Tulgheș

Not to be confused with Tulghieș.
Tulgheş
Gyergyótölgyes
Commune

The wooden church of the Romanian Orthodox community
Tulgheş
Coordinates: 46°56′27″N 25°43′3″E / 46.94083°N 25.71750°E / 46.94083; 25.71750Coordinates: 46°56′27″N 25°43′3″E / 46.94083°N 25.71750°E / 46.94083; 25.71750
Country  Romania
County Harghita County
Area 244.47 km2 (94.39 sq mi)
Population (2011)[1] 3,276
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
  Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3)
Area code(s) +40 266
Website www.tulghes.ro/index.php

Tulgheş (Hungarian: Gyergyótölgyes or colloquially Tölgyes, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈɟɛrɟoːtølɟɛʃ], meaning "place with oak trees in Gyergyó") is a commune in Harghita County, Romania. It lies in eastern Transylvania. The commune is composed of four villages: Hagota (Hágótő), Pintic (Péntekpataka), Recea (Récefalva) and Tulgheş.

Demography

At the 2011 census, 70.8% of inhabitants were Romanians and 28.8% Hungarians (Székelys). At the 2002 census, 65.5% of inhabitants were Romanian Orthodox and 31.3% Roman Catholic.[2]

Tulgheş and Recea have ethnic Romanian majorities with large minorities of ethnic Hungarians, Pintic has an absolute Romanian majority, and Hagota has a Hungarian majority.

General Info

The community of Tulgheș is situated in the northeast part of Harghita County at an average altitude of 650m, on the lower part of the Bistricioara River.

This river flows from Călimani from an altitude of 1,350m and crosses a total of 68.5 km. The Bistricioara River Basin is formed by the streams:

Tulgheş received its name from the Tulgheş Pass, which links the Hang Depression in Neamț County with the Giurgeu Depression in Harghita County.

Transportation and Important Places in the Area

Transportation in the area is exclusively by road.

Nearby notable cities include: Borsec (20 km), Bilbor (45 km via Borsec and then DJ144A), Toplita (45 km), Ditrău (34 km via DJ127), Gheorgheni (47 km via DJ127 81 km via Toplita).

Larger cities in the area include: Piatra Neamț (93 km), Târgu Neamț (69 km), Vatra Dornei (109 km via the Bistrița Valley, 89 km via Borsec-Creanga Pass-Bilbor on DJ174A).

Geomorphological and Climactic Highlights

The mountains around the village are:

The climate is specific to mountain zones with cool summers (average temperature of 14-16 degrees C in July) and moderate winters.

The average annual temperature ranges from 5-6 degrees C, and the average rainfall is about 1000mm/m2. There is snow on the ground 80–100 days per year, with an average thickness of 250 cm in the higher mountain altitudes. Due to the shelter of the mountains surrounding it, The Corbu-Tulgheș Depression receives more favorable weather conditions than in the Giurgeu Depression of the Upper Mureș Valley, where temperatures are much lower.

Economic Highlights

The primary economic source is the development of local natural resources. However, a secondary source is pastoral farming and vegetable farming practiced in private households, where a smaller yield is cultivated because the primary goal is sustainability.

On the way toward Mt. Grințieș via the Primatar River Valley on the perimeter of Preluca Ursului, there is a uranium deposit with two areas of experimental exploration: Primatar I and II, which are currently in preservation.

The community also benefits from a post office and several private trade shops, including a barber, shoemaker and blacksmith.

Historical Highlights

The community of Tulgheș developed after the 17th century, mainly in the 19th century when there was a change in the local Transcarpathian roads. At the end of the 18th century, the Priska Pass used to be the gateway for travelers by foot and horseback. The official customs and quarantine office was on Mt. Priska (Piricske) between Putna and Belcina. Those coming from Gheorgheni used to climb up Mt. Tătarul (Tatárhágo) and then descend via the Putna Valley, and, through Tulgheș, arrived in Moldavia. The Transylvanian checkpoint at Priska moved in 1806 toward Gura Putnei in Tulgheș, while the Moldovan checkpoint moved to Prisecani (1792).

The population flood from the Mureș corridor (Romanian and Székely) and from the Bistrița Valley took over the existing Romanian population in Tulgheș.

The name, which comes from “Oak Tree” after the oak forest found on the southern slope of the foothills of the Bistrița Mountains toward the Bistricioara Valley, was changed to Tölgyes while under Hungarian rule. However, it was later renamed Tulgheș after the Great Unification, similar to Rezu Mare (Nagyréz), Pârâul Mărului (Marpatak) and Gyergótölgyes, etc.

Opportunities

In the Tulgheș area, there are 30 mineral springs, of which 11 have been recorded and inventoried. The current bioclimate also makes the area suitable for spas. The most important springs are Șesul Comarnicului, Laurențiu, Branea, Prisecani, Diacul de Sus, Diacul de Jos, Cibeni, Șandoreni and Rezu Mare.

Touristic Landmarks and Memorials

References

  1. Romanian census data, 2011; retrieved on June 29, 2012
  2. Romanian Census 2002; retrieved on July 23, 2010

Bibliography

External links

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