Vonones I

Coin of Vonones I from a mint at Ecbatana.

Vonones I of Parthia (Persian: ونون یکم‎‎), (ΟΝΩΝΗΣ on his coins) ruled the Parthian Empire from about 8 to 12 AD. He was the eldest son of Phraates IV of Parthia (ruled c. 37–2 BC) and was sent to Rome as a hostage in the 20s BC as surety for a treaty his father made with Augustus.^[1]

Ascension

After the assassination of Orodes III in about 6 AD, the Parthians applied to Augustus for a new King from the house of Arsaces.^[2] Augustus sent them Vonones I, but he could not maintain himself as King; he had been educated as a Roman, and was despised by the Parthian nobility as a Roman stooge.^[2]

Fall

Another member of the Arsacid house, Artabanus III (ruled c. 10–38), who was living among the Dahan nomads in the east of Parthia, was invited to the throne. In a civil war he defeated and expelled Vonones I.

Coins

The coins of Vonones I date from 8 to 12 AD and bear the inscription "King Vonones, conqueror of Artabanus" commemorating a temporary victory over his rival. Those of Artabanus II begin in the year 10. In about the year 12 Vonones I fled into Armenia and became King there.^[3] Artabanus II demanded his deposition, and as Augustus did not wish to begin a war with the Parthians he moved Vonones I into Syria, where he was kept in custody, though in a kingly style.^[4] Later he was moved to Cilicia,^[5] and when he tried to escape in about 19 AD, he was killed by his guards.^[6]

Notes

1. Tacitus, The Annals 2.1
2. Tacitus, The Annals 2.2
3. Tacitus, The Annals 2.3
4. Tacitus, The Annals 2.4
5. Tacitus, The Annals 2.58
6. Tacitus, The Annals 2.68

References

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
• Hon. Ana. 5, 9.
• Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, xviii, 2, 4.
• Tacitus, Annals, ii, 4, 58, 68.