Sulitjelma
| Sulitjelma Sulisjielmmá | |
|---|---|
| Village | |
  Sulitjelma Location in Nordland | |
| Coordinates: 67°07′58″N 16°04′35″E / 67.13278°N 16.07639°ECoordinates: 67°07′58″N 16°04′35″E / 67.13278°N 16.07639°E | |
| Country | Norway |
| Region | Northern Norway |
| County | Nordland |
| District | Salten |
| Municipality | Fauske |
| Area[1] | |
| • Total | 0.53 km2 (0.20 sq mi) |
| Elevation[2] | 130 m (430 ft) |
| Population (2013)[1] | |
| • Total | 434 |
| • Density | 819/km2 (2,120/sq mi) |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+01:00) |
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+02:00) |
| Post Code | 8230 Sulitjelma |
Sulitjelma (Lule Sami: Sulisjielmmá, Swedish: Sulitelma) is a village in the municipality of Fauske in Nordland county, Norway. Sulitjelma is situated in a lush inland valley at an elevation of 140 metres (460 ft) above sea level. It is on the shore of Langvatnet lake. In addition, Låmivatnet, Kjelvatnet, and Muorkkejávrre lakes are nearby, east and south of the village.
Sultitjelma is virtually surrounded by mountains and glaciers. Sulitjelma is at the southern terminus of the Nordkalottruta hiking trail. There is a road connection to the town of Fauske, which is located 44 kilometres (27 mi) west. Winters in Sulitjelma have reliable snow cover and are on average 2 °C colder than in the town of Fauske. The village is the birthplace of academic Geir Lundestad. Sulitjelma Church and Sulitjelma Chapel are both located in the village.[3] There are many old mines in the area.
The 0.53-square-kilometre (130-acre) village has a population (2013) of 434. The population density is 819 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,120/sq mi).[1]
History
Archaeological finds of human occupation in the area date back more than a thousand years. The village originated as a Sámi settlement, who bred reindeer during summers through the end of the 16th century. Around 1848, the first Norwegians moved into the area to clear farms and to settle. In 1858, copper and sulfur were found in the area, and limited excavations were made. In 1887, the Swedish industrialist Nils Persson bought the mineral rights to those findings and the mining era began.[4]
Sulitelma Aktiebolag was founded in 1891 to mine the area's minerals. In addition to the mines themselves, there was also a plant for processing the ore, a smelting plant, a conveying plant, as well as all the other necessary service institutions needed to support the growing population of the community. By the early 20th century, it was the largest mining company in the country—and the second largest Norwegian industrial company. At its peak in 1913, the company had 1,750 employees.[4]
Over time it became necessary to go deeper into the mountain to reach the ore. This increased the cost of the operations. In 1983, the mining rights were inherited by the state, which operated the mines until 1991. In 1991, all mining in Sulitjelma was stopped as the costs of extraction became greater than the value of the ore on the market. The remaining ore deposits still constitute the largest known deposit of copper in Norway.[3][4]
The construction of the Sulitjelma Line railway began in May 1891 when the mining company in Sulitjelma decided to build a railway between Sjønstå and Fossen. The line was the first in Northern Norway. The expansion of the mine into the mountains at Fagerli began in 1912, and at the same time the railway gauge was increased from 750 millimetres (30 in) to 1,067 millimetres (42.0 in). The railroad line was closed on 22 July 1972. The tracks were removed and the former trackbed was converted into a roadway. Norwegian County Road 830 opened to traffic in 1975.[3]
References
- 1 2 3 Statistisk sentralbyrå (1 January 2013). "Urban settlements. Population and area, by municipality.".
- ↑ "Sulitjelma" (in Norwegian). yr.no. Retrieved 2012-04-03.
- 1 2 3 Store norske leksikon. "Sulitjelma" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2012-04-03.
- 1 2 3 "History". Salten.com - Sulitjelma. Retrieved 2012-04-03.
External links
- University of Tromsø: Architecture in Sulitjelma In English, with pictures