Line of succession to the former Austro-Hungarian throne

The dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary was abolished in 1918. The current Head of the House of Habsburg is Archduke Karl. The succession law used is Semi-Salic.[1]

History

Pragmatic Sanction

Equal marriages

During the monarchy and for a number of decades afterwards members of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine had to be born of an Imperially approved, equal marriage to be deemed dynastic, according to the Imperial Family's house law of 1839. On the authorization of the Emperor, that law was amended with addenda on 12 June 1900 (two weeks prior to a declaration to the Austrian and Hungarian legislatures of the morganatic nature of Archduke Franz Ferdinand's impending marriage to Countess Sophie Chotek), requiring a spouse to belong to one of the following: the Imperial Family of Austria-Hungary, a currently or previously sovereign Christian dynasty, or a mediatised family. It further clarified the pool of eligible marital partners to include 1. a list of 32 mediatised, princely families, and 2. only members of the specified mediatized families who were born in compliance with their own family's equality of birth house law or who could prove 16 noble, knightly quarterings (i.e., all great-great-grandparents) and beyond that at least 300 years of tournament, fief-holding nobility in the paternal and maternal lines.[2][3]

By the time of the marriage of Archduke Karl in 1993 to Baroness Francesca Thyssen-Bornemisza, who did not meet the old equality requirements, the rules regrading equal marriages had been relaxed[3] (In 1953 Archduke Rudolf's marriage to Countess Xenia Tchernichev-Besobrasov and in 1976 that of another Archduke Rudolf to Baroness Marie-Hélène de Villenfagne de Vogelsangck had been approved as dynastic).[4] Currently for a marriage to be dynastic all that is needed is the consent of the head of the house and a religious marriage.[3] On 30 November 1990 the head of the house Crown Prince Otto recognized the title Count or Countess von Habsburg to the issue of morganatic marriages contracted after the dynasty ceased to reign.[3][5] The descendants of archdukes whose wives had been of comital rank were retroactively integrated into the dynasty with traditional titles (e.g., the children and male-line descendants of Archduke Leo Karl {1893-1939} and his wife since 1922, Countess Maria-Klothilde von Thuillières von Montjoye-Vaufrey et de la Roche {1893-1978}),[5] except those of Archduke Clemens Salvatore of Austria-Tuscany (1904-1974) who, on 2 April 1930, had renounced his succession rights and dynastic titles, receiving authorization from Crown Prince Otto for himself, his wife and male-line descendants to bear the title and name of Prince or Princess von Altenburg on 15 December 1949.[5]

Archduchesses

Although under the semi-salic succession law archduchess possess the right of succession when there are no males of any Habsburg-Lorraine branch left to succeed, during the monarchy upon marriage they renounced their succession rights to the Austro-Hungarian thrones.[6]

Present line of succession[3]

  • Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor (1747-1792)
    • Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (1768-1835)
    • Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1769-1824). Founder of the Tuscany branch of the imperial house.
      • Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1797-1870)
        • Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1835-1908)
          • Archduke Peter Ferdinand of Austria (1874-1948)
            • Archduke Gottfried of Austria (1902-1984)
              • (40) Archduke Leopold Franz, Prince of Tuscany (born 1942); renounced his rights as (Titular) Grand Duke of Tuscany and Head of the Tuscany line in favour of his son, married to (1) [divorced] Laetitia de Belzunce-d'Arenberg, (2) [divorced] Marta Perez Valverde). Issue by first marriage only.
                • (41) Archduke Sigismund, Grand Duke of Tuscany (born 1966); married to Elyssa Edmonstone)
                  • (42) Archduke Leopold, Grand Prince of Tuscany (born 2001)
                  • (43) Archduke Maximilian, Prince of Tuscany (born 2004)
                • (44) Archduke Guntram, Prince of Tuscany (born 1967); morganatically married to Debora de Sola, recognised as Countess von Habsburg, with issue.
            • Archduke Georg of Austria, Prince of Tuscany (1905-1952)
              • (45) Archduke Radbot, Prince of Tuscany (born 1938); morganatically married to Caroline Proust, with issue.
              • (46) Archduke Georg, Prince of Tuscany (born 1952); married.
        • Archduke Karl Salvator of Austria (1839-1892)
          • Archduke Leopold Salvator of Austria (1863-1931)
            • Archduke Anton of Austria (1901-1987)
              • (47) Archduke Dominik, Prince of Tuscany (born 1937); morganatically married twice (1) [divorced] to Engel von Voss, 2 sons; (2) Emmanuela (Nella) Mlynarski.
          • Archduke Franz Salvator of Austria (1866-1939)
            • Archduke Hubert Salvator of Austria (1894-1971)
              • Archduke Friedrich Salvator of Austria (1927-1999)
                • (48) Archduke Leopold, Prince of Tuscany (born 1956)
                • (49) Archduke Alexander Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (born 1959); married to Countess Maria-Gabriele von Waldstein
                  • (50) Archduke Constantin Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (born 2002)
                  • (51) Archduke Paul Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (born 2003)
              • (52) Archduke Andreas Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (born 1936); married to (1) [divorced (annulled 2002)] Maria de la Piedad Espinosa de los Monteros y Rosillo (2) 2001 and 2003 (religious) Countess Valerie Podstatzky-Lichtenstein. Issue by the second marriage only.
                • (53) Archduke Thaddäus Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (born 2002)
                • (54) Archduke Casimir Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (born 2003)
              • (55) Archduke Markus, Prince of Tuscany (born 1946); married morganatically to Hildegard (Hilde) Maria Jungmayr, with issue.
              • (56) Archduke Johann, Prince of Tuscany (born 1947); married morganatically to Anne-Marie Stummer, with issue.
              • (57) Archduke Michael, Prince of Tuscany (born 1949); married to Eva Antonia von Hoffman, with issue.
            • Archduke Theodore Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (1899-1978)
              • (58) Archduke Carl Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (born 1936); married to Edith Wenzl Frn von Sternbach
                • (59) Archduke Matthias, Prince of Tuscany (born 1971); married morganatically twice (1) [divorced] Sabine Binder, (2) Eva Anderle. Had issue by second marriage.
                • (60) Archduke Johannes, Prince of Tuscany (born 1974); married Katharina Lieselotte Riedl Edle von Riedenstein
                • (61) Archduke Bernhard, Prince of Tuscany (born 1977)
                • (62) Archduke Benedikt, Prince of Tuscany (born 1983)
    • Archduke Joseph, Palatine of Hungary (1776–1847)
      • Archduke Joseph Karl of Austria (1833-1905)
        • Archduke Joseph August of Austria (1872-1962)
          • Archduke Joseph Francis of Austria (1895-1957)
            • (63) Archduke Joseph Árpád (born 1933); Head of the Palatine of Hungary line); married to Princess Maria of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
              • (64) Archduke Joseph Karl (born 1960)
                • (65) Archduke Joseph Albrecht (born 1994)
                • (66) Archduke Paul Leo (born 1996)
              • (67) Archduke Andreas (born 1963); married to Countess Marie-Christine von Hatzfeldt-Dönhoff.
                • (68) Archduke Friedrich-Cyprian (born 1995)
                • (69) Archduke Pierre (born 1997)
                • (70) Archduke Benedikt-Alexander (born 2005)
              • (71) Archduke Nikolaus (born 1973); married to Eugenia de Calonje y Gurrea
                • (72) Archduke Nicolás (born 2003)
                • (73) Archduke Santiago (born 2006)
              • (74) Archduke Johannes (born 1975); married to María Gabriela Montenegro Villamizar
                • (75) Archduke Johannes (born 2010)
                • (76) Archduke Alexander (born 2011)
                • (77) Archduke Ignace (born 2013)
            • (78) Archduke Géza (born 1940); married morganatically twice (1) [divorced] Monika Decker and (2) Elizabeth Jane Kunstadter. Issue by both marriages.
            • (79) Archduke Michael (born 1942); married to Princess Christiana of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg, his sister-in-law.
              • (80) Archduke Eduard (born 1967); married to Baroness Maria Theresia von Gudenus.
                • (81) Archduke Paul (born 2000)
              • (82) Archduke Father Paul (born 1968), a legionary of Christ priest

References

  1. ↑ Almanach de Gotha (142 ed.). Justus Perthes. 1905. p. 658.
  2. ↑ Wien, Haus-, Hof- und Staatsarchiv. Familienstatut. Familienurkunden 1839, Daran geheftet und durch Hängesiegel damit verbunden: Authentische Interpretation des Tit. I § 1 des Familienstatuts von 1839 ddo. 12. Juni 1900. jVienna. (German).
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 de Badts de Cugnac, Chantal. Coutant de Saisseval, Guy. Le Petit Gotha. Nouvelle Imprimerie Laballery, Paris 2002, pp. 169-275. French. ISBN 2-9507974-3-1.
  4. ↑ Enache, Nicolas. La Descendance de Marie-Therese de Habsburg. ICC, Paris, 1996. pp. 46-47. (French). ISBN 2-908003-04-X
  5. 1 2 3 Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser XVI. "Haus Österreich". C.A. Starke Verlag, 2001, pp. 87-90, 119-120, 563, 568-569, 577. ISBN 978-3-7980-0824-3.
  6. ↑ "Prince Weds Archduchess". New York Times. 11 February 1912. Retrieved 22 November 2011.
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