The Platters

"Platters" redirects here. For the food cart located in New York City, see The Halal Guys.
The Platters

The Platters performing in their early years. From left to right: Reed, Williams, Taylor, Lynch (on his knee), and Robi.
Background information
Origin Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Genres Rhythm and blues, soul, rock and roll, doo-wop
Years active 1954–1970 (original band)
1970–present
Labels Federal Records, Mercury, Musicor Records, Antler Records

The Platters was an American vocal group. They were one of the most successful vocal groups of the early rock and roll era. Their distinctive sound was a bridge between the pre-rock Tin Pan Alley tradition and the burgeoning new genre. The act went through several personnel changes, with the most successful incarnation comprising lead tenor Tony Williams, David Lynch, Paul Robi, Herb Reed, and Zola Taylor. The group had 40 charting singles on the Billboard Hot 100 chart between 1955 and 1967, including four no. 1 hits. The Platters were one of the first African American groups to be accepted as a major chart group and were, for a period of time, the most successful vocal group in the world.[1]

Band formation and early years

The Platters formed in Los Angeles in 1952[2] and were initially managed by Ralph Bass. The original group consisted of Alex Hodge, Cornell Gunter, David Lynch, Joe Jefferson, Gaynel Hodge and Herb Reed.[3] Reed created the group's name.[4]

In June 1953, Gunter was replaced by lead vocalist Tony Williams. The band then released two singles with Federal Records, under the management of Bass, but found little success. The band then met music entrepreneur and songwriter Buck Ram. Ram made some changes to the lineup, most notably the addition of female vocalist Zola Taylor; later, Hodge was replaced by Paul Robi.[5] Under Ram's guidance, the Platters recorded eight songs for Federal in the R&B/gospel style, scoring a few minor regional hits on the West Coast, and backed Williams' sister, Linda Hayes. One song recorded during their Federal tenure, "Only You (And You Alone)", originally written by Ram[6] for the Ink Spots, was deemed unreleasable by the label,[7] though copies of this early version do exist.

Despite their lack of chart success, the Platters were a profitable touring group, successful enough that the Penguins, coming off their #8 single "Earth Angel", asked Ram to manage them as well. With the Penguins in hand, Ram was able to parlay Mercury Records' interest into a 2-for-1 deal. To sign the Penguins, Ram insisted, Mercury also had to take the Platters.[6] The Penguins would never have a hit for the label.[8]

Charting hits

Convinced by Jean Bennett and Tony Williams that "Only You" had potential, Ram had the Platters re-record the song during their first session for Mercury. Released in the summer of 1955, it became the group's first Top Ten hit on the pop charts and topped the R&B charts for seven weeks. The follow-up, "The Great Pretender", with lyrics written in the washroom of the Flamingo Hotel in Las Vegas by Buck Ram,[6] exceeded the success of their debut and became the Platters' first national #1 hit. "The Great Pretender" was also the act's biggest R&B hit, with an 11-week run atop that chart. In 1956, the Platters appeared in the first major motion picture based around rock and roll, Rock Around the Clock, and performed both "Only You" and "The Great Pretender".[9]

The Platters' unique vocal style had touched a nerve in the music-buying public, and a string of hit singles followed, including three more national #1 hits and more modest chart successes such as "I'm Sorry" (#11) and "He's Mine" (#23) in 1957, "Enchanted" (#12) in 1959, and "The Magic Touch"[6] (#4) in 1956. The Platters soon hit upon the successful formula of updating older standards, such as "My Prayer",[6] "Twilight Time", "Harbor Lights", "To Each His Own", "If I Didn't Care", and Jerome Kern's "Smoke Gets in Your Eyes".[10] This latter release caused a small controversy after Kern's widow expressed concern that her late husband's composition would be turned into a "rock and roll" record. It topped both the American and British charts in a Platters-style arrangement.

The Platters also differed from most other groups of the era because Ram had the group incorporated in 1956. Each member of the group received a 20% share in the stock, full royalties, and their Social Security was paid. As group members left one by one, Ram and his business partner, Jean Bennett, bought their stock, which they claimed gave them ownership of the "Platters" name. A court later ruled, however, that “FPI was a sham used by Mr. Ram to obtain ownership in the name ‘Platters’, and FPI’s issuance of stock to the group members was ‘illegal and void’ because it violated California corporate securities law.”[11]

The group was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1990 and into the Vocal Group Hall of Fame in its inaugural year of 1998. The Platters were the first rock and roll group to have a Top Ten album in America. They were also the only act to have three songs included on the American Graffiti soundtrack that fueled an oldies revival already underway in the early to mid-1970s: "Smoke Gets in Your Eyes", "The Great Pretender", and "Only You (and You Alone)".

Changing line-up

The group's line-up has changed many times. The line-up in 1953 included lead vocalist Cornell Gunter, Herb Reed, Alex Hodge, Joe Jefferson, and David Lynch. Soon, Gunter was replaced by tenor Tony Williams.

The band's second manager Ram decided to build the group around Williams's distinctive and versatile voice and his ability to bring life to Ram's songs.[10] Within a year, Hodge and Jefferson were also out and replaced by Paul Robi[5] and a female, Zola Taylor. The details of baritone Hodge's departure are muddy; author Peter A. Grendysa says Hodge was fired by Ram in October 1954 after having been accused of possession of marijuana,[12] Bookers and the record company were told that Hodge was let go for bouncing a fifteen-dollar check.[13] The resulting line-up, the one remembered for the group's biggest and most lasting hits, lasted until 1960.

As a group, the Platters began to have difficulties with the public after 1959, when the four male members were arrested in Cincinnati on drug and prostitution charges. Reed said he lost contact with Taylor shortly after this time.[14] Although no one was convicted, their professional reputation was seriously damaged and US radio stations started removing their records from playlists,[15] forcing the group to rely more heavily on European bookings.

In 1960, lead vocalist Williams left to pursue a solo career, and was replaced by tenor Sonny Turner. Mercury refused to issue further Platters releases without Williams on lead vocals, provoking a lawsuit between the label and manager Ram. The label spent two years releasing old Williams-era material until the group's contract lapsed. Singer Jack Hammer, who co-wrote several songs including "Great Balls of Fire", also performed with the group.

The group's line-up splintered further: in 1964 Taylor left[16] and was consecutively replaced by Beverly Hansen Harris,[17] Barbara Randolph and, in 1965, by Sandra Dawn. 1965 also saw the departure of Robi,[18] who was replaced by Nate Nelson, former lead voice of the Flamingos.

This splintering of the group's line-up led to wrangling over the Platters' name, with injunctions, non-compete clauses and multiple versions of the act touring at the same time. Williams, Robi and Taylor led their own Platters' groups and, for a short while, Taylor, Robi and Lynch joined forces as "The Original Platters" with Williams-clone Johnny Barnes as their lead singer.

To distinguish his group from the offshoots started by former members, Ram added his name to that of the group. The "Buck Ram Platters", built to showcase his songs, were signed to Musicor Records and enjoyed a short chart renaissance in 1966–67, with the comeback singles "I Love You 1000 Times", "With This Ring", and the Motown-influenced "Washed Ashore". Sonny Turner sang the lead on these three records, with Reed, Lynch, Nelson, and Dawn completing the group.[19] Nelson left the group in 1967. Dawn, who left in 1969, was replaced by Regina Koco, who stayed with the group until 1983.[20]

Also in 1969, Reed, the final member of the original Platters, resigned from the group. Reed eventually led an "official" Platters group under license from the Five Platters, Inc. Nelson also worked with this group until suffering a fatal heart attack in 1984.

After Reed's departure, Ram continued to promote his own Platters group.[21] Turner left in 1970 (to form his own Platters group) and was replaced by Monroe Powell, who remained a constant member from 1970 to 1995, amid many other line-up changes. Tony Williams formed his version of the Platters in 1971 and announced a worldwide tour.[22] In 1995 a dispute between Powell and manager Jean Bennett (who had purchased Personality Productions, the booking/management arm of the Platters' business, from Ram in 1966) led to the two parting ways. At the time, the group's line-up was in limbo, leaving one person, Kenn Johnson, as the only other group member. Powell and Johnson continue touring as "the Platters", with Bennett hiring five new singers to be the "Buck Ram Platters", with lead Myles Savage.[23]

Despite Ram and Bennett's assertions, it was later determined that Five Platters Inc., and Jean Bennett never had legitimate rights to the "Platters" name.[24][25]

Legal battles

A profusion of legal challenges ensued among the many groups of Platters. Those looking to hear the classic lineup of songs had their pick of approved, disputed, and ersatz Platters, including Sonny Turner's, Zola Taylor's, Ritchie Jones' (member 1984–85), Milton Bullock's (member 1967–70), Paul Robi's (managed by his widow), Jean Bennett's "Buck Ram Platters", Monroe Powell's, Herb Reed's, and several other groups with no current ties to the original group. Many had once contained former members who were now retired or deceased.

Powell, who had been touring under the Platters' name, was sued by Bennett for breach of contract. Bennett and Powell later reached an agreement that Powell would be able to tour, but only as "The Platters featuring Monroe Powell".[26] In 1994, Jean Bennett licensed the name to a tribute group for a show at the Sahara Casino in Las Vegas; that show ran for 15 years.

Shortly before Robi succumbed to pancreatic cancer on February 1, 1989, he won a long court battle against Ram's estate and was awarded compensation and the right to use the Platters' name. Those rights were stripped from Robi's widow in 1997, and the exclusive right to tour as "The Platters" was awarded to Reed. A series of rulings in 1999, 2002, and 2004 gave Bennett the common law right to the name. The 2002 case legally rescinded Reed's exclusive trademark rights, and the trademark was returned to the Five Platters, Inc. and Bennett.

In January 2006, Bennett sold her corporate Platters-related assets and intellectual property rights to the Las Vegas-based company G.E.M. Group, Inc. But there was an immediate disagreement between Bennett and G.E.M., which filed a lawsuit to attain certain corporate assets, Bennett's personal property and the assets of the 1950s Platters. In June 2006, G.E.M. entered into an agreement with Sonny Turner, who'd been the lead singer of the Platters from 1960 to 1970. Turner had not been able to bill himself as "The Platters" since 1972 due to a legal injunction. However, Turner later sued G.E.M.

In 2007, Reed discussed the abundance of touring Platters groups: "I have to laugh because when you ask me how I feel about it, I'm irate, I'm infuriated. ... I've lost 25 weeks of work a year."

Gaynel Hodge is the only original member of the Platters still alive. Herb Reed died in June 2012 at 83. Reed was the only group member to appear on every original Platters recording. Sonny Turner, who replaced Tony Williams in late 1959, is still alive and performing. Sonny brought the Platters back to the charts in 1966 with the hits, "I Love You 1000 Times", "With This Ring", and "Washed Ashore".[27]

In 2011, Herb Reed and his companies obtained judgments declaring that his rights to the name were superior to others, including Five Platters Inc. and Jean Bennett.[28] In March 2014, Herb Reed’s companies were granted a judgment finding they had superior rights to the name "The Platters" over Larry Marshak and his companies, who claimed to have received rights through FPI and/or Tony Williams [29] In April 2014, Reed's company obtained a judgment against the World Famous Platters requiring them to identify themselves as a "Tribute to the Platters" or a "Salute to the Platters".[30]

In June 2014, Herb Reed's companies obtained a judgment against former singer Monroe Powell for trademark infringement. The Nevada district court granted Mr. Reed summary judgment, awarding him over $59,000 in damages (from US and international tour performances) and permanent injunctive relief, preventing Mr. Powell from using the "Platters" name without using the words "tribute" or "salute".[31][32]

Personnel

Original lineup (1953)

Classic lineup (1954-1970)

Official Platters group as of 2016

  • Wayne Miller
  • Adele Galinda (D D) Martin
  • Lance Bernard Bryant
  • Kenny Williams

Other line-ups

Various line-ups using the Platters' name have toured concurrently since the 1970s. The following are some of the groups that at one time or another illegally called themselves the Platters:

Paul Robi's Platters

  • Paul Robi
  • Beverly Harris
  • Gerry Garrett
  • Virgil Gibson
  • Elmer Hopper[33]
Replacements
  • Tyrone Sweet
  • Herb Rawlings
Sonny Turner's Platters (1970-)
The Platters featuring Monroe Powell
  • Monroe Powell
  • Wilson Williams
  • Kenn Johnson

The World Famous Platters
  • Eddie Stovall
  • Lawrence Lockard
  • JT Marshall
  • Andre Sheppard
The Platters featuring Tony Wilson[22]

Other former members

Singles discography

Release date Titles Chart positions Album
US charts US R&B chart UK charts Australia
November 1954 "Voo-Vee-Ah-Bee"
b/w "Shake It Up Mambo"		 The Platters (Federal LP)
January 1955 "Maggie Doesn't Work Here Anymore
"b/w "Take Me Back, Take Me Back"
July 1955 "Only You (And You Alone)"
b/w "Bark, Battle and Ball" (Non-LP track)		 5 1 5 19 Encore of Golden Hits
November 1955 "The Great Pretender"
b/w "I'm Just A Dancing Partner" (Non-LP track)		 1 1 5 1
December 1955 "I Need You All The Time
"b/w "Tell The World"		 The Platters (Federal LP)
February 1956 "(You've Got) The Magic Touch"
b/w "Winner Take All" (Non-LP track)		 4 4 19 Encore of Golden Hits
June 1956 "My Prayer" / 1 1 4 4 The Platters (Mercury LP)
June 1956 "Heaven on Earth" 39 13 41
August 1956 "You'll Never Never Know" / 11 9 23 18 Non-LP tracks
August 1956 "It Isn't Right" 13 10 23
November 1956 "On My Word of Honor" / 20 7 The Platters (Mercury LP)
November 1956 "One in a Million" 31 11 32 Encore of Golden Hits
February 1957 "I'm Sorry" / 11 15 18 The Platters (Mercury LP)
February 1957 "He's Mine" 16 5 Non-LP track
February 1957 "My Dream"
b/w "I Wanna" (from The Platters (Mercury LP))		 24 7 Encore of Golden Hits
August 1957 "Only Because"
b/w "The Mystery Of You" (Non-LP track)		 65 The Flying Platters
December 1957 "Helpless"
b/w "Indiff'rent"		 56 Non-LP tracks
April 1958 "Twilight Time"
b/w "Out Of My Mind" (Non-LP track)		 1 1 3 1 The Flying Platters Around The World
June 1958 "You're Making a Mistake"
b/w "My Old Flame" (from The Flying Platters Around The World)		 51 Non-LP track
September 1958 "I Wish" / 42 More Encore of Golden Hits
September 1958 "It's Raining Outside" 93 The Flying Platters Around The World
October 1958 "Smoke Gets in Your Eyes"
b/w "No Matter What You Are" (Non-LP track)		 1 3 1 1 Remember When?
February 1959 "Enchanted"
b/w "The Sound and The Fury" (from More Encore of Golden Hits)		 12 9 13 Encore of Golden Hits
May 1959 "Remember When"
b/w "Love Of A Lifetime" (Non-LP track)		 41 25 62 Remember When?
September 1959 "Where" / 44 66 More Encore of Golden Hits
September 1959 "Wish It Were Me" 61
January 1960 "Harbor Lights" / 8 15 11 33 Reflections
January 1960 "Sleepy Lagoon" 65
May 1960 "Ebb Tide" / 56 59
May 1960 "(I'll Be With You) In Apple Blossom Time" 102 Life Is Just A Bowl Of Cherries
August 1960 "Red Sails in the Sunset"
b/w "Sad River"		 36 72 Reflections
October 1960 "To Each His Own"
b/w "Down The River Of Golden Dreams" (from Reflections)		 21 57 More Encore of Golden Hits
January 1961 "If I Didn't Care"
b/w "True Lover" (from Song For The Lonely)		 30 95 Remember When?
1961 "Trees"
b/w "Immortal Love" (from Song For The Lonely)		 62 98 Life Is Just A Bowl Of Cherries
July 1961 "I'll Never Smile Again"
b/w "You Don't Say" (Non-LP track)		 25[34] 17 Remember When?
December 1961 "You'll Never Know" / 109 Song For The Lonely
November 1961 "Song For the Lonely" 115
January 1962 "It's Magic"
b/w "Reaching For A Star"		 91
May 1962 "More Than You Know"
"b/w"Every Little Movement (Has Meaning All Its Own)"		 Encore of Golden Broadway Hits
November 1962 "Heartbreak"
b/w "Memories" (from The Platters Sing of Your Moonlight Memories)		 Non-LP track
March 1963 "Once In A While"
"b/w"I'll See You In My Dreams"		 The Platters Sing of Your Moonlight Memories
June 1963 "Here Comes Heaven Again"
"b/w"Strangers"		 Non-LP tracks
June 1964 "P.S. I Love You"
"b/w"Sincerely"		 Encore of Golden Hits of The Groups
April 1966 "I Love You 1,000 Times"
b/w "Hear No Evil, Speak No Evil, See No Evil" (from Double Gold: The Best of The Platters)		 31 6 I Love You 1,000 Times
September 1966 "Devri"
b/w "Alone In The Night (Without You)"		 111 The Platters Have The Magic Touch
November 1966 "I'll Be Home"
b/w "(You've Got) The Magic Touch" (from The Platters Have The Magic Touch)		 97 I Love You 1,000 Times
February 1967 "With This Ring"
b/w "If I Had A Love" (from I Love You 1,000 Times)		 14 12 100 Going Back To Detroit
June 1967 "Washed Ashore"
b/w "What Name Shall I Give You My Love" (early copies)
"One In A Million" (later copies)
(Both B-sides from The Platters Have The Magic Touch)		 56 29 New Golden Hits
October 1967 "Sweet, Sweet Lovin'"
b/w "Sonata"		 70 32 Sweet, Sweet Lovin'
December 1967 "Love Must Go On"
b/w "How Beautiful Our Love Is" (from Sweet, Sweet Lovin')		 Going Back To Detroit
February 1968 "Think Before You Walk Away"
b/w "So Many Tears"		 I Get The Sweetest Feeling
August 1968 "Hard To Get a Thing Called Love"
b/w "Why"		 125
December 1968 "Fear Of Losing You"
b/w "Sonata"

References

  1. ↑ Larkin, Colin (7/04/2006). "Platters". Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 10/4/2015. Check date values in: |access-date=, |date= (help)
  2. ↑ "The Platters Biography". Retrieved 30 September 2014.
  3. ↑ http://rockhall.com/inductees/the-platters/bio/ visited on 8/26/2014)
  4. ↑ "Herb Reed of vocal group The Platters dead at 83". Reuters. 2012-06-05. Retrieved 2012-06-05.
  5. 1 2 3 "Paul Robi (1931 - 1989) - Find A Grave Memorial". findagrave.com.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 5 - Hail, Hail, Rock 'n' Roll: The rock revolution gets underway. [Part 1]" (audio). Pop Chronicles. Digital.library.unt.edu.
  7. ↑ "The Platters Biography". hotshotdigital.com. Retrieved 2012-04-23.
  8. ↑ "The Platters - Inductees - The Vocal Group Hall of Fame Foundation". Vocalgroup.org. Retrieved 2012-03-26.
  9. ↑ DVD release, 2007
  10. 1 2 Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 14 - Big Rock Candy Mountain: Rock 'n' roll in the late fifties. [Part 4] : UNT Digital Library" (audio). Pop Chronicles. Digital.library.unt.edu.
  11. ↑ Herb Reed Enterprises, LLC v. Florida Entertainment Management, Inc., U.S. Dist. Nev. Case No. 2:12-cv-00560-MMD–GWF, Docket No. 43, July 24, 2012, http://dockets.justia.com/docket/nevada/nvdce/2:2012cv00560/86827(visited August 26, 2014)
  12. ↑ Peter A. Grendysa, Four Platters and One Lovely Dish, p. 10
  13. ↑ Jean L. Bennett
  14. ↑ Zola Taylor (2007-05-01). "Zola Taylor of The Platters dies at 69". USA Today. Retrieved 2012-11-12.
  15. ↑ Zola Taylor. "Obituary". Independent (London). Retrieved 2012-11-12.
  16. ↑ "Marv Goldberg's R&B Notebooks - PLATTERS". Uncamarvy.com. Retrieved 2012-11-12.
  17. ↑ "Beverly Harris filled in for Zola Taylor". Doo-Wop.Blogg.org. Retrieved 2013-06-26.
  18. ↑ "Paul Robi, 57; Original Singer With Platters". latimes.
  19. ↑ Celebrity Direct Entertainment. "The Platters Information Site - NEWS UPDATES". Celebritydirect.biz. Retrieved 2012-11-12.
  20. ↑ Celebrity Direct Entertainment. "The Platters Information Site - NEWS UPDATES". Celebritydirect.biz. Retrieved 2012-03-26.
  21. ↑ "Herb Reed Enters Inc, v. Monroe Powell Platters LLC". CaseText.com. Case Text. Retrieved 25 August 2014.
  22. 1 2 Billboard, April 17 1971
  23. ↑ Archived March 7, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  24. ↑ "Truth in Music". www.vocalgroup.org. Retrieved 25 August 2014.
  25. ↑ "Herb Reed v. FPI et. al.". justia.com. Retrieved 25 August 2014.
  26. ↑ Herb Reed Enterprises, Inc. et al v. Monroe Powell's Platters, LLC et al, U.S. Dist. Nev. Case No. 2:11-cv-02010-PMP–RJJ, Docket No. 26, Feb. 1, 2012 , http://dockets.justia.com/docket/nevada/nvdce/2:2011cv02010/84946(last visited 8/26/2014)
  27. ↑ http://www.history-of-rock.com/platters. htm
  28. ↑ "Herb Reed Enterprises, Inc. et al v. Bennett et al". Justia Dockets & Filings. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
  29. ↑ "ORDER Granting 99 Plaintiff Herb Reed Enterprises, LLC's Motion for Summary Judgment for Herb Reed Enterprises, LLC v. Florida Entertainment Management, Inc. et al :: Justia Dockets & Filings". Justia Dockets & Filings. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
  30. ↑ "ORDER granting 47 Motion for Default Judgment for Herb Reed Enterprises, LLC v. The World Famous Platters Road Shows I LLC et al :: Justia Dockets & Filings". Justia Dockets & Filings. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
  31. ↑ Copyright Trademark Music Law Blog. "Owner of the Platters Trademark Obtains Judgment", 23 June 2014. Retrieved on 23 June 2014.
  32. ↑ http://docs.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/nevada/nvdce/2:2011cv02010/84946/172 (visited 8/26/2014)
  33. ↑ "ElmerHopper.com". elmerhopper.com.
  34. ↑ I'll Never Smile Again" also made the US AC Charts at #7 in July 1961

External links

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