Siwan district

This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Siwan, Bihar.
Siwan district
सीवान ज़िला ضلع سیوان
District of Bihar

Location of Siwan district in Bihar
Country India
State Bihar
Administrative division Saran
Headquarters Siwan, Bihar
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituencies Siwan
 • Assembly seats Siwan, Ziradei, Darauli, Raghunathpur, Daraunda, Barharia, Goriakothi, Maharajganj
Area
 • Total 2,219 km2 (857 sq mi)
Population (2011)
 • Total 3,318,176
 • Density 1,500/km2 (3,900/sq mi)
Demographics
 • Literacy 71.59 per cent
 • Sex ratio 984
Major highways NH 85
Website Official website

Siwan district is one of the districts of Bihar state, India. Siwan town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Siwan district is a part of Saran Division since 1972. The town is known for its great past especially for First President of Indian Republic who belonged to Jeeradei.[1]

History

Siwan district, situated in the western part of the state, was originally a sub-division of Saran district, which in ancient time formed a part of Kosala Kingdom.[2] Siwan became a fully-fledged district when it was split from Saran in 1976.[3]

Siwan derived its name from "Shiva Man", a Bandh Raja whose heirs ruled this area till Babar’s arrival. The meaning of "Siwan" is border, previously it used to be the border district of "Bihar". Maharajganj, which is another subdivision of Siwan district, may have found its name from the seat of the Maharaja there. A recently excavated marvelous statue of Lord Vishnu at Bherbania village from underneath a tree indicates that there were large numbers of followers of Lord Vishnu. Currently, it is not located as border district of Bihar. The Gorkha king had briefly extended his kingdom to Siwan for a few years in the 1790s before the British started their rule and repulsed the Gorkhas and that is how the name of Siwan (meaning border) got stuck to the region.[4]

Siwan was a part of Banaras Kingdom during the 8th century. Muslims came here in the 13th century. Sikandar Lodi brought this area under his kingdom in the 15th century. Babar crossed Ghaghra river near Siswan in his return journey. By the end of the 17th century, the Dutch came first; followed by the English. After the battle of Buxar in 1765, it became a part of Bengal. Siwan played an important role in 1857 independence movement. It is famous for the stalwart and sturdy ‘Bhoj-puries’, who have always been noted for their martial spirit and physical endurance and from whom the army and police personnel were largely drawn. A good number of them rebelled and rendered their services to Babu Kunwar Singh. The anti pardah movement in Bihar was started by Sri Braj Kishore Prasad who also belonged to Siwan in response to the Non Co-Operative movement in 1920.[2]

Historical places

Don

A village in the Darauli block where there are remnants of a fort, which is said to be connected with the famous hero of the Mahabharat, Acharya Dronacharya the guru of both Kaurava’s and Pandav’s. Dona's stupa is a lesser-known but popular Buddhist pilgrimage site, despite its isolated location. The Buddhist traveler Hiuen Tsang mentions a visit to Don in his account of his travels in India. He describes the stupa as being in ruins. The account of Dona's distribution of Buddha's ashes and being given the vessel is a mentioned in the end of the Mahaparinibbana Sutta, which is described in Maurice Walsh's The Long Discourses. Presently Dona's stupa is a grassy hill and has a Hindu temple built over it, where a beautiful statue of Tara is worshiped as a Hindu goddess. This statue was carved in the 9th century. A.D. Tourists on a Buddhist Pilgrimage Tour are sure to appreciate the historic sight of the stupa at Don.

Mehandar Dham

A village in Siswan Block, where there is a temple of Lord Shiva & Lord Vishwakarma which is visited by the people of the locality almost every Monday. But in the month of Shravan(July-Aug) visited by many thousands of people everyday, specially on Monday in that month. Shivaratri & Vishwakarma Puja (17 Sept) is the most crowded days of whole year. Also, this temple is famous for marriage ceremony. It is known for its temple and a pond scatted over an area of more than 52 bighas (748800 sq.ft.). It is said that Nepal king built this big pond because in his journey he took his bath in a small pond at this place and got his leprosy cured.

Mairwa Dham

Mairwa, A block headquarters now, there is a celebrated Brahma Asthan, locally known as Hari Baba ka Asthan, the shrine having been built over the relics of the saint. There is also a mound called Chananriyam Dih from an Ahirni woman who is now worshipped in a shed built in front of the Dak bungalow which occupies the top of the mound. The shrine is on the bank of the Jharhi River and fairs are held in Kartik and Chaitra months. There is also a leper home at Mairwa known as Kustha Sevasram whcih is doing useful work.

Hasanpura

It is a village in the Hussainganj block. It is said that Makhdum Sayyad Hasan Chisti, a saint who came from Arabia to India and settled here, found it. He founded a Khankhah too.

Lakri Dargah

It is the place of pilgrimage for the Mohammedans. The village is so called because it contains the tomb (Dargah) of a Mohammedan saint, Shah Arjan of Patria, in which there is some good woodwork. The story runs that the saint, attracted by the solitude of the place, performed a Chila here, i.e., gave himself up to religious contemplation for 40 days. He also set up a religious establishment, which was endowed by the Emperor Aurangzeb. The anniversary of the saint's death is celebrated the 11th of Rabi-us-sani every year which attracts a large crowd.

Maharajganj

A block headquarters now, it was also called Basnauli Gangar. It is the largest bazar in the district. This was the place where great hero of Indian Independence Movement, Shri Phulena Prasad centralised his activity and fought against the Britishers.

Mehandar

A village in Siswan Blcok, where there is a temple of Lord Shiva & Lord Vishwakarma which is visited by the people of the locality on the Shivaratri day & Vishwakarma Puja (17 Sept) Day. It is known for its temple and a pond scatted over an area of more than 52 bighas. It is said that one Nepal king built these and took his bath in the pond and got his leprosy cured.

Ziradei

It is a village in the Hussainganj Blcok. Dr.Rajendra Prasad, the first President of the Indian Republic, belonged to this village.

Bhikhabandh

A village in Maharajganj Block, there is a big tree under the shade of which Bhaiya-Bahini temple is situated. The story runs that these brother and sister fought Mughal sepoys in the 14th century and died here in course of fighting.

Geography

Siwan district occupies an area of 2,219 square kilometres (857 sq mi).[5]

Sub-Divisions

Siwan district comprises the following Sub-Divisions:

Divisions

Administrative Division

Thus there are seventeen functional blocks in the district Namely – Siwan, Mairwa, Darauli, Guthani, Hussainganj, Andar, Raghunathpur, Siswan, Barharia, Pachrukhi,Hasnpura, Nautan, Jiradei under Siwan subdivision and Maharajganj, Duraondha, Goreakothi, Basantpur, Bhagwanpur and Lakri Nabiganj under Maharajganj subdivision.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Siwan district has a population of 3,318,176.[6] This gives it a ranking of 101st in India (out of a total of 640).[6] The district has a population density of 1,495 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,870/sq mi) .[6] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 22.25%.[6] Siwan has a sex ratio of 984females for every 1000 males,[6] and a literacy rate of 71.59%.[6]

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Notable personalities

References

  1. ↑
  2. 1 2 http://siwan.bih.nic.in/District_Profile.aspx
  3. ↑ Law, Gwillim (2011-09-25). "Districts of India". Statoids. Retrieved 2011-10-11.
  4. ↑ http://www.indianexpress.com/news/this-week-bihar/1118304/
  5. ↑ Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. pp. 1118–1119. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-30.


External links

 Gopalganj district
Deoria district, Uttar Pradesh Saran district
   Siwan district  
Ballia district, Uttar Pradesh

Coordinates: 26°12′00″N 84°24′00″E / 26.2000°N 84.4000°E / 26.2000; 84.4000

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