Timeline of Wrocław

Timeline of Wrocław
(historical affiliations)

Duchy of Bohemia early 900s – 990
Kingdom of Poland 990–1038
Duchy of Bohemia 1038–1054
Kingdom of Poland 1054–1202
Duchy of Silesia 1202–1335
Kingdom of Bohemia 1335–1526
Habsburg Monarchy 1526–1742
Kingdom of Prussia 1742–1871
German Empire 1871–1918
Weimar Germany 1918–1933
Nazi Germany 1933–1945
People's Republic of Poland 1945–1989
 Republic of Poland 1989–present

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Wrocław, Poland.

Prior to 16th century

• 990 - Mieszko I of Poland in power.
• 1000
  • Bishopric of Wrocław established.^[1]
  • Population: 1,000 (approximate).
• 1037 - Uprising.
• 1038 - Bohemians in power.
• 1054 - Polish in power.
• 1109 - August 24: Battle of Hundsfeld.
• 1163 - Town becomes capital of Duchy of Silesia.^[2]
• 1241 - Town besieged by Mongols.^[3]
• 1242 - Church of St. Giles built.
• 1257 - Church of St. Elizabeth built.^[2]
• 1262 - Magdeburg rights adopted.
• 1272 - Cathedral of St. John the Baptist consecrated.
• 1295 - Kreuzkirche built.^[2]
• 1333 - Town Hall building expanded.
• 1335 - City annexed to Bohemia.^[2]
• 1342 - Fire.
• 1344 - Fire.
• 1348 - Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor visits town.
• 1351 - Dorotheen Church founded.^[3]
• 1355 - Schweidnitzer Keller (beer hall) in business.^[3]
• 1362 - St. Mary Magdalene Church built.
• 1387 - City joins Hanseatic League.
• 1418 - Guild revolt.
• 1475 - Kasper Elyan sets up printing press.
• 1492 - Staupsaule erected.^[2]

16th-18th centuries

• 1523 - Protestant Reformation.^[3]
• 1527 - City annexed to Austria.^[2]
• 1530 - City coat of arms adopted.
• 1585 - Plague.
• 1672 - House of the Seven Electors built.^[2]
• 1702 - Leopoldina Jesuit college founded.^[4]
• 1717 - Palace built.
• 1723 - Bergstadtverlag Wilhelm Gottlieb Korn (publisher) in business.
• 1741 - Prussians in power.^[4]
• 1742 - Schlesische Zeitung begins publication.^[5]
• 1757 - Austrians in power, succeeded by Prussians.^[4]
• 1760 - City besieged.^[2]

19th century

• 1806 - December: City besieged by forces of the Confederation of the Rhine.^[2]
• 1807 - Old fortifications dismantled.^[3]
• 1811 - Schlesische Friedrich-Wilhelm-Universität established.^[3]
• 1813 - Mobilization against Napoleon of France.^[2]
• 1815 - Royal Museum of Art and Antiquity established.
• 1823 - Population: 76,813.^[6]
• 1824 - Exchange built.^[7]
• 1829 - White Stork Synagogue opens.
• 1833 - Horse racing in Szczytnicki Park begins.
• 1836 - Slavonic Literary Society founded.
• 1841 - Opera House opens.
• 1842 - Upper Silesian Train Station built.
• 1846 - Royal Palace building renovated.^[2]
• 1854 - Jewish Theological Seminary founded.
• 1856 - Jewish Cemetery established in Gabitz.
• 1857 - Central Station opens.
• 1861 - Orchestral Society founded.
• 1863 - Stadhaus built.^[2]
• 1865
  • Zoological Garden opens.
  • Theatre built.^[2]
• 1871
  • City becomes part of German Empire.
  • New Church of St. Michael consecrated.^[2]
  • Opera house rebuilt.
• 1872
  • New Synagogue consecrated.
  • Piast Brewery in business.
• 1873 - Population: 208,025.^[2]
• 1880 - Silesian Museum of Fine Arts established.
• 1883
  • St. Mauritius Bridge constructed.
  • Lutheran Theological Seminar opens.
• 1886 - Viadrina (Jewish student society) formed.
• 1887 - "Government offices" built.^[3]
• 1889 - Dombrücke constructed.
• 1890 - Population: 335,186.^[3]
• 1892 - Monopol Hotel built.
• 1894 - Merchants Club built.^[8]
• 1896 - Kleinburg (Dworek) and Pöpelwitz (Popowice) villages become part of city.
• 1897 - Zwierzyniecki Bridge constructed.
• 1899 - Silesian Museum of Applied Arts established.

20th century

1900-1945

• 1903 - Flood.
• 1904
  • Herdain (Gaj) and Morgentau (Rakowiec) villages become part of city.
  • Barasch Brothers' Department Store opens.
• 1905
  • Population: 470,751.^[3]
  • Wrocław water tower built.
• 1908 - Market Hall built.
• 1909 - Theatre built.
• 1910
  • Grunwaldzki Bridge built.
  • Technische Hochschule was founded.
• 1911 - Gräbschen (Grabiszyn) village becomes part of city.
• 1913
  • Centennial Hall and Exhibition Grounds built.
  • Union of Jewish Liberal Youth organized.^[9]
• 1916 - Turnip winter (food rationing).
• 1919 - City becomes capital of Province of Lower Silesia.
• 1926 - Palace Museum opens.
• 1929 - Workplace and House Exhibition held.
• 1930
  • Wertheim Department Store opens.
  • June: City hosts Deutsche Kampfspiele.
  • 12 September: Hitler gives campaign speech at the Centennial Hall.
• 1932 - Conflict between Communists and Nazis.
• 1933 - January: Riots.^[10]
• 1938
  • July: Deutsches Turn- und Sportfest 1938 held.^[11]
  • November 9–10: Kristallnacht pogrom against Jews.
  • Airport built.
• 1941 - Olimp (organization) formed by Polish minority.
• 1943 - April 23: Polish Zagra-Lin attacks Nazi troop transport.
• 1944 - August: City declared a Nazi fortress.
• 1945
  • February 13-May 6: Siege of Breslau.^[12]
  • Polish Boleslaw Drobner becomes mayor.
  • Expulsion of Germans begins.

1946-1990s

• 1946
  • Ossolineum relocates to Wrocław from Lviv.
  • Academy of Fine Arts and Academy for the Dramatic Arts established.
  • Wrocław Puppet Theater active.^[8]
• 1947 - National Museum, Wrocław, and Trade College established.
• 1948 - Iglica installed.
• 1950 - Wrocław Medical University established.
• 1951 - Agricultural University established.
• 1956 - Pantomima established.^[13]
• 1959 - Wojewodzki Bridge constructed.
• 1965
  • Museum of Architecture established.
  • Teatr Laboratorium active.^[13]
• 1975 - City becomes capital of Wrocław Voivodeship.
• 1982 - Fighting Solidarity organization founded.
• 1985 - Raclawice Panorama re-opens.
• 1986 - Stefan Skapski becomes mayor.
• 1997 - Flood.^[14]
• 1999 - City becomes capital of Lower Silesian Voivodeship.

21st century

• 2001 - New Horizons Film Festival begins.
• 2002
  • Rafal Dutkiewicz becomes mayor.
  • Land Forces Military Academy established.
• 2003 - March 30: Football riot.
• 2009
  • Multimedia Fountain installed.
  • Renoma department store re-opens.
• 2010 - American Film Festival begins.
• 2011
  • Redzinski Bridge and Municipal Stadium open.
  • Population: 631,235.
• 2012 - City hosts part of UEFA Euro 2012.

See also

• History of Wrocław
• List of mayors of Wrocław
• List of bishops of Wrocław
• Category:Timelines of cities in Poland (in Polish)

References

1. "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Germany". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved November 2015.
2. Baedeker 1873.
3. Britannica 1910.
4. Richard Brookes (1786), "Breslaw", The General Gazetteer (6th ed.), London: J.F.C. Rivington
5. 150 Jahre Schlesische Zeitung, 1742-1892 (in German), W.G. Korn, 1892, OCLC 8658059
6. Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Breslau", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
7. "Breslau", Northern Germany as far as the Bavarian and Austrian frontiers (15th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 78390379
8. "Historia Teatru" (in Polish). Wrocławski Teatr Lalek. Retrieved November 26, 2012.
9. Julius H. Greenstone (1931). "Liberal Jewish Youth Association of Breslau". Jewish Quarterly Review. New Series 21.
10. "Riots in Breslau as Corn Returns". New York Times. January 25, 1933.
11. "Nazis Hold Sport Week". New York Times. July 25, 1938.
12. "Soviet Siege Army Captures Breslau; 40,000 Germans Surrender After 84-Day Struggle". New York Times. May 8, 1945.
13. Robert R. Findlay; Halina Filipowicz (1975). "The 'Other Theatre' of Wrocław: Henryk Tomaszewski and the Pantomima". Educational Theatre Journal 27.
14. "Poles Hold Off Floodwaters in Wrocław". New York Times. July 14, 1997. Retrieved November 26, 2012.

This article incorporates information from the Polish Wikipedia and German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

• "Breslau", Northern Germany (5th ed.), Coblenz: Karl Baedeker, 1873, OCLC 5947482
• George Bradshaw (1898), "Breslau", Bradshaw's Illustrated Hand-book to Germany, London: Adams & Sons
• "Breslau", The Encyclopaedia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424
• Robert E Dickinson (1951). "Structure of the German City: Breslau". West European City: a Geographical Interpretation. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-25970-8.
• George Lerski (1996). "Wroclaw". Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-03456-5.
• Piotr Wróbel (1998). "Wroclaw". Historical Dictionary of Poland 1945-1996. Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 978-1-135-92694-6.
• Laurențiu Rădvan (2010), "Towns in the Kingdom of Poland: Wroclaw and Krakow", At Europe's Borders: Medieval Towns in the Romanian Principalities, Translated by Valentin Cîrdei, Leiden: Brill, p. 47+, ISBN 9789004180109

in other languages

• "Breslau". Allgemeine Deutsche Real-Encyclopädie für die Gebildeten Stände (in German) (7th ed.). Leipzig: Brockhaus. 1827.
• "Breslau". Biblioteca geographica: Verzeichniss der seit der Mitte des vorigen Jahrhunderts bis zu Ende des Jahres 1856 in Deutschland (in German). Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. 1858. (bibliography)
• Ludwig Sittenfeld (1909), Geschichte des Breslauer Theaters von 1841 bis 1900 [History of the Breslau Theatre from 1841 to 1900] (in German), Breslau: Preusz
• P. Krauss und E. Uetrecht, ed. (1913). "Breslau". Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas [Meyer's Atlas of German Cities] (in German). Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut.
• Institut für vergleichende Städtegeschichte, ed. (1989), Breslau, Deutscher Städteatlas (in German) 4, ISBN 3891150008

External links

• Links to fulltext city directories for Breslau via Wikisource
• Europeana. Items related to Wroclaw, various dates.

Coordinates: 51°07′N 17°02′E / 51.117°N 17.033°E