William Henry Rinehart

William Henry Rinehart
Self-portrait relief bust (c. 1850–74).
Born	September 13, 1825 Union Bridge, Maryland
Died	October 28, 1874 (aged 49) Rome, Italy
Nationality	American
Education	Maryland Institute College of Art
Known for	Sculpture

William Henry Rinehart (September 13, 1825, Union Bridge, Maryland – October 28, 1874, Rome, Italy) was a noted American sculptor. He is considered "the last important American sculptor to work in the classical style."^[1]

Biography

The son of Israel Rinehart (1792–1871) and Mary {Snader} Rinehart (1797–1865), William Henry Rinehart was born near Union Bridge, Maryland, where he attended school until he was nearly eighteen. He then began to work on his father's farm, but also became the assistant of a stone-cutter in the neighborhood. In 1844 he began an apprenticeship in the stone-yard of Baughman and Bevan on the site of what is now The Peabody Institute in Baltimore, and studied sculpture at what is now called the Maryland Institute College of Art.

In 1855 Rinehart went to Italy to continue his studies. While there he executed two bas-reliefs in marble, Morning and Evening. On his return, two years later, he opened a studio in Baltimore, where he executed numerous busts, a fountain-figure for the main U.S. Post Office in Washington, DC; and two bronze figures, Backwoodsman and Indian, flanking the clock in the House of Representatives Chamber of the U.S. Capitol. In 1858 he settled in Rome where he would live the rest of his life, except for trips back to the United States in 1866 and 1872. Rinehart is buried in Baltimore's renowned Green Mount Cemetery.

Legacy

Rinehart was financially successful in his lifetime, executing many commissions for wealthy and cultured clients. American patrons often traveled to Italy to meet Rinehart and plan projects for their estates back in America. Rinehart's most important patron and sponsor was William T. Walters, founder of Baltimore's Walters Art Gallery (now the Walters Art Museum).

William Henry Rinehart left his estate in trust for the teaching of sculpture at the Maryland Institute College of Art. In his name, MICA established the Rinehart School of Sculpture and a Rinehart fellowship. The Rinehart School's alumni would include the estimable Hans Schuler, born the year Rinehart died.

According to artcyclopedia.com and askart.com, Rinehart's sculptures, neoclassical in style and mostly of human figures, are in public collections such as those of the Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York City), the National Gallery of Art, (Washington, DC), the Walters Art Museum (Baltimore), the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, the Brooklyn Museum of Art (New York City), the Carnegie Museum (Pittsburgh), and Ohio's Columbus Museum of Art, among others.

Selected works

• Bas-reliefs of Morning and Evening (c. 1856), plaster, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C.
• Backwoodsman and Indian (1858), bronze, Monumental Clock, House of Representatives Chamber, U.S. Capitol. Now exhibited in the Capitol crypt.
• Sleeping Children (1859), marble, Sisson tomb, Greenmount Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland. At least 25 replicas in plaster and marble.
• Woman of Samaria (Rebecca at the Well) (1859–61), marble, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. Marble replica (1872) at Metropolitan Museum of Art.
• Leander (1859–60), marble, Newark Museum, Newark, New Jersey. Marble replica (1870) at Chrysler Museum of Art.^[2]
• Bust of Mrs. William T. Walters (1862), marble, Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, Maryland.
• Hero (1866), plaster, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C. At least 9 marble replicas.
• Antigone Pouring a Libation over the Corpse of Her Brother Polynices (1867–70), plaster, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C. Marble replica (1870) at Metropolitan Museum of Art.^[3]
• Chief Justice Roger B. Taney (1867–72), bronze, Maryland State House, Annapolis, Maryland. Bronze replica (1872) at Mount Vernon Place, Baltimore, Maryland.
• Endymion (1868–74), plaster, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C. Marble replica (1874) at Corcoran Gallery of Art. Bronze replica at Rinehart's grave in Greenmount Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland.^[4]
• Clytie (1869–70), marble, Peabody Institute, Baltimore, Maryland. Marble replica (1872) at Metropolitan Museum of Art.^[5]
• Latona and Her Children – Apollo and Diana (1871–72), plaster, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C. Marble replica (1874) at Metropolitan Museum of Art.^[6]
• Atalanta (1874), marble, Baltimore Museum of Art.^[7]

• 

  Morning (c. 1856), Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C.

• 

  Rinehart's drawing for the Monumental Clock (1858), House of Representatives Chamber, U.S. Capitol.

• 

  Sleeping Children (1859, this example 1869), Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C.

• 

  Woman of Samaria (Rebecca at the Well) (1859–61), Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.

• 

  Thetis (1861), Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, Maryland.

• 

  Bust of Mrs. William T. Walters (1862), Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, Maryland.

• 

  Hero (1866), Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C.

• 

  Chief Justice Roger B. Taney (1867–72), Mount Vernon Place, Baltimore, Maryland.

• 

  Clytie (1869–70), Peabody Institute, Baltimore, Maryland.

• 

  Latona and Her Children - Apollo and Diana (1871–74), Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City

See also

• Maryland Institute College of Art
• Walters Art Museum
• Neoclassicism
• Arthur Quartley (American painter; friend of William Henry Rinehart)
• Revolutionary War Door, which was completed by Reinhart and hangs in the U.S. Capitol

References

1. Carnegie Museum
2. Leander (c. 1870 replica) from Chrysler Museum.
3. Antigone (1870 replica) from Metropolitan Museum of Art.
4. Endymion (bronze replica) from Flickr.
5. Clytie (1872 replica) from Metropolitan Museum of Art.
6. Latona (1874 replica) from Metropolitan Museum of Art.
7. Atalanta from Flickr.

Articles

• Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.) William Henry Rinehart (1825–1874) (New York : The Museum, ©1999–©2001) OCLC 62736609
• Stebbins, Theodore E. William Henry Rinehart (Boston, MA : Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, 1992) OCLC 62180474

Books

• Davenport, Ray, Davenport's Art Reference and Price Guide, Gold Edition (Ventura, California, 2005) ISSN 1540-1553; OCLC 18196910
• Ross, Marvin C. Walters Art Gallery; Johns Hopkins University; Peabody Institute. A catalogue of the work of William Henry Rinehart, Maryland sculptor, 1825–1874 (Baltimore: Trustees of the Peabody Institute and the Walters Art Gallery, 1948) OCLC 62736609
• Rusk, William Sener. William Henry Rinehart, sculptor (Baltimore, Md., N.T.A. Munder, 1939) OCLC 3271240
• Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography, edited by James Grant Wilson and John Fiske, New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1887–1889

External links

• Page on William Henry Rinehart at the Metropolitan Museum of Art [includes IMAGES of some of Rinehart's works in the museum's collection]
• Artcyclopedia page on William Henry Rinehart [features links to many IMAGES of the sculptures at museums and public collections]
• Askart.com page on William Henry Rinehart [includes an IMAGE]
• Marylandartsource.com page on William Henry Rinehart
• Auction result, Sotheby's, New York, 24 May 2006, with COLOR IMAGE
• William Henry Rinehart at Find a Grave