String sextet

Ensemble layout

In classical music, a string sextet is a composition written for six string instruments, or a group of six musicians who perform such a composition. Most string sextets have been written for an ensemble consisting of two violins, two violas, and two cellos.

Among the earliest works in this form are the six string sextets Op. 23 of Luigi Boccherini, written in 1776. Other notable string sextets include the Opp. 18 and 36 of Johannes Brahms, the Op. 48 of Antonín Dvořák, the Souvenir de Florence (Op. 70) of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Verklärte Nacht (Op. 4) by Arnold Schoenberg, the op. 10 of Erich Wolfgang Korngold, Erwin Schulhoff's String Sextet (1924) and the String Sextet (1989) of Charles Wuorinen.

More unusual combinations for a string sextet:

three violins, viola and two cellos: Ferdinand David (1810-1873), op. 38, Gaetano Brunetti (1744-1798), op. 1
three violins, two violas and cello: Jan Brandts Buys (1868-1933), op. 40.

Notable string sextets

Luigi Boccherini (1743–1805) String Sextets, Op. 23 (1776)
Alexander Borodin (1833–1887) String Sextet in D minor (2 mvts) (1860/61)
Hakon Børresen (1876–1954) Sextet in G major, Op. 5 (1901)
Johannes Brahms (1833–1897)
- String Sextet No. 1 in B-flat major, Op. 18 (33')
- String Sextet No. 2 in G major, Op. 36 (33')
Frank Bridge (1879–1941) String Sextet (1906–1912) (27')
Karl Davydov (1838–1889) Sextet, Op. 35 (1880) dedicated to Leopold Auer
Ignacy Feliks Dobrzyński (1807–67) Sextet in E-flat major, Op.39 (1845) (for 2 Violins, Viola & 2 Cellos & Bass)
Ernő Dohnányi (1877–1960) String Sextet in B-flat major (1893, revised 1898) (27')
Antonín Dvořák (1841–1904) String Sextet in A major, Op. 48, B. 80 (31')
Iván Erőd (b. 1936)
- Serenade for String Sextet, Op. 45 (1983)
- 2nd String Sextet, Op. 68 (1996)
Eduard Franck (1817–1893)
- String Sextet No. 1 in E-flat, Op. 41 (1882)
- String Sextet No. 2 in D major, Op. 50 (1894)
Niels Gade (1871–1890) Sextet in E-flat major, Op. 44 (1865)
Louis Glass (1864–1936) Sextet in G major, Op. 15 (1893)
Reinhold Glière (1875–1956)
- Sextet No. 1 in C minor (1898)
- String Sextet No. 2 in B minor, Op. 7 (1904)
- String Sextet No. 3 in C major, Op. 11 (1904)
Heinrich Hofmann (1842–1902) Sextet Op. 25 (1874)
Joseph Holbrooke (1878–1958) Sextet in D, Op. 43 (1924)
Vincent d'Indy (1851–1931) String Sextet in B-flat major, Op. 92 (1927)
Mauricio Kagel (1931-2008) String Sextet (1953, rev. 1957)
Hans von Koessler (1853–1926) Sextet in F minor (1902)
Erich Wolfgang Korngold (1897–1957) String Sextet in D major, Op. 10 (1917) (33')
Arnold Krug (1849–1904) Sextet in D major, Op. 68
Max Lewandowsky (1874–1906) Sextet, Op. 5 (1904)
Bohuslav Martinů (1890–1959) String Sextet, H. 224 Paris, 1932 (15-16')
Mihály Mosonyi (1815–1870) String Sextet in C minor (32')
Per August Ölander (1824–1886) String Sextet (1876?)
Walter Piston (1894–1976) String Sextet (1964) (18')
Joachim Raff (1822–1882) Sextet in G minor, Op. 178 (1872)
Max Reger (1873–1916) Sextet in F major, Op. 118 (1910)
Friedhelm Rentzsch (b. 1955) String Sextet (1981) (15')
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov (1844–1908) String Sextet in A major (30')
Paul Rosenbloom (b. 1952) String Sextet (1978) (30')
Anton Rubinstein (1829–1894) Sextet in D major, Op. 97
Peter Schickele (b. 1935) String Sextet (1990) (26')
Arnold Schoenberg (1874–1951) Verklärte Nacht (Transfigured Night), Op. 4 (1899) (29')
Erwin Schulhoff (1894–1942) String Sextet (1924) (21')
Salvatore Sciarrino (b. 1947) Sestetto(2003) (22')
Louis Spohr (1784–1859) String Sextet in C major, Op. 140 (1848) (24')
Richard Strauss (1864–1949) from the Opera Capriccio, Op. 85 (1942) (10')
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840–1893) Souvenir de Florence, Op. 70 (35')
Nicolai von Wilm (1834–1911) Sextet in B minor, Op. 27 (1898)
Charles Wuorinen (b. 1938) String Sextet (1989)

References

The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians ed. S. Sadie (London: Macmillan, 1980)
Naxos Music Library (www.NaxosMusicLibrary.com)

Musical ensembles by number

Solo: 1	Solo concerto Drum solo Guitar solo One-woman band Piano solo

Duet: 2	Bicinium Piano duet Piano four hands Musical duo

Trio: 3	Clarinet-cello-piano Clarinet-viola-piano Clarinet-violin-piano Flute, viola and harp Jazz trio Organ trio Piano six hands Piano trio Power trio (in rock music and heavy metal music) Trio sonata String trio

Quartet: 4	Jazz quartet Piano Rock or pop quartet String Wind Woodwind

Quintet: 5	Brass Piano Pierrot ensemble Rock or pop quintet String Wind

Sextet: 6	Piano String Rock or pop sextet

Other	Septet: 7 Octet: 8 String Nonet: 9 Decet: 10 Duodecet: 12

Large groups	Big band Choir Concert band Orchestra

Violin family

Instruments	Violin Viola Cello Double bass Violin range Kit violin Five string violin Violino piccolo Alto range Five string viola Vertical viola Viola pomposa Tenor range Tenor violin/Tenor viola Violotta Viola Profonda Cello range Five string cello Baritone violin Cello da spalla Cellone Violoncello piccolo Bass range Bass violin Violone Octobass

Parts	Bass bar Bow Bridge Chinrest Endpin F-hole Fingerboard Frog Scroll Shoulder rest Sound post Tailpiece Tuning peg

Techniques	Bowing Arco Col legno Down bow Up bow Martelé Portato Rosin Spiccato Tremolo Arpeggio Artificial harmonic Double stop Fingering Bariolage Pizzicato Scordatura Vibrato

Ensembles and genres	String quartet String trio String quintet String sextet String octet Violin concerto Viola concerto Cello concerto Double bass concerto Violin sonata Viola sonata Cello sonata Carnatic music

Other	Violin physics Violin history Stradivarius String section Violin lutherie Violin musical styles Violin octet

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String sextet

Notable string sextets

References

See also