Death of a Naturalist

Death of a Naturalist

First Edition
Author Seamus Heaney
Language English
Publisher Faber and Faber
Publication date
 1966
Media type Print
Pages 58 pp
ISBN 0-571-06665-8
OCLC 4686783
Followed by Door into the Dark

Death of a Naturalist (1966) is a collection of poems written by Seamus Heaney, who received the 1995 Nobel Prize in Literature. The collection was Heaney's first major published volume, and includes ideas that he had presented at meetings of The Belfast Group. Death of a Naturalist won the Cholmondeley Award, the Gregory Award, the Somerset Maugham Award, and the Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize.

The work consists of 34 short poems and is largely concerned with childhood experiences and the formulation of adult identities, family relationships, and rural life. The collection begins with one of Heaney's best-known poems, "Digging", and includes the acclaimed "Death of a Naturalist" and "Mid-Term Break".

Poems

From Mid-term Break

Wearing a poppy bruise on his left temple,
He lay in the four foot box as in his cot.
No gaudy scars, the bumper knocked him clear.

   

“
”

from "Mid-term break",
Death of a Naturalist (1966)

"Death of a Naturalist," the collection's second poem, details the exploits of a young boy collecting frogspawn from a flax-dam. The narrator remembers everything he saw and felt at those times. He then remembers his teacher telling him all about frogs in a section that speaks volumes about childhood innocence. Finally, we hear about a trip to the flax-dam that went wrong. He feels threatened by the frogs and flees. His interest in nature has gone – this is the death of a "naturalist" suggested in the poem's title. The poem makes extensive use of onomatopoeia and a simile that compares the behaviour of the amphibians to warfare ("Some sat poised like mud grenades") amongst other techniques.

"Mid-Term Break" is a reflection on the death of Heaney's four-year-old brother, Christopher, while Heaney was at school.[1] He describes his parents' different ways of displaying grief, visitors paying their respects, and his encounter of his brother's corpse in its coffin the next morning.[1] The poem focuses on concrete particulars of Heaney's experience and "captures a boy’s unfolding consciousness of death."[1] The final line ("A four foot box, a foot for every year.") emphasizes death's finality.[1]

"Digging" is one of Heaney's most read poems. It addresses themes of time and history and the cyclical nature of the two through the narrators characterization of his father digging in the bog on their family farm. He admires his father's skill and relationship to the spade, but states that he will dig with his pen instead. This is significant as it demonstrates Heaney's ownership of his occupation as a poet and names his pen as his primary and most powerful tool. While excavating the mental bog of his mind by writing, Heaney believes he can gain a better understanding of the history living in the land around him, and a better understanding of himself.

From Digging

Between my finger and my thumb
The squat pen rests.
I’ll dig with it.
   

“
”

from "Digging",
Death of a Naturalist (1966)

"Personal Helicon" is the final poem in Heaney's first collection. Helicon refers to the mountain in greek mythology where the muses were located, however Heaney's Helicon is a well indicating that his inspiration comes from within the earth rather than above it. This theme resonates across his work whether in the poem "Digging" or the later Bog Poems. He also states that circles back to the theme of writing stating that he rhymes "to see myself" echoing the common theme found in the poem "Digging" that the he will use poetry to understand the depths of the well and his reflection within it.

Reception

Death of a Naturalist was received with mostly positive reviews and helped Heaney gain recognition on an international scale. Several of the poems had been published previously in pamphlets like "Eleven Poems" (1965) and gained attention with reviews in the Belfast Telegraph, Death of a Naturalist received over 30 noteworthy reviews in Ireland, England and the United States. Fellow poets Michael Longley and Brendan Kennelly also praised Heaney's work. Critics generally remarked on Heaney's skillful use of metaphor and language as well as his attention to detail and rural imagery.[2] Some reviewers found the volume a bit superfluous, John Unterecker of the New York Times Book Review stated that he found some poems possessed, "a wit that is sometimes heavy-handed".[3]

Contents

Further reading

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Heaney, Seamus: "Mid-Term Break"
  2. ↑ Brandes, Rand (March 1994). "Secondary Sources: A Gloss on the Critical Reception of Seamus Heaney 1965-1993". The Colby Quarterly 30 (1).
  3. ↑ Unterecker, John. "Death of a Naturalist". New York Times.
  4. ↑ Cañadas, Ivan. “Working Nation(s)
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