Wired communication

Wired communication refers to the transmission of data over a wire-based communication technology. Examples include telephone networks, cable television or internet access, and fiber-optic communication. Also waveguide (electromagnetism), used for high-power applications, is considered as wired line. Local telephone networks often form the basis for wired communications that are used by both residential and business customers in the area. Most of the networks today rely on the use of fiber-optic communication technology as a means of providing clear signaling for both inbound and outbound transmissions. Fiber optics are capable of accommodating far more signals than the older copper wiring used in generations past, while still maintaining the integrity of the signal over longer distances.

Alternatively, communication technologies that don't rely on wires to transmit information (voice or data) are considered wireless.

The legal definition of most, if not all, wireless technologies today or "apparatus, and services (among other things, the receipt, forwarding, and delivery of communications) incidental to such transmission" are a wire communication as defined in the Communications act of 1934 in 47 U.S.C. §153 ¶(59). This makes everything online today and all wireless phones a use of wire communications^[1] by law whether a physical connection to wire is visible or is not. The Communications act of 1934 created the Federal Communications Commission to replace the Federal Radio Commission. If there were no real wired communications today, there would be no online and there would be no mobile phones or nothing wireless except satellite communications.

In general, wired communications are considered to be the most stable of all types of communications services. They are relatively impervious to adverse weather conditions when compared to wireless solutions. With some forms of wired services, the strength and speed of the transmission is superior to other solutions, such as satellite or microwave transmissions. These characteristics have allowed wired communications to remain popular, even as wireless solutions have continued to advance.

Technical and de facto standards for wired computer buses

General	System bus Front-side bus Back-side bus Daisy chain Control bus Address bus Bus contention Network on a chip Plug and play List of bus bandwidths

Standards	SS-50 bus S-100 bus Unibus VAXBI MBus STD Bus SMBus Q-Bus Europe Card Bus ISA STEbus Zorro II Zorro III CAMAC FASTBUS LPC HP Precision Bus EISA VME VXI VXS NuBus TURBOchannel MCA SBus VLB PCI PXI HP GSC bus CoreConnect InfiniBand UPA PCI Extended (PCI-X) AGP PCI Express (PCIe) Direct Media Interface (DMI) RapidIO Intel QuickPath Interconnect HyperTransport

Storage	ST-506 ESDI SMD Parallel ATA (PATA) SSA DSSI HIPPI Serial ATA (SATA) eSATA eSATAp mSATA SCSI Parallel SCSI SAS Fibre Channel SATA Express M.2

Peripheral	Apple Desktop Bus HIL MIDI Multibus RS-232 RS-422 RS-423 RS-485 DMX512-A IEEE-488 (GPIB) IEEE-1284 (parallel port) UNI/O ACCESS.bus 1-Wire D²B I²C SPI Parallel SCSI Profibus USB IEEE 1394 (FireWire) Camera Link External PCIe Thunderbolt

Audio	ADAT Lightpipe AES3 Intel HD Audio I²S MADI McASP S/PDIF TOSLINK

Portable	PC Card ExpressCard

Embedded	Multidrop bus AMBA Wishbone

Interfaces are listed by their speed in the (roughly) ascending order, so the interface at the end of each section should be the fastest. Category

Telecommunications

History	Beacon Broadcasting Communications satellite Computer network Drums Electrical telegraph Fax Heliographs Hydraulic telegraph Internet Mass media Mobile phone Optical telecommunication Optical telegraphy Photophone Prepaid mobile phone Radio Radiotelephone Satellite communications Smoke signals Telecommunications history Telegraphy Telephone The Telephone Cases Television Timeline of communication technology Undersea telegraph line Videoconferencing Videophone Videotelephony

Pioneers	Edwin Howard Armstrong John Logie Baird Alexander Graham Bell Tim Berners-Lee Jagadish Chandra Bose Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Lee de Forest Philo Farnsworth Reginald Fessenden Elisha Gray Innocenzo Manzetti Guglielmo Marconi Antonio Meucci Alexander Stepanovich Popov Johann Philipp Reis Nikola Tesla Camille Papin Tissot Alfred Vail Charles Wheatstone Vladimir K. Zworykin

Transmission media	Electromagnetic radiation Electrical cable Free-space optical communication Molecular communication Optical fiber

Network topology and switching	Links Nodes Terminal node Network switching (circuit packet) Telephone exchange

Multiplexing	Space-division Frequency-division Time-division Polarization-division Orbital angular-momentum Code-division

Networks	ARPANET BITNET Cellular network Computer Ethernet FidoNet Internet ISDN LAN Mobile NGN Public Switched Telephone Radio Telecommunications equipment Television Telex WAN Wireless World Wide Web

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↑ "47 U.S.C. §153 ¶59". Legal Information Institute. Retrieved 14 June 2014.

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