Suprapubic cystostomy

Suprapubic cystostomy
Intervention
Suprapubic catheter
ICD-9-CM	V55.5, 57.17, 57.18
MeSH	D003559

A suprapubic cystostomy or suprapubic catheter (also known as a vesicostomy or epicystostomy) is a surgically created connection between the urinary bladder and the skin which is used to drain urine from the bladder in individuals with obstruction of normal urinary flow. Urinary flow may be blocked by swelling of the prostate (benign prostatic hypertrophy), traumatic disruption of the urethra, congenital defects of the urinary tract, or by obstructions such as kidney stones passed into the urethra, and cancer. It is also a common treatment used among spinal cord injury patients who are unable or unwilling to use intermittent catheterization to empty the bladder, and cannot otherwise void due to detrusor sphincter dyssynergia.

Initially, a thin tube (catheter) is placed through the skin just above the pubic bone into the bladder, often with the assistance of ultrasound imaging.^[1] This catheter initially remains in place for up to a month while the tissue around it scars and forms a tract (sinus) between the bladder and the body exterior. After the formation of scar tissue is complete, the catheter is replaced periodically in order to help prevent infection

Medical uses

• Failed urethral catheter,
• Long term usage (if left in urethral long terms catheters can lead to acquired hypospadias and recurrent/chronic UTIs, urinary tract infections).

Contraindications

• Need to rule out bladder cancer in cases of clot retention
• Lower abdominal incisions with likelihood of adhesions
• Pelvic fracture

Complications

• UTIs
• Blockage
• Bladder stones^[2]
• Bladder cancer
• Bypass track by urine

Society and culture

The suprapubic cystostomy (spelled "cystotomy", without the "s") is a specialty of the fictional physician Stephen Maturin in Patrick O'Brian's twenty-one volume series on the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic era.^[3]

References

1. Jacob, P; Rai, BP; Todd, AW (September 2012). "Suprapubic catheter insertion using an ultrasound-guided technique and literature review.". BJU international 110 (6): 779–84. doi:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10882.x. PMID 22257272.
2. Suzanne C. Smeltzer (2010). Brunner & Suddarth's textbook of medical-surgical nursing. (12th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 1373. ISBN 9780781785891.
3. O'Brian, Patrick (1998). The Hundred Days (Aubrey/Maturin Series). New York: W.W. Norton & Company. p. 47. ISBN 0-393-31979-2.

External links

• Cystostomy description
• Vesicostomy care of infants and children