Teluk Cenderawasih National Park

Teluk Cenderawasih National Park
IUCN category II (national park)
Teluk Cenderawasih NP
Location	West Papua, Indonesia
Nearest city	Manokwari
Coordinates	2°30′S 134°38′E / 2.500°S 134.633°E / -2.500; 134.633Coordinates: 2°30′S 134°38′E / 2.500°S 134.633°E / -2.500; 134.633
Area	14,535 km²
Established	2002
Governing body	Ministry of Forestry

Teluk Cenderawasih National Park is the largest marine national park of Indonesia, located in Cenderawasih Bay, south-east of Bird's Head Peninsula. It includes the islands of Mioswaar, Nusrowi, Roon, Rumberpon and Yoop.^[1] The park protects a rich marine ecosystem, with over 150 recorded coral species, for which it is considered a potential World Heritage Site.^[2]

Flora and fauna

Parrotfish, one of over 200 fish species recorded in the National Park

Extending over 14,535 km², the national park includes coastal and mangrove ecosystems (0.9%), coral reefs (5.5%), island tropical forest ecosystems (3.8%), and marine waters (89.8%). Some 46 species of plant have been recorded on the islands, dominated by Bruguiera and Avicennia species, Nypa fruticans, Metroxylon sagu, Casuarina equisetifolia, and Terminalia catappa.^[1]

The coral reef ecosystem forms part of the Coral Triangle region. In the park, 150 species of coral have been recorded, consisting of 15 families and distributed on the shores of 18 islands. Among these are colonies of blue coral, black coral, Leptoseris species, Mycedium elephantotus, and Alcyonacea or soft corals. The percentage of live coral coverage varies from between 30-40% to 64-65%.^[1]

Over 200 fish species inhabit the park, among them butterflyfish, damselfish, parrotfish, rabbitfish, clownfish and sharks. Species of mollusc include cowry, Strombidae, Lambis species, Charonia tritonis, and giant clam.^[1]

Four species of turtle are common in the park: the hawksbill turtle, green turtle, Olive Ridley turtle, and leatherback turtle. Mammals include dugong, blue whale and dolphins.^[1]

Human habitation

About 14,000 people live in 72 villages within the park. Several Austronesian languages are spoken in the area, which form part of the Cenderawasih languages branch and include: Wandamen, Dusner, Meoswar, Roon and Yeretuar.^[3] Most of the park is part of Teluk Wondama Regency of West Papua province, while the eastern part is in Nabire Regency of Papua province.^[4]

Conservation

In 1990, the area was designated as Teluk Cendrawasih Marine Nature Reserve. The National Park was designated in 1993 and declared in 2002. The park is managed by Balai Taman Nasional with a personnel of 106.^[4]

References

1 2 3 4 5 Ministry of Forestry: Teluk Cenderawasih NP, retrieved 11 May 2010
↑ UNEP: A Global Overview of Wetland and Marine Protected Areas on the World Heritage List, retrieved 11 May 2010
↑ Ethnologue, retrieved 11 May 2010
1 2 Statistik Balai Taman Nasional Teluk Cenderawasih 2006, (Indonesian) retrieved 11 May 2010

National parks of Indonesia

Bali and Nusa Tenggara	Bali Barat Gunung Rinjani Kelimutu Komodo Laiwangi Wanggameti Manupeu Tanah Daru

Java	Alas Purwo Baluran Bromo Tengger Semeru Gunung Ciremai Gunung Gede Pangrango Gunung Halimun Gunung Merapi Gunung Merbabu Karimunjawa Kepulauan Seribu Meru Betiri Ujung Kulon

Kalimantan	Betung Kerihun Bukit Baka Bukit Raya Danau Sentarum Gunung Palung Kayan Mentarang Kutai Sabangau Tanjung Puting

Maluku and Papua	Aketajawe-Lolobata Lorentz Manusela Teluk Cenderawasih Wasur

Sulawesi	Bantimurung-Bulusaraung Bogani Nani Wartabone Bunaken Kepulauan Togean Lore Lindu Rawa Aopa Watumohai Taka Bone Rate Wakatobi

Sumatra	Batang Gadis Berbak Bukit Barisan Selatan Bukit Duabelas Bukit Tigapuluh Gunung Leuser Kerinci Seblat Sembilang Siberut Tesso Nilo Way Kambas

Tourist attractions in Indonesia

Sumatra	Ampera Bridge Baiturrahman Grand Mosque Barelang Bridge Bintan Island Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park Gunongan Historical Park Jam Gadang Kerinci Seblat National Park Krakatoa Lagundri Bay Lake Maninjau Lake Singkarak Lake Toba Lumbini Natural Park Maimun Palace Mentawai Islands Regency Nias Pagaruyung Palace Penyengat Island Sipura Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra

Java	Ancol Dreamland Anyer Arjuno-Welirang Batu City Bogor Palace Borobudur Cukang Taneuh Dieng Volcanic Complex Ceto Temple G-Land Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park Ijen Crater Istiqlal Mosque Karimunjawa National Park Kawah Putih Keraton Kasepuhan Kraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Malang Mount Bromo Mount Merapi Mount Semeru Mrapen Pangandaran Patenggang Lake Pelabuhan Ratu Penataran Prambanan Puncak Ragunan Zoo Sangiran Suramadu Bridge Taman Mini Indonesia Indah Tangkuban Perahu Thousand Islands Tirto Samodra Beach Tretes Trowulan Yogyakarta City Ujung Kulon National Park

Kalimantan	Betung Kerihun National Park Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park Danau Sentarum National Park Derawan Islands Kakaban Kutai National Park Sabangau National Park Samboja Lestari Tanjung Puting The Equator monument

Sulawesi	Bantimurung – Bulusaraung National Park Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park Bunaken National Park Kepulauan Togean National Park Lake Tempe Lore Lindu National Park Rawa Aopa Watumohai National Park Taka Bone Rate National Park Toraja Trans Studio Makassar Wakatobi National Park

Lesser Sunda Islands	Awang Bay Bedugul Bali Bird Park Bali Safari and Marine Park Canggu Cempi Bay Dreamland Beach Garuda Wisnu Kencana Gili Air Gili Meno Gili Trawangan Goa Gajah Gunung Rinjani National Park Jimbaran Kelimutu Kintamani Komodo National Park Kuta Lake Segara Anak Lovina Beach Mount Rinjani Mount Tambora Moyo Island Nusa Dua Nusa Lembongan Pecatu Rinca Sanur Seminyak Senggigi Tampaksiring Tanah Lot Tanjung Ringgit Tirta Gangga Ubud Ujung Water Palace Uluwatu

Maluku and Papua	Fort Belgica Lorentz National Park Puncak Jaya Raja Ampat Islands Teluk Cenderawasih National Park Wasur National Park

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