ICC World Twenty20

ICC World Twenty20

Administrator	International Cricket Council
Format	Twenty20 International
First tournament	2007
Next tournament	2020
Tournament format	Preliminary round Super 10 Play-offs
Number of teams	16
Current champion	West Indies (2nd title)
Most successful	West Indies (2 titles)
Most runs	Mahela Jayawardene (1016)[1]
Most wickets	Shahid Afridi (39)[2]

The ICC World Twenty20 (also referred to as the World T20, and colloquially as the T20 World Cup) is the international championship of Twenty20 cricket. Organised by cricket's governing body, the International Cricket Council (ICC), the tournament currently consists of 16 teams, comprising all ten ICC full members and six other associate or affiliate members chosen through the World Twenty20 Qualifier. The event has generally been held every two years, although there is a four-year gap between the next two scheduled tournaments (2016 in India and 2020 in Australia). All matches played are accorded Twenty20 International status.

Six tournaments have so far been played, and only the West Indies, who currently hold the title, has won the tournament on multiple occasions. The inaugural event, the 2007 World Twenty20, was staged in South Africa, and won by India, who defeated Pakistan in the final at the Wanderers Stadium in Johannesburg. The 2009 tournament took place in England, and was won by the previous runner-up, Pakistan, who defeated Sri Lanka in the final at Lord's. The third tournament was held in 2010, hosted by the countries making up the West Indies cricket team. England defeated Australia in the final in Barbados, which was played at Kensington Oval. The fourth tournament, the 2012 World Twenty20, was held in Asia for the first time, with all matches played in Sri Lanka. The West Indies won the tournament by defeating Sri Lanka in the final, winning its first international tournament since the 2004 Champions Trophy.^[3] The fifth tournament, the 2014 ICC World Twenty20, was hosted by Bangladesh, and was won by Sri Lanka, who became the first team to play in three finals. West Indies are the current World T20I holders, which is their second time to claim the title.

History

Background

When the Benson & Hedges Cup ended in 2002, the ECB needed another one day competition to fill its place. Cricketing authorities were looking to boost the game's popularity with the younger generation in response to dwindling crowds and reduced sponsorship. It was intended to deliver fast paced, exciting cricket accessible to thousands of fans who were put off by the longer versions of the game. Stuart Robertson, the marketing manager of the ECB, proposed a 20 over per innings game to county chairmen in 2001 and they voted 11–7 in favour of adopting the new format.^[4]

Regional tournaments

ICC World T20 2007 BAN vs RSA

The first official Twenty20 matches were played on 13 June 2003 between the English counties in the Twenty20 Cup.^[5] The first season of Twenty20 in England was a relative success, with the Surrey Lions defeating the Warwickshire Bears by 9 wickets in the final to claim the title.^[6] The first Twenty20 match held at Lord's, on 15 July 2004 between Middlesex and Surrey, attracted a crowd of 27,509, the largest attendance for any county cricket game at the ground other than a one-day final since 1953.^[7]

Soon after with the adoption of Twenty20 matches by other cricket boards, the popularity of the format grew with unexpected crowd attendance, new regional tournaments such as Pakistan's Faysal Bank T20 Cup and Stanford 20/20 tournament and the financial incentive in the format.

The West Indies regional teams competed in what was named the Stanford 20/20 tournament. The event was financially backed by convicted fraudster Allen Stanford, who gave at least US$28,000,000 funding money, the fruit of his massive Ponzi scheme. It was intended that the tournament would be an annual event. Guyana won the inaugural event, defeating Trinidad and Tobago by 5 wickets, securing US$1,000,000 in prize money.^[8][9] A spin-off tournament, the Stanford Super Series, was held in October 2008 between Middlesex and Trinidad and Tobago, the respective winners of the English and Caribbean Twenty20 competitions, and a Stanford Superstars team formed from West Indies domestic players; Trinidad and Tobago won the competition, securing US$280,000 prize money.^[10][11] On 1 November, the Stanford Superstars played England in what was expected to be the first of five fixtures in as many years with the winner claiming a US$20,000,000 in each match.^[12][13]

Twenty20 Internationals

On 17 February 2005 Australia defeated New Zealand in the first men's full international Twenty20 match, played at Eden Park in Auckland. The game was played in a light-hearted manner – both sides turned out in kit similar to that worn in the 1980s, the New Zealand team's a direct copy of that worn by the Beige Brigade. Some of the players also sported moustaches/beards and hair styles popular in the 1980s taking part in a competition amongst themselves for best retro look, at the request of the Beige Brigade. Australia won the game comprehensively, and as the result became obvious towards the end of the NZ innings, the players and umpires took things less seriously – Glenn McGrath jokingly replayed the Trevor Chappell underarm incident from a 1981 ODI between the two sides, and Billy Bowden showed him a mock red card (red cards are not normally used in cricket) in response.

Inaugural tournaments

Lasith Malinga bowling to Shahid Afridi in the 2009 Final at Lord's.

It was first decided that every two years an ICC World Twenty20 tournament is to take place, except in the event of an Cricket World Cup being scheduled in the same year, in which case it will be held the year before. The first tournament was in 2007 in South Africa where India defeated Pakistan in the final. Two Associate teams had played in the first tournament, selected through the 2007 ICC World Cricket League Division One, a 50-over competition. In December 2007 it was decided to hold a qualifying tournament with a 20-over format to better prepare the teams. With six participants, two would qualify for the 2009 World Twenty20 and would each receive $250,000 in prize money.^[14] The second tournament was won by Pakistan who beat Sri Lanka by 8 wickets in England on 21 June 2009. The 2010 ICC World Twenty20 tournament was held in West Indies in May 2010, where England defeated Australia by 7 wickets. The 2012 ICC World Twenty20 was won by the West-Indies, by defeating Sri Lanka at the finals. For the first time, a host nation competed in the final of the ICC World Twenty20. There were 12 participants for the title including Ireland and Afghanistan as 2012 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier. It was the first time the T20 World Cup tournament took place in an Asian country.

Expansion to 16 teams

The 2012 edition was to be expanded into a 16 team format however this was reverted to 12.^[15] The 2014 tournament, held in Bangladesh was the first to feature 16 teams including all ten full members and six associate members who qualified through the 2013 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier. However the top eight full member teams in the ICC T20I Championship rankings on 8 October 2012 were given a place in the Super 10 stage. The remaining eight teams competed in the group stage, from which two teams advance to the Super 10 stage.^[16][17] Three new teams (Nepal, Hong Kong and UAE) made their debut in this tournament.

Format

Qualification

All ICC full members qualify automatically for the tournament, with the remaining places filled by other ICC members through a qualification tournament, known as the World Twenty20 Qualifier. Qualification for the inaugural 2007 World Twenty20 came from the results of the first cycle of the World Cricket League, a 50-over league for ICC associate and affiliate members. The two finalists of the 2007 WCL Division One tournament, Kenya and Scotland, qualified for the World Twenty20 later in the year. A separate qualification tournament was implemented for the 2009 World Twenty20, and has been retained since then. The number of teams qualifying through the World Twenty20 Qualifier has varied, however, ranging from two (in 2010 and 2012) to six (in 2014 and 2016).

Final tournament

In each group stage (both the preliminary round and the Super 10 round), teams are ranked against each other based on the following criteria:^[18]

1. Higher number of points
2. If equal, higher number of wins
3. If still equal, higher net run rate
4. If still equal, lower bowling strike rate
5. If still equal, result of head to head meeting.

In case of a tie (that is, both teams scoring the same number of runs at the end of their respective innings), a Super Over would decide the winner. In the case of a tie occurring again in the Super Over, the match is won by the team that has scored the most sixes in their innings. This is applicable in all stages of the tournament, having been implemented during the 2009 tournament. During the 2007 tournament, a bowl-out was used to decide the loser of tied matches.^[19]

Hosts

The International Cricket Council's executive committee votes for the hosts of the tournament after examining bids from the nations which have expressed an interest in holding the event. After South Africa in 2007, England, West Indies and Sri Lanka hosted the tournament in 2009, 2010 and 2012 respectively. The last tournament was hosted by Bangladesh in 2014.^[20] India will host the 2016 tournament.^[21]

In December 2015, Tim Anderson, the ICC's head of global development, suggested that a future tournament be hosted by the United States. He believed that hosting the event could help spur growth of the game in the country, where it is relatively obscure and faces competition by other sports such as baseball.^[22]

Results

Year	Host(s)	Final venue	Final
			Winner	Result	Runner-up
2007 Details	South Africa	Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg	India 157/5 (20 overs)	India won by 5 runs Scorecard	Pakistan 152 all out (19.4 overs)
2009 Details	England	Lord's Cricket Ground, London	Pakistan 139/2 (18.4 overs)	Pakistan won by 8 wickets Scorecard	Sri Lanka 138/6 (20 overs)
2010 Details	West Indies	Kensington Oval, Bridgetown, Barbados	England 148/3 (17 overs)	England won by 7 wickets Scorecard	Australia 147/6 (20 overs)
2012 Details	Sri Lanka	R Premadasa Stadium, Colombo	West Indies 137/6 (20 overs)	West Indies won by 36 runs Scorecard	Sri Lanka 101 all out (18.4 overs)
2014 Details	Bangladesh	Sher-e-Bangla Stadium, Dhaka	Sri Lanka 134/4 (17.5 overs)	Sri Lanka won by 6 wickets Scorecard	India 130/4 (20 overs)
2016 Details	India	Eden Gardens, Kolkata	West Indies 161/6 (19.4 overs)	West Indies won by 4 wickets Scorecard	England 155/9 (20 overs)
2020 Details	Australia

Performance of teams

Team	Appearances			Best result	Statistics[23]
	Total	First	Latest		Played	Won	Lost	Tie	NR	Win%
West Indies	6	2007	2016	Champions (2012, 2016)	31	17	12	1(1)	1	58.33
Sri Lanka	6	2007	2016	Champions (2014)	35	22	12	1(1)	0	64.28
India	6	2007	2016	Champions (2007)	33	20	11	1(1)	1	64.06
Pakistan	6	2007	2016	Champions (2009)	34	19	14	1(0)	0	57.35
England	6	2007	2016	Champions (2010)	32	15	16	0	1	48.38
Australia	6	2007	2016	Runner-up (2010)	29	16	13	0	0	55.17
South Africa	6	2007	2016	Semi-final (2009, 2014)	30	18	12	0	0	60.00
New Zealand	6	2007	2016	Semi-final (2007, 2016)	30	15	13	2(0)	0	53.33
Netherlands	3	2007	2016	2nd round (2014)	12	5	6	0	1	45.45
Afghanistan	4	2010	2016	2nd round (2016)	14	5	9	0	0	35.71
Ireland	5	2009	2016	2nd round (2009)	15	3	9	0	3	25.00
Bangladesh	6	2007	2016	2nd round (2007, 2014, 2016)	25	5	19	0	1	20.83
Nepal	1	2014	2014	1st round (2014)	3	2	1	0	0	66.66
Oman	1	2016	2016	1st round (2016)	3	1	1	0	1	50.00
Zimbabwe	5	2007	2016	1st round (2007, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016)	12	5	7	0	0	41.66
Hong Kong	2	2014	2016	1st round (2014, 2016)	6	1	5	0	0	16.66
Scotland	3	2007	2016	1st round (2007, 2009, 2016)	7	1	5	0	1	16.66
Kenya	1	2007	2007	1st round (2007)	2	0	2	0	0	0.00
UAE	1	2014	2014	1st round (2014)	3	0	3	0	0	0.00

Note:

• The number in bracket indicates number of wins in tied matches by Super Overs and bowl outs, however these are considered half a win regardless of the result. The win percentage excludes no results and counts ties (irrespective of a tiebreaker) as half a win.
• Teams are sorted by best performance, then winning percentage, then (if equal) by alphabetical order

Team results by tournament

The ICC does not adjudicate rankings but only rounds a team achieves e.g. Semis, round one etc. The table below provides an overview of the performances of teams in the ICC World Twenty20.

Legend

• C — Champions
• RU — Runners-up
• SF — Semi-finalist
• R2 — Round 2 (Super 8s, Super 10s)
• R1 — Round 1 (Group stage)
•  ••  — Qualified but withdrew
•  •  — Did not qualify
•  ×  — Did not enter / Withdrew

The team ranking in each tournament is according to ICC. For each tournament, the number of teams in each finals tournament (in brackets) are shown.

Team	2007 (12)	2009 (12)	2010 (12)	2012 (12)	2014 (16)	2016 (16)	2020 (16)	Total
Afghanistan	×	×	R1	R1	R1	R2		4
Australia	SF	R1	RU	SF	R2	R2		6
Bangladesh	R2	R1	R1	R1	R2	R2		6
England	R2	R2	C	R2	R2	RU		6
Hong Kong	×	×	×	•	R1	R1		2
India	C	R2	R2	R2	RU	SF		6
Ireland	•	R2	R1	R1	R1	R1		5
Kenya	R1	•	•	•	•	•		1
Nepal	×	×	×	•	R1	•		1
Netherlands	•	R1	•	•	R2	R1		3
New Zealand	SF	R2	R2	R2	R2	SF		6
Oman	×	×	×	•	•	R1		1
Pakistan	RU	C	SF	SF	R2	R2		6
Scotland	R1	R1	•	•	•	R1		3
South Africa	R2	SF	R2	R2	SF	R2		6
Sri Lanka	R2	RU	SF	RU	C	R2		6
United Arab Emirates	×	×	•	•	R1	•		1
West Indies	R1	SF	R2	C	SF	C		6
Zimbabwe	R1	••	R1	R1	R1	R1		5

Debut of teams

Team appearing for the first time, in alphabetical order per year.

Year	Debutants	Total
2007	Australia,  Bangladesh,  England,  India,  Kenya,  New Zealand,  Pakistan,  Scotland,  South Africa,  Sri Lanka,  West Indies,  Zimbabwe	12
2009	Ireland,  Netherlands	2
2010	Afghanistan	1
2012	none	0
2014	Hong Kong,    Nepal,  United Arab Emirates	3
2016	Oman	1
2020	TBD	TBD
Total		19

Statistics and records

See also

• List of Twenty20 International records

References

1. Records - ICC World Twenty20 - Most Runs Cricinfo
2. Records - ICC World Twenty20 - Most Wickets in a career Cricinfo
3. "Samuels special the spur for epic West Indies win". Wisden India. 7 October 2012.
4. Newman, Paul; Meet the man who invented Twenty20 cricket – the man missing out on millions; Daily Mail; 11 June 2008. Retrieved 6 January 2009
5. Matches played 13 June 2003 ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 9 June 2008
6. Twenty20 Cup, 2003, Final – Surrey v Warwickshire ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 9 June 2008
7. Weaver, Paul (25 May 2009). "Usman Afzaal gives Surrey winning start but absent fans fuel concerns". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
8. "Guyana crowned Stanford 20/20 champions". ESPNcricinfo. 14 August 2006.
9. "Dates for Stanford Twenty20 announced". The Jamaica Observer. 9 February 2006.
10. "Udal leads Middlesex for Stanford". ESPNcricinfo. 3 October 2008. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
11. McGlashan, Andrew (27 October 2008). "Ramdin leads T&T to big-money glory". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
12. McGlashan, Andrew (1 November 2008). "Gayle leads Superstars to millions". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
13. "US tycoon charged over $8bn fraud". BBC News. 17 February 2009. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
14. "ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier to be held in Ireland". ESPNcricinfo. 13 December 2007. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
15. "ICC approves Test championship". Espncricinfo. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
16. "West Indies to start World T20 title defence against India". ICC. 27 October 2013. Retrieved 27 October 2013.
17. "BCB promises stellar T20 WC". The Daily Star. 7 April 2013. Retrieved 9 April 2013.
18. Final WorldTwenty20 Playing conditions, ICC World Twenty20, retrieved 12 September 2007
19. Playing conditions, ICC World Twenty20, retrieved 12 September 2008
20. Bangladesh to host World Twenty20 2014 Cricinfo, retrieved 1 July 2010
21. "For next five years, all T20 action in subcontinent". The Times of India. 18 March 2011.
22. "International Cricket Council Targets World Twenty20 on United States Soil: Report". NDTV Sports. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
23. "Records / ICC World T20 / Result Summary". ESPNCricinfo. 16 March 2014.

External links

• Official Twenty20 ICC World Cup website