Tubulinea

Tubulinea
A typical amoeba
Scientific classification
(unranked):	Amoebozoa
Subphylum:	Lobosa
Class:	Tubulinea Smirnov et al. 2005
Orders and Families
Sarcodina (subclass)  Tubulinida    Amoebidae    Hartmannellidae   Leptomyxida   Arcellinida Uncertain placement    Echinamoebidae    Trichosidae

The Tubulinea are a major grouping of Amoebozoa, including most of the larger and more familiar amoebae like Amoeba, Arcella, and Difflugia.

Characteristics

During locomotion most Tubulinea have a roughly cylindrical form or produce numerous cylindrical pseudopods. Each cylinder advances by a single central stream of cytoplasm, granular in appearance, and has no subpseudopodia. This distinguishes them from other amoeboid groups, although in some members this is not the normal type of locomotion.

Classification

This class was anticipated by some biologists like Jahn, who grouped all amoebae with granular pseudopodia together,^[1] but most split the lobose amoebae into testate Testacealobosia and naked Gymnamoebia. These latter are polyphyletic, but molecular trees by Bolivar et al.^[2] identified a core monophyletic subgroup. Subsequent studies showed the testate lobose amoebae belong to the same group, which was thus renamed Lobosea sensu stricto^[3] or Tubulinea.^[4]

References

1. Jahn, Bovee, Jahn (1979). How to know the protozoa. Wm. C. Brown Company Publishers. ISBN 0-697-04759-8.
2. Bolivar, I., Fahrni, J.F., Smirnov, A. & Pawlowski, J. (2001). "SSU rRNA-based Phylogenetic Position of the Genera Amoeba and Chaos (Lobosea, Gymnamoebia): The Origin of Gymnamoebae Revisited". Molecular Biology and Evolution 18 (12): 2306–2314. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003777. PMID 11719580.
3. Cavalier-Smith, T., Chao, E-Y, Oates, B. (2004). "Molecular phylogeny of the Amoebozoa and evolutionary significance of the unikont Phalansterium". European Journal of Protistology 40: 21–48. doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2003.10.001.
4. Smirnov, A.V., Nassonova, E.S., Berney, C., Fahrni, J., Bolivar, I. & Pawlowski, J. (2005). "Molecular phylogeny and classification of the lobose amoebae". Protist 156 (2): 129–142. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2005.06.002. PMID 16171181.