Tim Follin

Tim Follin
Born (1970-12-19) 19 December 1970
Origin St Helens, Merseyside, England
Genres Electronic, new age, orchestral, rock, chiptune, video game music
Occupation(s) Composer
arranger
programmer
Instruments Piano/keyboard, guitar, violin
Years active 1985–2006, 2015
Labels C64Audio.com
(formerly High Technology Publishing)
Associated acts Geoff Follin
Website Dr. Follin's Home Surgery

Timothy John Follin (born 19 December 1970)[1] is a former video game music composer who has written tracks for a variety of titles and home gaming systems, including the ZX Spectrum, Commodore 64, Amiga, Atari ST, Nintendo Entertainment System, Mega Drive, Super NES, Game Boy, Dreamcast and PlayStation.

Follin's early 8- and 16-bit pieces were notable for their ambitious and imaginative use of samples, or clever manipulation of limited sound hardware – particularly with his work on the Sinclair ZX Spectrum, on which he managed to play up to six channels of audio from one simple, tiny, clickable dynamic speaker.

Among Follin's works are the soundtracks to Ecco the Dolphin: Defender of the Future (Dreamcast), Silver Surfer (NES) and Spider-Man/X-Men: Arcade's Revenge (Super NES).

Video game career

Insight Studios

As a child, Follin had no significant music training.[2] Leaving Liverpool's Sandown Music College after one year of studies,[2][3] Follin's career began at the age of 15 working at Insight Studios,[4] eventually scoring titles such as Agent X, Chronos and Bubble Bobble for 8-bit computers such as the Commodore 64 and ZX Spectrum. Follin ended up in video games due to his older brother Mike Follin learning how to program for the ZX Spectrum and obtaining professional work at Insight,[2][3] with one of Tim's first Insight works being the soundtrack to The Sentinel.[3] Mike gave Tim a brief tutorial on creating music on the Spectrum via machine code, and Tim later wrote the music driver and soundtrack for their first professional game, Subterranean Stryker.[5] After discovering how to create phasing sounds,[6] Follin was able to use a 2-channel music driver[5] to further experiment and come up with an arrangement of Stravinsky's "The Firebird", used for the game Star Firebirds.[7] Follin graduated to 3-channel music with his third soundtrack, Vectron.[5] In his early career, Follin was praised by game magazine reviews touting the quality of music for the games he scored.[3]

Follin's sole game programming credit (not counting music drivers) came with his fourth title, Future Games, where he created one minigame of the several featured.[5]

Software Creations

Hired by Richard Kay, Tim followed brother Mike in moving to Software Creations[2] in 1987, his first full-time job, where he spent a significant portion of his career. Follin's arranged soundtrack to Bubble Bobble was his first written for a soundchip, the AY-3-8910.[5]

Follin wrote the music for Black Lamp in one night after a bout of writer's block.[3]

Within the level 1 music of Ghouls'n Ghosts for the Amiga is a voice sample played backwards saying "secret authority," considered nothing more than a joke by Follin.[8] Alongside Ghouls'n Ghosts, two other Amiga soundtracks, Sly Spy and Puzznic, were presented in the Amiga music format "Follin Player II."[9] To arcade soundtrack arrangements like Bionic Commando and Ghouls'n Ghosts, Follin added richer sound palette and occasionally composed some new songs (the title music of Ghouls'n Ghosts).

Follin described the NES title Solstice as "a very inspiring game to do music for," demanding atmospheric music within the game's dark castle environment, as well as powerful music choreographed with the title sequence.[10] Follin did not use a keyboard or any instruments for the Solstice soundtrack, composing while "thinking along the lines of the computer and not [...] a keyboard."[10] Follin felt the programming-only approach allowed him to work with "a more open mind."[10]

In a 1990 interview, Follin expressed "a bit of desolation" over the prospect of no longer composing for the Commodore 64, stating "I don't see myself staying with this machine," perhaps sensing the transition occurring in the European gaming marketplace as the third generation of video and computer game platforms reached its end.[1] Follin's final Commodore 64 release came with 1991's Gauntlet III.

Beside contributing the soundtrack with brother Geoff, Follin recorded live sound effects for 1993 SNES title Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends.[5]

Citing a declining work environment,[4] Follin departed Software Creations in 1993 (with his final title there being Rock N' Roll Racing).[7]

Malibu Interactive and freelancing

After leaving Software Creations, Follin joined Malibu Interactive for 18 months. While working for Malibu, Follin provided the soundtrack for Time Trax on the Sega Mega Drive and (along with brother Geoff) Prime for the Sega CD, doing "virtually nothing and getting paid"[8] for the following year before winding up out of work. Another title composed alongside brother Geoff, Firearm, went unpublished. Follin would spend the remainder of his video game career as a freelancer. Following Malibu Interactive's collapse, Follin then worked with groups that made unsuccessful game pitches to Psygnosis and the BBC.[8] Follin provided part of the soundtrack for Batman & Robin, developed by Probe.

Follin joined the development team of Ecco the Dolphin: Defender of the Future as the title's lead composer around mid-1998,[2] leaving Attila Heger no longer responsible for providing the entirety of the soundtrack. (Heger was made primarily responsible for scoring the game's cutscenes.)[11] Follin had been offered the composer position by Sega UK producer David Nulty, who was a fan of Follin's Commodore 64 work.[2] The soundtrack received very favourable reviews from Edge, DC-UK and Official Dreamcast Magazine.[12]

The 2003 multiplatform release Starsky & Hutch was given a funk-style score by Follin, who said at the time, "This is the project I had hoped I would get one day. I've always loved Starsky & Hutch and it's [sic] original title music."[13] While with Software Creations, Follin had previously arranged the Starsky & Hutch television series' theme as the title music to the 1991 NES release Treasure Master.

End of video game career and return

Around August 2005, Follin announced on his website "with much delight" that he had chosen to stop composing music for video games, citing its irregular work not providing a substantial income, light-heartedly adding that the situation caused him "distress and illness." The tenuous nature of game development caused several instances of Follin being hired and subsequently having the project shelved. Follin noted that Starsky & Hutch had been in development for around three years before eventually being released.[7]

Throughout 2012 to 2014, Follin also developed video-based adventure game Contradiction as programmer, video editor and composer. [14]

His brothers Geoff Follin and Mike Follin also worked in the video game industry as musician and programmer respectively, with both having moved on to other careers. Much like his brothers, Follin has changed careers, choosing to pursue films, television advertising as well as graphic design. Follin never considered himself a gamer as much as a musician or developer.[7] Follin's website offers a brief overview of his video game music career.

Game credits

GameRelease DatePlatformNotes
Contradiction: Spot the Liar! 2015 iOS, Windows, OS X
Lemmings 2006 PlayStation Portable
Ford Racing 3 2005 PlayStation 2, Xbox, Windows, Nintendo DS co-composers: Muddy Funkers, Paul Stroud
Future Tactics: The Uprising 2004 PlayStation 2, GameCube, Xbox, Windows
Ford Racing 2 2003 PlayStation 2, Xbox, Macintosh, Windows co-composer: Bjørn Lynne
Starsky & Hutch 2003 PlayStation 2, Xbox, Windows, GameCube sound, additional storyline; co-composers: Dave Sullivan, Matthew Costello
Ecco the Dolphin: Defender of the Future 2000
(2002: PS2)		 Dreamcast, PlayStation 2 co-composer: Attilla Heger (cutscenes)
Bust-A-Move 4 1999 Game Boy Color arranger, co-arranger: Andy Brock
Batman & Robin 1998 PlayStation film score arrangements (no compositions)
WWF War Zone 1998 Game Boy
Firearm (cancelled) 1995 PC co-composer: Geoff Follin
Prime 1995 Sega CD co-composer: Geoff Follin
Batman Forever 1995 Mega Drive/Genesis, Super NES co-composer: Geoff Follin (Super NES)
Ken Griffey Jr. Presents Major League Baseball 1994 SNES arranger; co-composers/co-arrangers: Geoff Follin, Chris Jojo, Paul Tonge, Matthew Cannon
Moto-X (completed, unreleased)[15] 1994 SNES co-composer: Geoff Follin
Time Trax 1993 Sega Mega Drive music driver designer, game never released
Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends 1993 SNES arranger; co-composer/co-arranger: Geoff Follin
Rock N' Roll Racing 1993 SNES music driver designer, arranger; co-composer/co-arranger: Geoff Follin
Equinox 1993 SNES co-composer: Geoff Follin
Plok 1993 SNES co-composer: Geoff Follin
Super Off Road 1992 SNES co-composer: Geoff Follin
Spider-Man/X-Men: Arcade's Revenge 1992 Super NES, Genesis co-composer: Geoff Follin
The Incredible Crash Dummies 1992 Game Boy, Game Gear, Master System co-composer: Geoff Follin, music conversion: Matt Furniss (GG, SMS)
Gauntlet III 1991 Commodore 64, Amiga, ZX Spectrum co-composer: Geoff Follin (C64, Spectrum)
Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (Taito version) 1991 NES
Treasure Master 1991 NES
The New Zealand Story (known in America as Kiwi Kraze) 1991 NES co-composer: Geoff Follin
Tom & Jerry (and Tuffy) 1991 NES co-composer: Geoff Follin
Pictionary 1990 NES
Silver Surfer 1990 NES co-composer: Geoff Follin
Solstice 1990 NES
Sky Shark 1989 NES
Ghouls'n Ghosts Dec. 1989 Amiga, Commodore 64, Atari ST arranger
Qix 1989 Commodore 64, Amiga
Magic Johnson's Fast Break 1989 Commodore 64, NES
Chester Field 1989 Commodore 64
Missile Ground Zero 1989 ZX Spectrum
L.E.D. Storm Feb. 1989[5] Amiga, Commodore 64, Atari ST, ZX Spectrum arranger
Bionic Commando June 1988[5] Amiga, Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum, Atari ST arranger
Target: Renegade 1988 NES arranger
Sky Shark 1988 Commodore 64, NES arranger
Peter Pack Rat 1988 Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum arranger
Bodyslam 1988 Commodore 64
Psycho Pigs UXB 1988 Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum co-composer: Geoff Follin (C64)
Aigina's Prophecy 1988 Commodore 64
Star Paws 1988 ZX Spectrum
Raw Recruit 1988 Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum
Black Lamp Apr. 1988[5] Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum
Bubble Bobble Oct. 1987[5] Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum, Atari ST arranger
Renegade 1987 Amiga, Atari ST arranger
Scumball 1987 Commodore 64
Agent X II 1987 Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum
Chronos 1987 ZX Spectrum
The Sentinel Mar. 1987[5] ZX Spectrum
Agent X 1986 ZX Spectrum
Future Games June 1986[5] ZX Spectrum
Vectron Oct.-Dec. 1985[5] ZX Spectrum
Star Firebirds Oct. 1985[5] ZX Spectrum arranger
Subterranean Stryker Mar. 1985[5] ZX Spectrum

Thoughts on video game music

Follin's methodology of music was that music is "basically an unconscious experience" that does not and should not "engage your intellect."[8] Rather, Follin believed game music was "more of a sort of atmospheric thing"[10] and had "always written music to be part of something else," intending for the video game (or other media the music is composed for) to provide the image or scene of context.[8]

Within his personal experience, Follin always found the hardest part of creating music to be the concept phase, saying "I probably tear my hair out more over arrangement than over anything else." The easiest part was the execution of the solidified concepts.[2]

Follin felt the idea of computer music was "a silly one to begin with," as soundchips from the earliest platforms (e.g. ZX Spectrum) were only meant to produce sound effects.[16] As early as 1994, Follin expressed his desire to move away from scoring video games and transition to films, stating that he preferred never to work with chip-generated music again along with his hopes that the games industry would not move backwards from the emerging standard of CD audio.[16] Whether dealing with the audio limitations of older consoles or a game's narrow style guidelines when composing for modern soundtracks, Follin regarded the challenge of creating music within constraints to be an interesting part of working in video game music.[6]

As a video game composer, Follin believed the necessities of being proficient in many genres and creating music on demand often confused the general public, who are used to acts that produce one style of music. He observed that "musicians generally aren't rewarded for being heterogeneous."[17]

During his game music career, Follin never had the mood or interest to join any demoscene groups.[1] Though Follin knew few fellow video game composers, he highly respected Richard Jacques for the amount of work put into his music.[17]

Influences

Follin cited progressive rock[2][7] as well as many musicians (including Quincy Jones, Jethro Tull,[8] Led Zeppelin and John Martyn[3]) as having had some casual or subconscious influence on his music, and has also enjoyed music by Deep Purple and Guns 'n Roses.[1] However, he did not feel that any specific artist or style had been a primary inspiration during his career.[3] Follin acknowledged that in one instance he went for a more contemporary style when scoring the award-winning soundtrack[2] to Bionic Commando, actively choosing to mimic other people's music for fear of potentially losing his job.[3]

The soundtrack to Ecco the Dolphin: Defender of the Future may have been influenced by the works of American minimalist composer John Adams, whom Follin explicitly acknowledged as a current influence during the time he was completing the soundtrack, citing Adams' work as "the only minimalist stuff I've heard which struck a chord with me."[2]

Follin did not have much time to listen to the work of his musical contemporaries while in the video games industry, a situation he implied as having been a benefit to his career. Follin speculated that in actively listening to those works, he likely ran the risk of encountering ideas he had not thought of and subsequently becoming discouraged and/or prone to copycatting.[2]

Personal view of work

Particularly in the earlier days of his career, Follin often composed game soundtracks while the games themselves were still in the writing stages, meaning that there was usually no frame of reference or genre objective in mind. Follin himself humorously felt these situations created many instances where the soundtrack was unsuited to the game, though at the time neither he nor any game developers had any issues. Given another chance, Follin said he would have given more effort toward making his earlier soundtracks better suited to the games, feeling that his failure to do so (despite the compositional quality) likely cost him future work. Back then, Follin instead focused on exploring the various consoles' audio limitations.[6][7] The technical limitations of the most primitive video game system soundchips made Follin's primary goals to create original sounds as well as not allow the resulting music to sound poor.[16]

Follin also never had the interest to join a demoscene group, though, near the end of his time working with Commodore platforms, he claimed he enjoyed himself when he made music.[1] Outside of Ghouls'n Ghosts however, Follin later described his Commodore 64 work as nonsense that he wasn't particularly happy with.[3]

Follin noted Ghouls'n Ghosts on the Commodore 64 as his favourite work,[2][7] though the game was a known entity, unlike many of Follin's early projects. Software Creations programmer Steve Ruddy, who created the music driver for the game (with design input from Follin)[18][19] recalled Follin describing a wide array of imagery for the title theme.[18] For the Ghouls'n Ghosts soundtrack, Follin retained parts of Tamayo Kawamoto's original arcade soundtrack within most tracks, only to transition into his own ideas for other portions of those tracks.[7] Similar circumstances resulted in Follin's soundtrack for Bionic Commando.[1]

Follin has found it difficult to listen to works he created, feeling them outdated by the time they were completed.[19] Follin disliked working with the Atari ST[3] and the ZX Spectrum's AY chip, feeling the NES had more character. While not feeling very successful composing music for the Amiga, Follin enjoyed working on soundtracks for the SNES and Commodore 64. He described writing for the C64's SID chip as "playing an instrument in its own right,"[8] appreciating the analogue sound it produced, despite having only three channels to work with.[2][3] Follin also recalled the SNES's Spider-Man/X-Men: Arcade's Revenge being fun due to the inclusion of cheesy '70s guitar synths and brass synths.[7]

Despite not considering himself adept at any live instruments, and composing several soundtracks beyond the fifth generation of video game consoles using samples, Follin disliked sampled music. Instead, Follin strove to make his music sound as close to live instrumentation as possible.[8] His most notable work using sampled instruments was the soundtrack to Ecco the Dolphin: Defender of the Future, an experience he enjoyed, but also felt frustrated with on account of "a lack of equipment and resources – such as a string orchestra and choir!"[4] Follin finds orchestral music inherently more human-sounding and listenable.[17]

Fandom

Several contemporaries of Follin's have cited him as an inspiration or top composer including Richard Jacques,[20] Jesper Kyd,[21] David Wise,[22] Frédéric Motte,[23] Markus Schneider,[24] Matt "Gasman" Westcott,[6] Ramiro "Extremer" Vaca,[25] graphic artist Haydn Dalton,[26] and programmer Dean Belfield.[27] Frequent Software Creations collaborator Steve Ruddy, who programmed music drivers used by Follin with Follin's design input, marvelled "I had no idea how he made it do what it did," and described his music as "astonishing."[28]

Regarding fan communities dedicated to arranging video game music, including his own, Follin remarked, "It's really good. A lot of the stuff, you just think 'Well, that's much better than what I would have done...could do now.'"[7] Follin is consistently mentioned as a favourite composer among European musicians within the Commodore arrangement scene.

Alongside the music of fellow video game music composer Rob Hubbard, Follin's musical work in games was spotlighted in listening stations of the worldwide Game On exhibition, organised by the Barbican Art Gallery.[29]

Media production career

Follin has written, directed, produced and composed for two short films: Body Counting and The Sun Circle. Body Counting won the Best Short Film under £5,000 award at the Salford Film Festival in November 2004.[30]

Since semi-retiring from video game music composition, Follin has gone on to work in the television industry, working as director of photography for TV ads and dramas, as well as creating graphics, CGI, and music for commercials. In April 2010, Follin joined Matt Barraclough and Paul Ambler to form ABF Pictures Ltd., a company making TV commercials, web video and music promos. In 2013, he started a company to embrace his various interests and skills, called Baggy Cat Ltd.

Personal life

Follin once expressed interest in the works of Carl Jung regarding the meaning of dreams. More recently he has become interested in behavioural psychology and neuropsychology, particularly in the civilising effect of mirror-neurons and their implications, suggesting that the self, in the common sense, is a social construct, consisting of foundational, unconscious copied behaviours.[8] He has expressed that he does not use recreational drugs, perhaps counter to inferences made by fans of his music.[8]

Follin has little interest in television, but is a fan of documentary maker Adam Curtis as well as comedy such as the Channel 4 series Father Ted, The Office, Alan Partridge and The League of Gentlemen.[3] He also enjoyed filmmaker John Boorman's short film I Dreamt I Woke Up.[31]

Follin considers writing therapeutic and hopes to one day end up in a remote, snow-bound hotel in the Colorado mountains with his wife and children, though without an axe.[3]

Family

Tim, son of Marjorie Follin, was the youngest of three brothers, all of whom had careers in the video game industry. Oldest brother Michael Stuart (Mike) moved on after 16 years as a programmer to become an ordained minister in the Church of England. Middle brother Geoff, a fellow game composer who was proficient in several instruments, MIDI software and reading sheet music, later went on to become a primary school teacher. Other family includes Auntie Janice Perkins, Uncle David Eaton and his cousins Catherine and Rachel Perkins, Liverpool.[32]

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Aydin, Metin L. (Kwon) (1990), "Interview of the Month", Lethal News No. 6 (Bonzai), archived from the original (diskmag) on 19 August 1998, retrieved 4 September 2011
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Beck, Justin (Hard Hat Mack) (4 March 2000), Interview with Tim Follin on March 4, 2000, 6581 SID, archived from the original on 25 June 2004, retrieved 4 September 2011
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Mackenzie, Jason (Kenz); Pilkington, Warren (Waz) (1998), Another groovy CZone exclusive interview from Kenz and Waz., Commodore Zone, archived from the original on 17 December 2004, retrieved 4 September 2011
  4. 1 2 3 Cifaldi, Frank (26 September 2005), Playing Catch-Up: Tim Follin, Gamasutra, retrieved 4 September 2011
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Follin, Mike (2000), Computer Games, Mike Follin, archived from the original on 11 February 2001, retrieved 4 September 2011
  6. 1 2 3 4 Sharples, Matt (writer, presenter); Stowell, Dan (writer, producer) (1 June 2005), Chiptunes: Programme 1: ZX Spectrum Music, Flat Four Radio, archived from the original (radio program) on 1 June 2005, retrieved 4 September 2011
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 McLaughlin, Gerry (Presenter); Bowker, Damian (Producer); Jones, Neill (Editor), Re:Loaded (television), Manchester, England: Channel M
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Forsyth, Tim (14 December 1998), An interview with...... Tim Follin, Computer Music Generation, archived from the original on 22 October 1999, retrieved 4 September 2011
  9. ↑ Follin Player II – ExoticA, ExoticA, 31 July 2008, retrieved 4 September 2011
  10. 1 2 3 4 Team, Solstice (Producer) (1990), The Making of Solstice (Hi8), CSG Imagesoft Inc., Epic/Sony Records
  11. ↑ Demidov (Демидов), Andrew (Андрей) [Moduvator] (2005), Interview with Attila Heger, Dark Sea (Epic Gaming), archived from the original on 27 December 2007, retrieved 4 September 2011
  12. ↑ Follin, Tim (2001), Demos, Tim Follin's Burial Site, archived from the original on 17 April 2005, retrieved 4 September 2011
  13. ↑ Empire composes itself for future releases (PDF), Empire Interactive, 2002, archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2006, retrieved 4 September 2011
  14. ↑ Contradiction - the 100% video murder mystery game, Baggy Cat Ltd., 2015, retrieved 2 July 2015
  15. ↑ Gasking, Frank (22 January 2007), GTW Review – Moto-X (SNES), Games That Weren't, archived from the original on 27 May 2009, retrieved 4 September 2011
  16. 1 2 3 Edge (December 1994), "Making tracks: The noble art of game music", Edge No. 15 (Future Publishing): 56–61
  17. 1 2 3 Aldis, Neil (1 August 2003), Starsky & Hutch Interview: Veteran Game Composer Tim Follin, Music 4 Games, archived from the original on 27 May 2009, retrieved 4 September 2011
  18. 1 2 Gasking, Frank, An interview with...Steve Ruddy, Games That Weren't, archived from the original on 27 May 2009, retrieved 4 September 2011
  19. 1 2 Follin, Tim (2005), Wine Cellar, Dr. Follin's Home Surgery, retrieved 4 September 2011
  20. ↑ Fulljames, Stephen (15 August 2001), Richard Jacques Interview, ComputerAndVideoGames.com [previously Game-Online.com], archived from the original on 28 May 2009, retrieved 4 September 2011
  21. ↑ Taylor, Paul (1 September 2005), Interview with BAFTA award-winning Danish composer Jesper Kyd, Music 4 Games, archived from the original on 27 May 2009, retrieved 4 September 2011
  22. ↑ Music 4 Games (29 July 2008), Develop Conference Interview with RARE's Audio Team: Robin Beanland, Dave Wise and Steve Burke, Music 4 Games, archived from the original on 27 May 2009, retrieved 4 September 2011
  23. ↑ Carless, Simon (h0l) (1997), Fred Motte Interview, Game Geek Peeks (reprinted), archived from the original on 31 January 2009, retrieved 4 September 2011
  24. ↑ Carr, Neil (11 May 2001), An Interview with Markus Schneider, Remix64, retrieved 4 September 2011
  25. ↑ Klein, Markus (LMan) (27 November 2001), An Interview with Ramiro Vaca, Remix64, retrieved 4 September 2011
  26. ↑ Gasking, Frank, An interview with...Haydn Dalton, Games That Weren't, archived from the original on 27 May 2009, retrieved 4 September 2011
  27. ↑ McCowan, Darren (January 2001), ZX Specticle Interviews: Dean Belfield, ZX Specticle, retrieved 4 September 2011
  28. ↑ Gasking, Frank, Steve Ruddy, C64.COM, retrieved 4 September 2011
  29. ↑ Standen, Dave (27 October 2006), Video Gaming Celebrated in Game on at the Science Museum, Culture24 [previously 24 Hour Museum], retrieved 4 September 2011
  30. ↑ Follin, Tim (2005), TV Room, Dr. Follin's Home Surgery, retrieved 4 September 2011
  31. ↑ Follin, Tim (31 January 2001), I Dreamt I Woke Up (1991) – IMDb user comments, IMDb, retrieved 4 September 2011
  32. ↑ Follin, Mike (4 September 2000), Mike Follin's HomePage, Mike Follin, archived from the original on 7 December 2003, retrieved 4 September 2011

External links

Interviews

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Saturday, May 07, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.