Table of neurotransmitter actions in the ANS

Circulatory system

Heart

Target	Sympathetic (adrenergic)	Parasympathetic (muscarinic)
cardiac output	β1, (β2): increases	M2: decreases
SA node: heart rate (chronotropic)	β1, (β2):[1] increases	M2: decreases
Atrial cardiac muscle: contractility (inotropic)	β1, (β2):[1] increases	M2: decreases
at AV node	β1: increases conduction increases cardiac muscle automaticity[1]	M2: decreases conduction Atrioventricular block[1]
Ventricular cardiac muscle	β1, (β2): increases contractility (inotropic) increases cardiac muscle automaticity[1]	---

Blood vessels

Target	Sympathetic (adrenergic)	Parasympathetic (muscarinic)
vascular smooth muscle in general	α1:[2] contracts; β2:[2] relaxes	M3: relaxes[1]
renal artery	α1:[3] constricts	---
larger coronary arteries	α1 and α2:[4] constricts[1]	---
smaller coronary arteries	β2: dilates[5]	---
arteries to viscera	α: constricts	---
arteries to skin	α: constricts	---
arteries to brain	α1:[6] constricts[1]	---
arteries to erectile tissue	α1:[7] constricts	M3: dilates
arteries to salivary glands	α: constricts	M3: dilates
hepatic artery	β2: dilates	---
arteries to skeletal muscle	β2: dilates	---
Veins	α1 and α2:[8] constricts β2: dilates	---

Other

Target	Sympathetic (adrenergic)	Parasympathetic (muscarinic)
platelets	α2: aggregates	---
mast cells - histamine	β2: inhibits	---

Respiratory system

Target	Sympathetic (adrenergic)	Parasympathetic (muscarinic)
smooth muscles of bronchioles*	β2:[2] relaxes (major contribution) α1: contracts (minor contribution)	M3:[2] contracts

^✱ The bronchioles have no sympathetic innervation, but are instead affected by circulating adrenaline^[1]

Visual system

Target	Sympathetic (adrenergic)	Parasympathetic (muscarinic)
Pupil dilator muscle	α1: Dilates (causes mydriasis)
Iris sphincter muscle	-	M3: contracts (causes miosis)
Ciliary muscle	β2: relaxes (causes long-range focus)	M3: contracts (causes short-range focus)

Digestive system

Target	Sympathetic (adrenergic)	Parasympathetic (muscarinic)
salivary glands: secretions	β: stimulates viscous, amylase secretions α1: stimulates potassium secretions	M3: stimulates watery secretions
lacrimal glands (tears)	β: stimulates protein secretion[9]	secretion of tears by stimulating muscarinic receptors (M3)
juxtaglomerular apparatus of kidney	β1:[2] renin secretion	---
parietal cells	---	M1: Gastric acid secretion
liver	α1, β2: glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis	---
adipose cells	β1,[2] β3: stimulates lipolysis	---
GI tract (smooth muscle) motility	α1, α2,[10] β2: decreases	M3, (M1):[1] increases
sphincters of GI tract	α1,[2] α2,[1] β2: contracts	M3:[2] relaxes
glands of GI tract	no effect[1]	M3: secretes

Endocrine system

Target	Sympathetic (adrenergic)	Parasympathetic (muscarinic)
pancreas (islets)	α2: decreases insulin secretion from beta cells, increases glucagon secretion from alpha cells	M3:[11][12] increases secretion of both insulin and glucagon.[11][12]
adrenal medulla	N (nicotinic ACh receptor): secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine	---

Urinary system

Target	Sympathetic (adrenergic)	Parasympathetic (muscarinic)
Detrusor urinae muscle of bladder wall	β2,[2] β3:[13] relaxes	M3:[2] contracts
internal urethral sphincter	α1:[2] contracts	M3:[2] relaxes

Reproductive system

Target	Sympathetic (adrenergic)	Parasympathetic (muscarinic)
uterus	α1: contracts (pregnant[1]) β2: relaxes (non-pregnant[1])	---
genitalia	α1: contracts (ejaculation)	M3: erection

Integumentary system

Target	Sympathetic (muscarinic and adrenergic)	Parasympathetic
sweat gland secretions	α1: stimulates (minor contribution)	M:[2] stimulates (major contribution)
arrector pili	α1: stimulates	---

References

1. Rang, Dale, Ritter & Moore (2003). Pharmacology 5th ed. Churchill Livingstone. p. 127. ISBN 0-443-07145-4.
2. Costanzo, Linda S. (2007). Physiology. Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 37. ISBN 0-7817-7311-3.
3. Schmitz, JM; Graham, RM; Sagalowsky, A; Pettinger, WA (1981). "Renal alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenergic receptors: Biochemical and pharmacological correlations". The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 219 (2): 400–6. PMID 6270306.
4. Woodman, OL; Vatner, SF (1987). "Coronary vasoconstriction mediated by alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptors in conscious dogs". The American journal of physiology 253 (2 Pt 2): H388–93. PMID 2887122.
5. Rang, H. P. (2003). Pharmacology. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. p. 270. ISBN 0-443-07145-4.
6. Circulation & Lung Physiology I M.A.S.T.E.R. Learning Program, UC Davis School of Medicine
7. Morton, J S; Daly, C J; Jackson, V M; McGrath, J C (2009). "Α1A-Adrenoceptors mediate contractions to phenylephrine in rabbit penile arteries". British Journal of Pharmacology 150 (1): 112–20. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706956. PMC 2013850. PMID 17115072.
8. Elliott, J. (1997). "Alpha-adrenoceptors in equine digital veins: Evidence for the presence of both alpha1 and alpha2-receptors mediating vasoconstriction". Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 20 (4): 308–17. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2885.1997.00078.x. PMID 9280371.
9. Mauduit, P; Herman, G; Rossignol, B (1984). "Protein secretion induced by isoproterenol or pentoxifylline in lacrimal gland: Ca2+ effects". The American journal of physiology 246 (1 Pt 1): C37–44. PMID 6320658.
10. Sagrada, A; Fargeas, M J; Bueno, L (1987). "Involvement of alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptors in the postlaparotomy intestinal motor disturbances in the rat". Gut 28 (8): 955–9. doi:10.1136/gut.28.8.955. PMC 1433140. PMID 2889649.
11. Poretsky, Leonid (2010). "Parasympathetic Nerves". Principles of diabetes mellitu. New York: Springer. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-387-09840-1.
12. Duttaroy, A.; Zimliki, C. L.; Gautam, D.; Cui, Y.; Mears, D.; Wess, J. (2004). "Muscarinic Stimulation of Pancreatic Insulin and Glucagon Release is Abolished in M3 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Deficient Mice". Diabetes 53 (7): 1714–20. doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.7.1714. PMID 15220195.
13. Kullmann, F. A.; Limberg, B. J.; Artim, D. E.; Shah, M.; Downs, T. R.; Contract, D.; Wos, J.; Rosenbaum, J. S.; De Groat, W. C. (2009). "Effects of 3-Adrenergic Receptor Activation on Rat Urinary Bladder Hyperactivity Induced by Ovariectomy". Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 330 (3): 704–17. doi:10.1124/jpet.109.155010. PMC 2729793. PMID 19515967.