Thomas-Morse O-19

"O-19" redirects here. For the Dutch submarine, see HNLMS O 19.

Thomas-Morse O-19

An O-19 aircraft of the 2d Observation Squadron at Nichols Field, Luzon, Philippines, c. 1932
Role	Observation biplane
Manufacturer	Thomas-Morse
Introduction	1929
Primary user	United States Army Air Corps
Number built	176

The Thomas-Morse O-19 was an American observation biplane built by the Thomas-Morse Aircraft Company for the United States Army Air Corps.

Development

The O-19 was based on the earlier Thomas-Morse O-6 biplane. It was a conventional two-seat biplane of metal construction with fabric-covered wings and tail surfaces. The design was evaluated with a number of different engine installations and the type was ordered into production as the O-19B with a Pratt & Whitney R-1340-7 Wasp radial engine.

Variants

XO-19: Improved version of the XO-6 with a 450 hp (340 kW) Pratt & Whitney R-1340-3 engine, one built.
YO-20: Similar to the XO-19 with a 525 hp (391 kW) Pratt & Whitney R-1690-1 engine, one built.
XO-21: Similar to the XO-19 with a 600 hp (450 kW) Curtiss H-1640-1 engine, one built, later re-engined as the XO-21A.
XO-21A: The XO-21 fitted with a 525 hp (391 kW) Wright R-1750-1 engine.
O-19: Service evaluation aircraft with a 500 hp (370 kW) Pratt & Whitney R-1340-9, two built.
O-19A: O-19 without the 88 US Gallon main fuel tank, one built.
O-19B: Production version with a 450 hp (340 kW) Pratt & Whitney R-1340-7 engine, two machine-guns and modified cockpit, 70 built.
O-19C: O-19B with tailwheel, ring cowl and minor changes, 71 built.
O-19D: One O-19C converted as a VIP staff transport with dual controls.
O-19E: O-19C with extended upper-span wing and a 575 hp (429 kW) Pratt & Whitney R-1340-15 engine, 30 built.
O-21: O-19 with 600 hp (450 kW) Curtiss H-1640 Chieftain engine, one built, one converted.
YO-23: XO-19 with a 600 hp (450 kW) Curtiss V-1570-1 Conqueror engine, one built.
Y1O-33: One O-19B re-engined with a 600 hp (450 kW) Curtiss V-1570-11 engine and revised tail surfaces, one converted.
Y1O-41: A sesqui-plane conversion of the Y1O-33 with a 600 hp (450 kW) Curtiss V-1570-79 engine, one converted. Later modified by Consolidated Aircraft as their Model 23 and exported to Mexico.
Y1O-42: High-wing monoplane version of the Y1O-41, static test airframe only.^[1]

Operators

United States

United States Army Air Corps

Specifications (O-19B)

Data from The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982-1985), 1985, Orbis Publishing, Page 3000

General characteristics

Crew: two
Length: 28 ft 4 in (8.64 m)
Wingspan: 39 ft 9 in (12.12 m)
Height: 10 ft 6 in (3.20 m)
Wing area: 348 ft² (32.33 m²)
Empty weight: 2722 lb (1235 kg)
Gross weight: 3800 lb (1724 kg)
Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney R-1340-7 Wasp radial piston engine, 450 hp (336 kW)

Performance

Maximum speed: 137 mph (220 km/h)
Service ceiling: 20,500 ft (6250 m)

Armament

2 x 0.3in (7.62mm) machine-guns (one fixed forward-firing, one movable in rear cockpit)

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Thomas-Morse aircraft.

Notes

↑ http://airplane.designation-systems.net/O.xls

Bibliography

John Andrade, U.S.Military Aircraft Designations and Serials since 1909, Midland Counties Publications, 1979, ISBN 0-904597-22-9 (Page 137 and 138)
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982-1985), 1985, Orbis Publishing, Page 3000

Aircraft produced by Thomas-Morse Aircraft

Thomas Brothers	D-5 T-2 S-4 SH-4

Thomas-Morse	MB-1 MB-2 MB-3 MB-4 MB-6 MB-7 MB-9 MB-10 R5 TM-23 TM-24 O-19 Y1O-41 Y1O-42 XP-13 Viper

Aircraft produced by Consolidated Aircraft

Manufacturer designation	1 2 7 8 9 10 14 15 16 17 18 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 36 37 39 40

By role	Trainers NY PT-1 PT-2 PT-11 AT-22 Observation aircraft O-17 Fighter P-30 Patrol PY P2Y P3Y XP4Y-1/P4Y-2 PBY PB2Y XPB3Y PB4Y-1/-2 Bombers X/B-24 B-32 XB-41 B-36 BY XB2Y LB-30A/B Liberator B.I Liberator GR.I Transports C-11 C-22 C-87 XC-99 C-109 RY R2Y Liberator C.IX Reconnaissance F-7

USAAC/USAAF observation aircraft

Observation	O-1 O-2 O-3 O-4 O-5 O-6 O-7 O-8 O-9 O-10 O-11 O-12 O-13 O-14 O-15 O-16 O-17 O-18 O-19 O-20 O-21 O-22 O-23 O-24 O-25 O-26 O-27 O-28 O-29 O-30 O-31 O-32 O-33 O-34 O-35 O-36 O-37 O-38 O-39 O-40 O-41 O-42 O-43 O-44 O-45 O-46 O-47 O-48 O-49 O-50 YO-51 O-52 O-53 O-54 O-55 O-56 O-57 O-58 O-59 O-60 O-61 O-62 O-63

Observation Amphibian	OA-1 OA-2 OA-3 OA-4 OA-5 OA-6 OA-7 OA-8 OA-9 OA-10 OA-11 OA-12 OA-13 OA-14 OA-15 SA-16

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