mix of pulp, sawdust, glue and similar materials.[2] Many, like Simon & Halbig, came from the Thuringia region, which has natural deposits of the clay used to make the dolls.[1][3]

Simon & Halbig was known for excellent sculpting of their doll heads, and the high quality of their bisque (porcelain).[4]

German childlike dolls were predominantly produced between 1890 and 1930.[3]

Examples of these dolls can be found in the Barry Elder collection in the Judges' Lodgings Museum, Lancaster[5]

History

Simon & Halbig was founded in 1839, they began making dolls from 1869 in their two porcelain factories in Gräfenhain and Hidburghausen in Thuringen, Germany.

In 1902 they started co-operating with Kämmer of Kämmer & Reinhardt. Kämmer modelled some heads for them, and the firm produced them. These were then made into dolls by Kämmer & Reinhardt- the heads were stamped with both firms marks-[4] The bodies and limbs would be of the more durable composition. In 1920 Simon & Halbig was bought by Kämmer & Reinhardt, who continued to produce dolls until 1932. The factory became known as Keramisches Werk Gräfenhain.[6]

Companies using Simon & Halbig heads

American firms
German firms
French firms

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Christopher, Catherine (1971). The complete book of doll making and collecting. Dover Publications. pp. 187–190. ISBN 0-486-22066-4. Retrieved February 8, 2010.
  2. 1 2 Denise Van Patten. "Glossary of Doll Collecting Terms -- Composition". About.
  3. 1 2 "A Brief History of Antique Dolls, Part II".
  4. 1 2 Foulke, Jan (December 1, 1984). Simon & Halbig Dolls: The Artful Aspect. Hobby House Press. ISBN 978-0875882192.
  5. ↑ Judges' Lodgings, Lancaster Description Panel
  6. ↑ "Simon & Halbig Dolls". dollreference.com. Retrieved 4 October 2014.

External links

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