Trolleybuses in Tehran
 Trolleybuses in Imam Hossein Square: northeast depot vehicle in front, south depot vehicle behind. | |
| Operation | |
|---|---|
| Locale | Tehran, Iran |
| Open | 14 September 1992 |
| Close | 2013 |
| Status | Closed |
| Routes | 5 |
| Infrastructure | |
| Stock |
65 Škoda 15Tr 1 Volvo B10M |
| Statistics | |
| Route length | 13.9 km (8.6 mi) (2005)[1] |
The Tehran trolleybus system (Persian:سامانهٔ اتوبوس برقی تهران) served Tehran, the capital city of Iran, from 1992 to 2013.[2] It was the only trolleybus system ever to have existed in Iran.[3] At its maximum extent, the system had five routes, served by at least 65 trolleybuses.
History
The system commenced operations on 14 September 1992,[2][4] on a route about 7 km (4.3 mi) in length, between Meydan-e-Emam-Hoseyn (Imam Hossein Square) and Terminal-e-Sharq, running along Damavand Khiyaban (Damavand Street).[2] A fleet of 35 Škoda 15Tr articulated trolleybuses opened the system, and 30 more of the same type arrived in 1992 to expand the fleet to 65 vehicles.[2] The still-new system then grew with the opening of several more routes and extensions.
Visitors in 2014 found that the system had ceased operation, and by October at least, all of the wiring had been taken down.[2] It was subsequently determined that the closure had apparently taken place sometime in 2013, but the exact date remains unknown.[2] Around 10 trolleybuses were still being stored at the southern depot in October 2014.[2] Although it was reported after the closure that a return of electric buses was planned,[5] there was no indication of whether these would be trolleybuses or some other type of electric bus.[2]
Lines
As of 2005, trolleybuses were operating on five routes, all starting at Meydan-e-Emam-Hoseyn (Imam Hossein Square),[1] near Imam Hossein station of the Tehran Metro Line 2. The total route length, not counting shared sections, was 13.9 kilometres (8.6 miles).[1]
Northeastern lines
The two routes running northeastwards, lines 1 and 2, operated almost entirely in a segregated busway located in the middle of the wide carriageway (along Damavand Khiyaban), stopping only at purpose-built stops located about every 500 metres, effectively making these routes trolleybus-BRT (but they were not called such).[1]
Line 1 was the primary northeastern route, and was 6.9 km (4.3 mi) long. Line 2 was an express line following the same route, but serving fewer stops.[1] Both lines terminated at Terminal-e-Sharq. Sometime between 2005 and autumn 2010, both of these routes were closed, and their wiring was taken down.[2][1]
Southern lines
The other three trolleybus routes, lines 3, 4 and 5, ran south from Meydan-e-Emam-Hoseyn along Hefdah-e-Shahrivar (Shahrivar Street) and operated in mixed-traffic. Both route sections were served both by limited-stop services and local (making all stops) services.[1]
Line 3 terminated at Meydan-e-Chorasan, and line 4 continued farther south, to Bozorgrah-e-Be'sat. Line 5 branched off Hefdah-e-Shahrivar along Khiaban-e Shush (Shush Street), and terminated initially at Meydan-e-Shush (Shush Square),[1] which is the location of Shush Metro Station on metro line 1.
A 3.2 km (2.0 mi) extension of line 5 from Meydan-e-Shush to Meydan-e-Rah Ahan (Rah Ahan Square) and the railway station there opened in March 2010.[6] However, at an unknown date thereafter, Meydan-e-Emam-Hoseyn (Imam Hossein Square) was converted into a pedestrian zone, and the trolleybus service was cut back by about 1 km to Meydan-e-Shohada.[2] This deprived the trolleybus system of its main role as a fast surface connection to the metro station at Meydan-e-Emam-Hoseyn,[2] causing a decline in ridership that is believed to have been a factor in the c. 2013 closure decision.
Fleet
The backbone of the Tehran trolleybus fleet was 65 Škoda 15Tr articulated buses.[3]
The Škodas were built in the then Czechoslovakia in 1991 (fleet numbers 794–828) and 1992 (fleet numbers 921–950).
Around 2006, a two-axle prototype vehicle was built; it was based on a Volvo B10M.[4]
Depots
Tehran's trolleybuses were based at two depots; the two groups of vehicles could be distinguished by their liveries.
The trolleybuses used on lines 1 and 2 wore a green-yellow-white livery (the system's original livery) and were based at the northeastern depot, at Terminal-e-Sharq. These were the 1992 vehicles, carrying fleet numbers mostly in the 900 series.[1]
Those operating lines 3, 4 and 5 were liveried blue and white (in some cases with yellow highlights) and were based at the southern depot, near Bozorgrah-e-Be'sat. They carried 800-series fleet numbers (the 1991 vehicles).[1]
See also
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Trolleybus Magazine No. 265 (January–February 2006), pp. 16–17. National Trolleybus Association (UK).
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Haseldine, Peter (March–April 2015). "Tehran Closure". Trolleybus Magazine No. 320, pp. 40–43. National Trolleybus Association (UK). ISSN 0266-7452.
- 1 2 Murray, Alan (2000). World Trolleybus Encyclopaedia, pp. 57 and 99. Yateley, Hampshire, UK: Trolleybooks. ISBN 0-904235-18-1.
- 1 2 "Trolleybus city: Teheran (Iran)". TrolleyMotion. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
- ↑ "Electric Buses to be Back Soon". Financial Tribune (Tehran, Iran). 29 September 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
- ↑ Trolleybus Magazine No. 298 (July–August 2011), pp. 89–90. National Trolleybus Association (UK).
External links
Media related to Trolleybuses in Tehran at Wikimedia Commons
- Trolleybus city: Teheran (Iran) at Trolleymotion (English)
- Tehran database / photo gallery and Tehran trolleybus list at Urban Electric Transit – in various languages, including English.
Coordinates: 35°42′5″N 51°26′53″E / 35.70139°N 51.44806°E