Ursula (character)

Ursula
First appearance The Little Mermaid (1989)
Created by Ron Clements
John Musker
Voiced by Pat Carroll
Jodi Benson (Vanessa)
Information
Aliases Vanessa
Gender Female
Family Morgana (younger sister)

Ursula is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Pictures' 28th animated feature film The Little Mermaid (1989). Voiced by American actress Pat Carroll, Ursula is a sea witch who tricks a mermaid princess named Ariel into trading her voice for a pair of human legs, at first appearing to be providing the character with an opportunity to become human by temporarily transforming her into one so that she may earn the love of Prince Eric within three days. However, Ursula is in fact determined to sabotage Ariel's chances at any expense so that she can ultimately replace the mermaid's father King Triton as ruler over Atlantica.

Created by directors and screenwriters Ron Clements and John Musker, Ursula is based on the sea witch character who appears in the fairy tale "The Little Mermaid" by Hans Christian Andersen. However, her minor role was greatly expanded into that of a much more prominent villain for the film. Disney had struggled to cast Ursula for a year, during which the role was well sought-after by several coveted television actresses at the time. Clements and Musker disagreed with lyricist Howard Ashman about who should voice the character. While the directors had written the role with Bea Arthur in mind, Ashman intended to offer it to soap opera star Joan Collins, both of whom rejected it. When Ashman cast his second choice, Broadway actress Elaine Stritch, as Ursula, the two stage veterans disagreed about the way in which Ursula's song "Poor Unfortunate Souls" should be performed, and Pat Carroll was finally hired to replace Stritch after Ashman fired her. Deepening her own voice for the role, Carroll based her performance on a combination of Shakespearean actresses and car salespeople.

Animated by Ruben A. Aquino, Ursula's original design was inspired by several different sea creatures, including manta rays and scorpion fish, before Clements finally decided to base the character on an octopus; her number of tentacles was reduced from eight to six for financial reasons. Ursula's appearance was also inspired by American actor and drag queen Divine. When The Little Mermaid was first released in 1989, Ursula was immediately embraced as one of Disney's best villains, and continues to be ranked highly among the studio's greatest by the media. Praised for being both humorous and frightening, the character has garnered positive reviews from film critics, some of whom dubbed her Disney's strongest villain in decades. Meanwhile, Carroll's performance has garnered similar acclaimed to the point of which the role has eclipsed her previous body of work, ultimately becoming virtually synonymous with the character.

Development

Conception and writing

At the behest of Disney executives Michael Eisner and Jeffrey Katzenberg, director and screenwriter Ron Clements was among one of several filmmakers instructed to research new ideas to potentially adapt into the studio's next animated feature film.[1] Clements first discovered Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tale "The Little Mermaid" in a book of fairy tales at a local bookstore, and began wondering why Disney had never attempted to adapt the story before, eventually concluding that its sadness was a possible factor.[1] In fact, Walt Disney himself had actually attempted to adapt the fairy tale as early as the 1930s,[2] but the project was ultimately shelved.[3] Clements suggested the idea of adapting "The Little Mermaid" into a feature-length animated film to Katzenberg, who finally green-lit it after having rejected it at first.[2] The Little Mermaid became Disney's first fairy tale adaptation in 30 years;[4] it had been preceded by Sleeping Beauty, which was released in 1959.[2]

Hardly appearing in Andersen's story,[5] the sea witch is not a prominent character in the original tale, and lacks a proper name.[6] In Clements' original treatment, Ariel is the only character who is actually given a name.[1] Among his ideas to make the story different, Clements decided to "make the witch more of a villain", describing Ursula as "a fun character to develop".[1] In Andersen's original fairy tale, the sea witch is not so much a villain as she is simply "a disreputable mermaid."[7] JR Thorpe of Bustle agreed that, in Andersen's story, "The sea witch isn't the enemy". Instead, "human (and mermaid) nature is."[8] While the original sea witch is willing to help the mermaid despite the fact that she disagrees with her decision, Ursula is only interested in helping Ariel in order to ultimately overthrow her father.[9] Emma James of Teen Ink wrote that in addition to giving the character the name "Ursula", the studio "changed her role as a catalyst in the tale, and morphed her actions into those of an antagonist."[10]

Lyricist, producer and writer Howard Ashman had envisioned Ursula's relationship with King Triton as a soap opera, and thus drew inspiration from soap star Joan Collins for the character.[11] Ursula was originally conceived as Triton's sister,[12] which naturally would have made the character Ariel's aunt,[13] but the idea was ultimately abandoned.[14] However, their blood relationship is vaguely alluded to when the character mentions a time during which she actually lived in Triton's palace.[15] Clements and Musker had originally intended for Ursula to remain her original size at the end of the film.[16] However, Katzenberg had just seen the film Die Hard (1988), which inspired him to request a "bigger" ending for The Little Mermaid, and thus he instructed the writers to have Ursula grow much larger in size during her climactic fight with Ariel and Eric.[16]

Voice and music

Ursula is voiced by American actress and comedian Pat Carroll.[17] However, Carroll was not the filmmakers' first choice for the role; Clements, Musker and Ashman had long debated who should voice the villain,[18] the casting process for whom was long and difficult, and lasted an entire year.[19][20] In his book Makin' Toons: Inside the Most Popular Animated TV Shows and Movies, author Allan Neuwirth wrote that the filmmakers searched "for just the right performer who could put across the deep-voiced, world-weary, deadpan villainness they had in mind–but never quite snaring their catch".[21] While Ashman was interested in actress Joan Collins because he was a fan of her performance as Alexis Colby in the soap opera Dynasty,[20] Clements and Musker favored actress Bea Arthur, for whom they had actually written the role,[1] describing Ursula as "having a Bea Arthur-type basso voice" in their original screenplay.[18] Clements and Musker expected that Arthur would naturally accept the role because she had already been working for Disney's Touchstone Television on the sitcom The Golden Girls.[20] However, Arthur's agent resented the directors for suggesting that her client voice a witch,[20] refusing to present the screenplay to the actress.[18]

From left to right: Joan Collins, Bea Arthur and Elaine Stritch, the three main actresses who had been tied to the role of Ursula before Pat Carroll was ultimately cast; while the role had been rejected by Collins and Arthur's management, Stritch was released from the project due to experiencing creative conflicts with lyricist Howard Ashman.

With Arthur eliminated, Clements and Musker were forced to audition other favourite television actresses of theirs, including Nancy Marchand, Charlotte Rae and Roseanne Barr,[18] the last of whom had originally auditioned for the role of the chambermaid Carlotta.[11] Initially amused by her nasal voice, Howard invited the comedian to read for Ursula, but ultimately deemed her approach unsuitable for the character.[19] Jazz singer Nancy Wilson also auditioned for Ursula.[20] Meanwhile, Ashman had been unsuccessful in recruiting Collins because Dynasty producer Aaron Spelling feared that the actress' career would be jeopardized should she voice an animated character.[20] Thus, Ashman pursued his second choice, Broadway veteran Elaine Stritch, of whom he had been a long-time fan.[18] The audition process required actresses to both recite scenes from the film and perform a Broadway-style song of their choice.[19] Ultimately, the two finalists were Clements and Musker's Rae, and Ashman's Stritch,[20] the latter of whom eventually won the role over Rae because her rendition of Ursula's song "Poor Unfortunate Souls" was preferred.[18] Musker described Stritch's approach to Ursula as "an eccentric, loopy reading," comparing it to Johnny Depp’s performance as Jack Sparrow in Pirates of the Caribbean.[20] However, Stritch soon began to experience creative differences with Ashman because she found it difficult to follow the lyricist's "very specific directions", which were described by Musker as "Svengali-like".[18] After several weeks of refusing to perform the song at Ashman's preferred tempo, combined with her alcoholism,[20] the lyricist fired Stritch from the project,[19] and Clements and Musker were forced to hold auditions to find her replacement.[18]

Carroll had been informed about The Little Mermaid's auditions by her agent,[21] and instantly agreed to audition for the role because she had always wanted to voice a Disney character.[21] However, she felt that her chances were slim upon realizing that her competition consisted of mostly famous actresses she recognized from film and television, joking, "This was not, 'Oh, we must get Pat Carroll'."[18] Making the character her own, Musker described Carroll's approach as a combination of actors Maurice Evans and Tallulah Bankhead.[19] Although pleased with both her acting and signing auditions,[21] Carroll did not hear from her agent about the role until a year later when he finally contacted her to congratulate her on being cast, a role for which the actress initially did not remember auditioning.[18] Carroll was entirely committed to the role, giving it complete precedence over all other jobs and opportunities at the time.[21] Carroll's first task was to record "Poor Unfortunate Souls", her approach to which was remarkably different than Stritch's, first asking Howard to demonstrate exactly how he wanted her to perform the song before even attempting it.[18] Carroll completely credits Ashman with her delivery,[6] explaining, "I got the whole attitude from him ... and his shoulders would twitch a certain way, and his eyes would go a certain way ... I got more about that character from Howard singing that song than from anything else."[18] Carroll also borrowed Ursula's habit of saying "innit" instead of "isn't it" from Ashman.[18] Despite their cordiality, Carroll described working with Ashman and composer Alan Menken as "brutal" because of the songwriters' "military" approach, often returning home from recording sessions with blown vocal chords after recording a single performance "over and over and over again".[18] Carroll recalled her daughter, filmmaker Tara Karsian, reassuring her that "you're in something that fifty years from now may be shown ... What you're working on now will be seen by our children, and our grandchildren, and our great-grandchildren" after complaining to her about one of her recording sessions.[18] Describing her own performance as Shakespearean, Carroll perceived Ursula as an "ex-Shakespearean actress who now sold cars", which inspired her dry, theatrical voice acting.[18] Carroll also deepened her own voice for the role.[22] With "Poor Unfortunate Souls", Ursula became the first Disney villainness to receive her own song.[23] When Carroll watched the completed film for the first time, she was frightened by her own performance, comparing it to actress Margaret Hamilton's performance as the Wicked Witch of the West in the film The Wizard of Oz (1939).[21] Instead of Carroll, actress Jodi Benson, voice of Ariel, briefly voices "Vanessa", Ursula's beautiful human alter-ego into whom she transforms herself to trick Prince Eric into marrying her instead of Ariel.[24]

Design

American actor and drag queen Divine provided the primary inspiration for Ursula's design.

During The Little Mermaid's production, Ursula's design evolved dramatically. Animator Glen Keane's earliest sketches of Ursula had been drawn to resemble Rae based on the actress' audition.[19] The casting of Stritch and her performance subsequently inspired the animators to design Ursula as "a tall, thin regal-looking sea witch" based on manta rays and scorpion fish, complete with a long cape.[18] At one point, Ursula had also been envisioned as a spiky spinefish.[6] Ursula's appearance was largely inspired by American actor and drag queen Divine,[2] who was best known for his appearances in several films by director John Waters.[15] Similarities were first drawn between the character and the actor after animator Rob Minkoff had sketched "a vampy overweight matron who everyone agreed looked a lot like Divine", to which Ashman responded, "She looks like a Miami Beach matron ... playing Mah Jong by the pool.”[25] The character shares Divine's signature eye makeup, jewelry and body type while donning a Mohawk,[25] the last of which was based on the actor's Pink Flamingos (1972) character Babs Johnson's hairstyle.[26] However, Minkoff had drawn the character with a shark's tale at the time.[25] Clements eventually decided to place Ursula's head atop the body of an octopuses instead, which ultimately resulted in her current design.[1] The animators then studied the way in which octopuses move, explaining, "There was a very kind of seductive and yet scary aspect", which they incorporated into the character.[1] The Mohawk was ultimately discarded because Disney felt that the hairstyle was "too over-the-top".[26] Additionally, Ursula's face was also inspired by that of Madame Medusa from Disney's The Rescuers (1997).[27]

Having animated previous Disney villains, Keane was originally approached to be the supervising animator of Ursula, but declined in favor of animating Ariel because he longed to attempt something different.[28] Thus, Keane was replaced by Ruben A. Aquino.[29] The character had originally been drawn with a full set of eight tentacles, which were eventually reduced to a more manageable six because the original amount would have been too difficult and expensive to animate.[3][30] According to Carroll,[31] this modification actually makes the character more similar to a squid than an octopus.[30] However, whether or not Ursula is an octopus continues to be debated among both critics and fans because some believe that the character's arms actually account for the two remaining tentacles.[26][31][32] Clements admitted that the character's tentacles made animating her a challenge nonetheless.[33] Ursula's animators studied Monstro from Disney's Pinocchio (1940) in order to animate the character as her enlarged self emerges from the sea.[6] Divine never lived to see his own likeness used in The Little Mermaid; the actor passed away in 1988, one year before the film was released.[25] However, his associates agree that Divine would have greatly enjoyed Ursula.[25] Documentarian Jeffrey Schwartz joked that Divine would have wanted to play the Ursula himself had he known about the character, having once told Waters "When I was young, all I wanted to be was a Disney villain".[25]

Characterization and themes

About.com's David Nusair observed that "There’s no limit to how low Ursula will stoop to achieve her goal",[34] often relying on a combination of sorcery and deception to achieve them.[35] Ursula agrees to help those less fortunate than her solely so that she can earn something from them in return.[36] Identifying Ursula as Ariel's binary due to the former character's experience and authority, Collision of Realities: Establishing Research on the Fantastic in Europe author Lars Schmeink described Ursula as a "far more complex and mature character" character than Ariel, embodying what the mermaid "can become".[37] To Ariel, Ursula represents "the matronly image" who "instigate[s] the young princess' epic journey" as she longs to receive the witch's "sage-like knowledge and power".[37] Teen Ink's Emma James believes that Ursula's death ultimately prevents Ariel from experiencing and thus learning from the full consequences of her actions, concluding, "In the end, the Witch does die, but Ariel never really owns up to all the mishap she caused."[10] Observing that Ursula fairly warns Ariel about the consequences for failing to earn a kiss from Eric, Laura Stampler of Time described the character as A "Savvy contract negotiator" whose "legalese is so good that even Triton can’t find a loophole."[38]

Makin' Toons: Inside the Most Popular Animated TV Shows and Movies author Allan Neuwirth wrote that Ursula adheres to Disney's "long-standing tradition of depicting classic scoundrels ... none so unsettling as their female villains."[21] Neuwirth believes that audiences' feelings towards villainnesses "stems from our expectations of nurturing, comfort and honesty from our mothers", and described Ursula as "a delectably dark addition to Disney's pantheon of villainy."[21] According to Gwynne Watkins of Yahoo!, "Ursula assures Ariel that human men prefer their women to be silent," however, "the opposite proves to be true" in the end.[39] Sophie Hall of Beamly identified Ursula as simply a woman who is trying to "run the kingdom in a man’s world, having been kicked out for no specific reason."[40] In response to feminist concerns regarding the film, Amy M. Davis observed in her book Handsome Heroes and Vile Villains: Masculinity in Disney's Feature Films that Ursula actually provides "Eric with the power to make Ariel permanently human".[41]

In her book Tales, Then and Now: More Folktales as Literary Fictions for Young Adults, author Anna E. Altmann drew similarities between Ursula and Satan because both Ariel and Triton are forced to "sign a contract ... with her";[9] James Plath of Movie Metropolis described Ursula's contract as "a Mephistophelean bargain."[42] Felix Vasquez of Cinema Crazed observed that "is evil just for the sake of being evil".[43] Writing for the Disney Archives, Dave Smith observed that Ursula "has the gross unsubtlety of Ratigan from 'The Great Mouse Detective' but substantially more brio."[44] Describing Ursula as "Bejewelled and lip-pouting like an overweight, over-rich, over-pampered, over-the-top society hostess gone mad," Smith perceived the character as "all flair, flamboyance, and theatricality mixed with a touch of con-artistry", citing wrath as her only genuine emotion.[44] Additionally, Ursula tends to act as though she is performing for an audience.[44] According to Gary Thompson of the Philadelphia Daily News, Ursula resembles businesswoman Leona Helmsley,[45] while Jay Boyar of the Orlando Sentinel compared the character's appearance to that of evangelist Tammy Faye.[46] Ursula demonstrates masculine physical traits at times.[47] Describing the character as "A campy sea witch with an insatiable thirst for power", Rolling Stone's David Ehrlich believes that Ursula resembles Divine and Donald Trump's offspring.[48] Some critics identify the character with body positivity. According to Michaela Glover of The Odyssey, "Ursula portrays a bold business woman, not being afraid to show off her curves and use them, which defies the typical standards of beauty by also being a full figured woman."[49]

Appearances

The Little Mermaid

When Ursula first appears in the film, she states through monologue that she once lived in the royal palace of King Triton. Ursula commands her minions, the twin green moray eels Flotsam and Jetsam, to watch Triton's youngest daughter Ariel; her plan to seize power centers around Ariel's forbidden love for the human Prince Eric. When King Triton discovers the human artifacts hidden in Ariel's grotto, he uses the power of his trident to destroy everything, including a statue of Eric. Afterward, Triton departs, leaving Ariel to weep alone.

Taking advantage of Ariel's trauma, Flotsam and Jetsam enter the grotto and persuade her to go to Ursula's lair, claiming that the sea witch is the only one who can solve her problem. Via the song "Poor Unfortunate Souls", Ursula proposes a deal in which she will turn Ariel into a human for three days. If Ariel receives the "kiss of true love" from Prince Eric before sunset on the third day, her transformation will be permanent. However, if Ariel fails, she will turn back into a mermaid and belong to Ursula forever. The price of transformation is Ariel's voice.

Ariel signs a magical contract and Ursula takes her voice, then transforms Ariel into a mute human. As the three days pass and Ariel comes "too close" to succeeding, an enraged Ursula decides to sabotage the bargain and takes the form of a beautiful human woman named "Vanessa" (voiced by Jodi Benson).

Ursula magically hypnotizes Eric into marrying Vanessa on the third day, but shortly before the wedding Scuttle discovers that Vanessa is really Ursula in disguise and hurries to tell Ariel. Scuttle helps ruin the wedding, and during the mayhem, Ursula's necklace is destroyed, breaking the spell on Eric and restoring Ariel's voice to its original owner.

The sun sets just before Ariel and Eric can kiss, and Ariel reverts to her mermaid form. Ursula, transforming back into her true form, claims Ariel and drags her into the sea. Triton then confronts Ursula, demanding she release Ariel, but even his power cannot break the contract. Utilizing her new leverage, Ursula offers to let Triton take Ariel's place in the deal. Triton accepts and is transformed into a polyp. With Triton no longer a threat, Ursula gathers up the crown and trident, becoming the new ruler of the seas.

After Flotsam and Jetsam are accidentally killed during a brief confrontation, a furious Ursula uses the trident's power to grow into a gargantuan-sized version of herself and a battle ensues between her, Ariel and Eric. Ursula gains the upper hand and corners Ariel but before she can deliver the killing blow, Eric impales her with a ship, she is killed as a result and sinks below. With Ursula defeated and destroyed, her evil spells also cease to function; the polyps turn back into merpeople and escape from Ursula's hideout.

Television series

Ursula appears as the antagonist in four episodes of The Little Mermaid prequel television series: "Against the Tide", "Tail of Two Crabs", "Heroes" and "Ariel's Treasures". In all four episodes, she executes various plans to antagonize King Triton and take over Atlantica, but all fail. In the first two episodes, interaction between Ariel and Ursula is kept at a minimum, but in the later ones, Ariel and Ursula face each other more directly.

The Little Mermaid II: Return to the Sea

Ursula does not appear in the direct-to-video film The Little Mermaid II: Return to the Sea, but she is mentioned many times, mostly by her younger sister Morgana, also voiced by Pat Carroll. In the family portrait during the cut song "Gonna Get My Wish", Ursula was also depicted with light green skin similar to Morgana and their mother.

In other media

Ursula appears in Disney park attractions such as the Fantasmic! show debuted in 1992 at Disneyland Park, as one of the Disney Villains summoned to destroy Mickey Mouse. Ursula is a central character in the annual Halloween-themed fireworks show HalloWishes at the Walt Disney World Magic Kingdom Mickey's Not-So-Scary Halloween Party "hard ticket" event. Ursula also appears at the tail end of the Little Mermaid unit in Walt Disney's Parade of Dreams at Disneyland.

In the Kingdom Hearts video game, Ursula appears as one of Maleficent's co-conspirators, using the power of the Heartless to attack Atlantica and gain power. In this version of events, the official walkthrough states that Ursula was King Triton's fortuneteller before she was banished. Ursula is eventually defeated by Sora, Ariel, Donald Duck and Goofy. In Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories, she appears as a facsimile created from Sora's memories. In Kingdom Hearts II, Ursula mysteriously returns through the powers of darkness and appears to Ariel, and recreates her film role. As the film's storyline is retold in the game, Ursula does not recognize Sora and company, and Ariel makes no mention of her defeat in the original Kingdom Hearts. In fact, when Ursula arrives to make the deal with Ariel, the latter reacts as though she has seen Ursula for the first time. Sora, however, does note that Ursula "got what she deserved" in the first game. At the story's climax, she is defeated when Eric hurls the trident straight through Ursula's chest, destroying her seemingly once and for all. However, she reappears in the Kingdom Hearts 3D: Dream Drop Distance, confronting Sora and Riku out at sea in her giant form from the end of the movie. The game gives conflicting hints on whether or not this Ursula is the "real one," and serves a very small role, providing the tutorial to the game's battle system and delivering a line that foreshadows the plot of the game's main antagonist, Xehanort.

She has appeared for the concept art from Epic Mickey in 2010. When Ursula tries to kidnap Gremlin Gus, Mickey comes to the rescue and saved him from trying to let go of her clutches.

Ursula appeared occasionally in the animated television series Disney's House of Mouse (2001) as one of Mickey's guests at the night club. In the feature film Mickey's House of Villains she participated in the musical number "It's Our House Now" alongside other Disney villains, and is one of Jafar's henchmen.[50]

Books

Ursula has appeared in various Disney Press novels and tie-ins for the franchise. A comic book series "Disney's The Little Mermaid" was released in 1992, revolving around the adventures of Ariel living under the sea as a mermaid. Ursula appears in a few issues, notably "Serpent Teen", which depicts how Ursula obtained the sea serpent carcass that makes her home.[51] My Side of the Story: Ursula (2004) retells the plot of the film from Ursula's point of view, and depicts Ursula having romantic feelings for Triton.[52] The Villain Files (2005) depicts Ursula's youth living in Triton's castle while Ariel was a baby.[53] Poor Unfortunate Soul: A Tale of the Sea Witch (2016) is the third entry of the "VILLAINS" young adult novel series by Serena Valentino, and is written from Ursula's point of view.[54][55]

Broadway musical

In the musical version of the original film, Sherie Rene Scott originated the live role, which she played until January 25, 2009. Other actresses who have played the role are Heidi Blickenstaff and Faith Prince.

In this version, Ursula is King Triton's sister, a concept for the original film that was eventually dropped.[56] When Ursula and Triton's father died, the pair were given equal share of the sea plus two magical items. Triton received the trident while Ursula received the magic Nautilus shell. Though the two were to rule the seas together, Ursula's greed and use of dark magic to usurp Triton led to her being banished. The desire for revenge and power is her motivation for the show. The musical's plot is similar to the film, with the exceptions that Ursula doesn't transform into Vanessa, and Ursula is ultimately defeated by Ariel, when the mermaid destroys the Nautilus shell that contains Ursula's power.

In addition to her song from the film, Alan Menken and Glenn Slater wrote new songs for Ursula: "I Want the Good Times Back", which introduces Ursula and her backstory, "I Want the Good Times Back (reprise)", where Ursula orders Flotsam and Jetsam to sabotage Ariel's attempt to get Eric to kiss her, and a reprise of "Poor Unfortunate Souls", where Ursula forces Triton to sign a deal and claims the trident. An additional song was written for Ursula during the workshop stage, "Wasting Away", but this was replaced by "I Want the Good Times Back".[57] Emily Skinner provided vocals for Ursula in the workshop.[57]

Once Upon a Time

Ursula the Sea Witch
Once Upon a Time character
First appearance "Heroes and Villains" (4.11)
Last appearance "Best Laid Plans" (4.16)
Created by Edward Kitsis & Adam Horowitz
Portrayed by Merrin Dungey
Tiffany Boone (young)
Information
Aliases Sea Witch
Species Mermaid (cecaelia)
Title Queen of Darkness
Family Poseidon (father)[58]
Centric episodes

Two live-action versions of Ursula appear in the ABC television series Once Upon a Time.

The Sea Goddess

Ursula the sea goddess appears in Season 3, where she is voiced by Yvette Nicole Brown. In the episode "Ariel", Ursula is described as a sea goddess whom no one has seen for a thousand years. According to Ariel, Ursula gave merfolk the ability to gain legs once a year, when the tide is highest. Ariel uses this ability to visit Prince Eric at his castle, where he is having a ball honoring Ursula. Later, the Evil Queen (Lana Parrilla) disguises herself as Ursula in order to make a deal with Ariel and trick her into capturing Snow White. This physical disguise includes short white hair and tentacles, similar to Ursula's animated appearance. Although the Queen considers Ursula to be "a long-dead octopus", she is shocked when the real Ursula possesses a statue and warns the queen not to impersonate her again.

The Sea Witch

Ursula the sea witch is an antagonist who appears in the second half of Season 4, where she is portrayed as an adult by Merrin Dungey, and as a teenager by Tiffany Boone.

The episodes "Heroes and Villains" and "Darkness on the Edge of Town" contain flashbacks to the Enchanted Forest past, where Ursula teamed up with fellow witches Maleficent (Kristin Bauer van Straten) and Cruella De Vil (Victoria Smurfit). The three of them worked together to try to defeat the heroes and find their happy endings, but failed. In the episode "Best Laid Plans", while trying to rescue Maleficent's baby from Snow and Charming, Ursula and Cruella fell into a portal that lead into the non-magical world. Three decades later, in modern day New York, Ursula is working as a cleaner in an aquarium when she is recruited by Rumplestiltskin, who also reunites her with Cruella. Ursula, Cruella and Rumplestiltskin then trick their way into entering the magical town of Storybrooke. In the episode "Unforgiven", they resurrect Maleficent to join their group.

The episode "Poor Unfortunate Soul" contains further flashbacks to Ursula's youth, when she was a teenage mermaid living under the sea with her father King Poseidon (Ernie Hudson). Ursula was gifted with a beautiful voice, which Poseidon wanted her to use to lure pirates to their death, in order to avenge the murder of Ursula's mother at the hands of an unnamed pirate. Ursula refused and instead befriended a pirate, Captain Hook (Colin O'Donoghue), who supported her desire for freedom. Ursula and Hook's friendship fell apart when Hook sealed Ursula's singing voice inside an enchanted shell, in order to punish Poseidon for destroying a weapon Hook wanted for himself. Ursula, angered and disappointed with both merfolk and humans, used Poseidon's trident to transform her tail into tentacles, emulating the ancient sea goddess that she was named after.

In the episode's present time, a remorseful Hook makes a deal with Ursula to get her singing voice back. They are only successful when Ariel intercedes, bringing Poseidon to Storybrooke so that he and Ursula can reconcile, and the enchantment is broken. Having achieved her happy ending, Ursula then tells Hook the full plan Rumplestiltskin has for the heroes, and afterward returns to the sea with her father.

Reception

Critical response

Ursula has garnered a positive reception from critics.[18] When The Little Mermaid was first released in 1989, both film critics and audiences alike immediately embraced Ursula as one of Disney's best villains,[18] as well as one of the studio's strongest and most powerful villains in several years.[42][59] Film critic Roger Ebert dubbed Ursula Disney's "most satisfying villainess since" Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs' Evil Queen debuted in 1937.[60] Critics agree that Ursula played an important role in the overall success of The Little Mermaid.[61] Samantha Rullo of Bustle reviewed Ursula as a "way more interesting" character than Ariel herself, while praising her for "rocking the best hair and makeup of any Disney villain."[62] Also writing for Bustle, Caitlyn Callegari appreciated Ursula because she "tells it like it is."[63] Jay Boyar of the Orlando Sentinel hailed Ursula as "A total success" despite being similar to previous Disney villains.[46] Janet Maslin of The New York Times described Ursula as "a fabulously campy creation embodying the film's well-developed sense of mischief."[64] Describing the character as an "inventive high-camp villainess," the New York Daily News' Kathleen Carroll cited Ursula as a prime example of the film's "outstanding" animation.[65] Hailing Ursula as "a visual feast," Variety included the character among "the film’s more inspired inventions",[66] while William Thomas of Empire described her as "a truly quake-inducing villain".[67] Time's Eliana Dockterman enjoyed the fact that, unlike previous Disney villains, "Ursula doesn’t even pretend to be good ... Right off the bat, she owns her evil witchiness, and I love it!"[38]

“ Actress Pat Carroll and the Ursula animators pump astonishing gobs of rotten-flirty menace and perversity into Witch Ursula, who looks a bit like the late actor Divine pasted over with an evil Jack Nicholson leer and squeezed into a cleavage-popping black evening gown, tailing off startlingly into eight squiggling black octopus tentacles. With her pet moray eels, she is a genuine nightmare, an obese lavender voluptuary peeling off lines like "Life's full of hard choices . . . I'n't it?" with blowzy relish or erupting from the ocean like Moby Dick on bonbons. ”
— The Los Angeles Times' Michael Wilmington

Kilmeny Fane-Saunders, writing for Radio Times, warned parents that Ursula could possibly frighten young children.[68] However, The Huffington Post's Hilary Sheinbau believes that "there are many of these people who walk ... talk and strive among us", concluding, "it’s important for kids to know that not everyone is going to look out for their best interests, however tempting some offers may be."[69] Metro's Duncan Lindsay agreed that Ursula teaches children "that binding contracts are a necessary part of every deal. We can thank her for all of our business sense as we are always sure to triple check that paperwork when ... securing deals."[70] Dave Smith of the Disney Archives wrote, "When anger does bring out her true emotion, the effects are staggering. Her look of stark hatred, even while her face is still human, must certainly have brought nightmares to young children. And when she finally changes into a giant, towering up through the waves and over puny mortals, the embodiment of fury is quite breathtaking." Smith concluded, "Earlier we may have chuckled at her villainy; at this moment, there is no laughter ... only genuine fear." [44]

Carroll's vocal performance as Ursula has also been met with similar praise.[18] Michael Wilmington of the Los Angeles Times predicted that Carroll "will make [the film] a hit".[71] Roger Hurlburt of the Sun-Sentinel enthusiastically wrote, "If Academy Awards were given for vocal talents, then Pat Carroll ... certainly is deserving." Hurlburt went on to praise Carroll as "a tour de force performance, making such previous Disney villainesses -- Cruella de Ville (sic) (101 Dalmatians) and the Evil Queen (Snow White) -- pale in comparison",[72] while the Deseret News' Chris Hicks described her performance as "delightful".[73] Carroll's interpretation of Ursula remains so universally revered that it has ultimately eclipsed her previous body of work as an actress, of which she is "most proud", not minding that she is almost exclusively associated with the animated role.[18] Carroll explained that she continues to sign autographs "Dear Sweetlips: I hug you with my tentacles. Oceans of love, Ursula.' And then, underneath, in parentheses, I put 'Pat Carroll,' very small" because her fans are more likely to recognize her character than her.[18]

Accolades and legacy

Since her 1989 debut, Ursula has been established as one of Disney's most iconic characters;[74][75] she is widely regarded as one of the studio's "classic" villains.[44][76][77][78] Author Corey Sandler cites Ursula as a popular "anti-favorite" in his book Econoguide Disneyland Resort, Universal Studios Hollywood: And Other Major Southern California Attractions Including Disney's California Adventure.[79] The character's impact as a villain has ultimately eclipsed those of her predecessors.[44] Ursula is considered to be one of the greatest Disney villains of all-time,[47][63] and continues to be ranked highly on countdown lists compiled by various publications. Ursula topped E!'s Disney villains ranking; author John Boone concluded, "There will never be a Disney villain more wickedly wonderful than" Ursula.[80] Yahoo! Movies ranked Ursula third, awarding her praise "for being the first female Disney baddie to get her own song."[23] On The Huffington Post's "Definitive Ranking Of 25 Classic Disney Villains", Ursula was also ranked third, with author Lauren Duca hailing the character's evil laugh as "heftier than a bowl of New England clam chowder."[76] About.com placed the character at number four in the website's "Top 10 Disney Villains" article.[34] Babble.com ranked the character the fifth best Disney villain "From Bad to Worst".[81] While hailing her as "one of the scariest Disney villains ever", Moviefone ranked Ursula seventh on the website's list of the thirty greatest Disney villains of all-time.[82] TVOvermind also ranked Ursula seventh in its article "Ranking the Top 10 Animated Disney Villains",[35] while The Odyssey placed her at number eight.[36] Recognizing Ursula among "8 Disney villains who are better than the heroes", Beamly's Sohpie Hall believes that the character "had more charisma than Ariel could".[40] By extension, Ursula is also often considered to be among the greatest animated villains of all-time.[83] Sky Movies included the character on the website's list "Despicable Them: Top Animated Villains", citing her "Dastardly Deed" as "When Ursula sabotages her bargain with Ariel and uses the mermaid's voice to persuade Eric to marry a beautiful woman called Vanessa... who is really Ursula in disguise."[84] The Toronto Sun ranked Ursula the third "top animated [villain] of all time".[85]

Cinemablend ranked Ursula third on its list of "11 Classic Disney Villains, Ranked By How Well They’d Survive In Jail", with author Nick Romano concluding, "If her top half ran into issues, she has eight tentacles ready to hold herself up and fend off troublemakers."[78] Oh My Disney ranked Ursula's line "Triton’s daughter will be mine and then I’ll make him writhe. I’ll see him wriggle like a worm on a hook!" the fifth "Most Sinister Disney Villain Quote".[86] Meanwhile, Rolling Stone included the climactic scene in which Ursula grows on the magazine's list of "12 Scariest Moments in Kids' Films", comparing the sequence to the iconic shower scene from the horror film Psycho (1960),[48] while BuzzFeed ranked the character's death fifth on the website's "Definitive Ranking Of The Most Horrific Disney Villain Deaths".[87] Following the release of Maleficent (2014), a live-action remake told from the perspective of the film's villain, several publications voted for Ursula among Disney villains who deserve to star in their own film, including Yahoo! Movies, MTV, Bustle and the New York Post.[12][62][88][89] David Crow of Den of Geek believes that actor John Travolta should portray Ursula based on his drag performance as Edna Turnblad in the film Hairspray (2007), a role which was originated by Ursula's inspiration Divine.[90]

In 2012 Disney released a Disney Villain line of dolls and make-up, and its revamped imagery was criticized for "slimming down" of Ursula to make her "marketable" and ignoring body diversity.[91][92][93] For Halloween of 2013, Amber Riley portrayed Ursula in a celebrity parody/tribute of "Cell Block Tango" from Chicago titled "Spell Block Tango", directed by Todrick Hall, which was praised for its highlighting Disney villains.[94][95] Lady Gaga wore an Ursula-inspired dress during ArtRave: The Artpop Ball. In the 2015 season of Dancing with the Stars, Rumer Willis dressed up as Ursula to perform a samba set to "Poor Unfortunate Souls".[96]

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