Macross Plus

マクロスプラス (Makurosu Purasu)
Macross Plus
DVD cover of the original Macross Plus: Movie Edition
Genre	Mecha, Military science fiction
Original video animation
Directed by	Shōji Kawamori Shinichirō Watanabe (co-director)
Written by	Keiko Nobumoto
Music by	Yoko Kanno
Studio	Triangle Staff
Licensed by	^AUS Madman Entertainment ^NA Manga Entertainment ^UK Manga Entertainment
Released	August 25, 1994
Episodes	4
Anime film
Directed by	Shoji Kawamori Shinichiro Watanabe (co-director)
Written by	Keiko Nobumoto
Music by	Yoko Kanno
Studio	Studio Nue Triangle Staff Bandai Visual Shochiku Film
Licensed by	^NA Manga Entertainment ^UK Manga Entertainment
Released	August 27, 1995
Runtime	115 minutes

Macross Plus (マクロスプラス, Makurosu Purasu) is a four-episode anime OVA and theatrical movie in the Macross series. It was the first sequel to the original Macross television series that took place in the official timeline (Macross II was quickly retconned by series creator Shoji Kawamori as a parallel world story in the Macross universe). Plus was a groundbreaking combination of traditional cel and computer-generated animation at the time of its release, paving the way for the incorporation of more computer-generated imagery in Japanese animation.

Both the OVA series and movie were released in Japan by Bandai Visual and in North America and Europe by Manga Entertainment. The Australian VHS version was released by Manga Entertainment and the DVD version by Madman Entertainment under sub-license from Manga Entertainment. It features several new mecha designs inspired by the original series.

Plot

Three decades after the great war between the humans and the Zentradi, in January 2040, the U.N. government is developing new technologies to use in their transforming fighter aircraft by running tests on the colony planet Eden. Military test pilots and former childhood friends, loose cannon Isamu Alva Dyson and the Zentradi mixed race Guld Goa Bowman, are selected to each pilot a new aircraft (Shinsei Industries' YF-19 & General Galaxy's YF-21) for Project Super Nova, to choose the newest successor to the VF-11 Thunderbolt variable fighter which is currently still in use by the U.N. Spacy military forces. Their own personal grudges end up disrupting the tests, and begin to wreak havoc on the program.

Their rivalry heats up when a mutual friend, Myung Fang Lone, shows up. Myung was a childhood friend of both pilots, but the three of them had a falling out, and quickly grew apart. This is alluded to throughout the story, and evidence of the strained relationship between Myung and either of the two men is apparent, while their distaste for one another is obvious. When they meet again, they discover that Myung is now the producer of Sharon Apple, the hottest entertainer in the galaxy, who just happens to be an AI hologram.

During a testing session, Guld and Isamu finally face off against each other- and an all out fight begins as each tries to best the other. Despite being in the middle of a testing area, they quickly proceed to tear the surrounding area to shreds in their fight to gain superiority over the other. Having turned off their communications equipment, both pilots fight using the test aircraft in a series of stunning dog-fight maneuvers before going into battroid form and finishing the fight on the ground. In the process, an "accidental" gun pod discharge injures Isamu and he is taken to the hospital, where he awakens to Myung standing watch over him. After returning to duty, a military tribunal questions Guld about their fight in the test area, but ultimately the decision is left up to the Admiral in charge of the project. Chief Miller, the station commander of New Edwards Test Flight Facility reluctantly tells both pilots that their mission and the project has been scrubbed by the U.N. Spacy High Command- due to the completion of a newer, and previously unknown aircraft, the Ghost X-9 (ゴースト X-9)- an advanced stealth UCAV prototype, which was secretly being produced on Earth while two other prototypes (YF-19 and YF-21) were simultaneously being tested for Project Super Nova in planet Eden. With the Ghost X-9 completed, testing on the YF-19 and YF-21 was halted indefinitely, since the higher-ups believe that the new unmanned fighter is superior in every way.

Meanwhile, the AI Sharon Apple has developed a malevolent consciousness, due to an illegal chip being used in her software and, during her concert in the Atlantis Dome inside Earth's Macross City, quickly takes over both the Ghost X-9 and the SDF-1 Macross Fortress and hypnotizes her audience and the Macross' staff and trapping Myung in the Macross itself.

Wanting to prove that man made fighter units are a necessity and to prove his worth, Isamu along with the YF-19's engineer; Yang, took the fighter jet and space folded to Earth to beat the X-9 at its own game, where Guld gave chase in the YF-21. Sharon hacks into Earth's outer space defences, but both Isamu and Guld made it through them, but started to attack each other. During the attack, Guld suddenly remembered a traumatic scene from his past, where he almost rapes Myung, just when a set of missiles seemingly hit the YF-19, however Isamu and Yang survive and the two old friends reconcile.

When discovering that Myung's life is in danger, Isamu and Guld quickly go to her aid. While Isamu goes after Sharon, Guld fights the X-9 and ultimately destroys it by removing the gravitational safety limiters on his aircraft, and matching the X-9's velocity/maneuverability until he achieves a target lock and shoots the X-9 down. However, removing the limiters allows Guld to achieve accelerations exceeding human (even Zentradi-Human) limitations, which ultimately leads to his death, the g-forces generated by his piloting literally crushing him even as he crashes the YF-21 into the X-9, destroying it.

While fighting the SDF-1 Macross, Sharon hypnotises Yang who shoots at Isamu but only hits his helmet. Isamu ejected Yang but then is hypnotized by Sharon's voice, and is left to crash to his death. At the last second, Myung's voice reaches him and brings him out back to consciousness. Dodging the Macross' fire, Isamu is able to destroy the central computer, effectively eliminating Sharon.

The story ends as the sun rises over the Macross Fortress, with Myung waving to Isamu, who has survived the destruction of Sharon's computer.

Eventually, the U.N. government banned all AI technology developments after the incident, and allowed the continuation of Project Super Nova. However, YF-21 was destroyed during Sharon Apple incident and YF-19 automatically become winner of the competition.

Production

Following Big West's 1992 release of Macross II (which was subsequently retconned as an alternate universe title), original Macross staff member Shoji Kawamori began work on a true sequel to the original Macross series. To realistically depict the intense flight scenes in the anime, Kawamori - along with action choreographer Ichiro Itano and other staff members - traveled to Edwards Air Force Base (which was the basis for New Edwards Air Force Base on planet Eden in the series) in Edwards, California, for a few training sessions with dogfighting school Air Combat USA. The Advanced Tactical Fighter program of the 1980s was the basis of the Project Supernova contest between the YF-19 and YF-21. Consequently, the YF-21's design was heavily influenced by the Northrop YF-23.

The design of Eden City was influenced by the San Francisco landscape (which also served as a backdrop for Frontier City in Macross Frontier). The wind farms throughout the planet were based on those found in California's Central Valley, while Eden's highways were designed from those seen in Orlando, Florida.^[1]

Other notable staff include co-director Shinichiro Watanabe, character designer MASAYUKI and animation director Koji Morimoto, who designed the Sharon Apple concert scene. Shoji Kawamori designed all the new variable fighters in the anime. Kazutaka Miyatake was credited for the use of his previous designs for the Macross and the Destroid Monster and he was also involved in the project as mecha designer for the YF-21 cockpit, both the YF-21 and YF-19 flightsuits, the X-9 Ghost drone fighter and the renegade Zentradi battlesuits.^[2]

Score

Main article: List of Macross Plus albums

Yoko Kanno composed the score for Macross Plus. The orchestral score was recorded in Tel Aviv, Israel, by members of the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra, except for "Dogfight" (an orchestral track used during the final battle between Isamu and Guld) - which was recorded in Prague, Czech Republic by the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra.

Sharon Apple's songs are performed by a number of different artists - namely Gabriela Robin, Akino Arai, Mai Yamane, Melodie Sexton, Wuyontana and Raiché Coutev Sisters. The most notable song in the series is Myung's song "Voices", which is performed by Arai and is the only Japanese-language song in the soundtrack. For the English dub of the series, "Voices" was translated into English and performed by Michelle Flynn. Three songs ("Information High", "The Borderline" and "Pulse") are in English, while "Idol Talk" is in French. Four songs ("After, in the Dark - Torch Song", "Santi-U", "A Sai En" and "Wanna Be an Angel") are sung in the fictional Zentran language.

The soundtrack CDs were released in Japan by Victor Entertainment. In North America, only the first two soundtracks were made available; first through JVC, then subsequently through AnimeTrax (a division of The Right Stuf International).

Versions

Macross Plus OVA

The OVA version (マクロスプラス) consists of four episodes, each approximately 37–40 minutes in length. The Japanese voice cast is as follows:

Macross Plus: International Version

An English dub version was produced for the international market, featuring a North American cast and an English version of the main theme "Voices". When it came to Episode 4 of the original translation, due to a rights issue at the time, the entire soundmix including music and sound effects had to be recreated from scratch. Only the songs performed by Sharon Apple ("Pulse," "Information High," and "Santi-U(second half)/Torch Song") and the English version of "Voices" were retained. The background music entitled "Dogfight" was replaced with another track entitled "Breakout" (featured in Episode 1 and 2), notably in the main Dogfight sequence and just after Isamu recovers from his trance.

It was later that Bandai Visual commissioned a new dub for Episode 4, retaining the original Japanese soundmix but utilizing a new voice cast due to actor availability. Most notably Isamu's part was recast with David Hayter, most famous for his voicework on the Metal Gear series. This version was exclusive to Japan, also being included as the English dub of choice on the Japanese Blu-ray release in 2012, still retaining the original Manga versions of Episodes 1 - 3.

In Japan, this version was released with Japanese subtitles as the "International Version".

Isamu Alva Dyson - (Bryan Cranston), (David Hayter) (Bandai Dub)
Guld Goa Bowman - (Richard Epcar)
Myung Fang Lone - (Riva Spier)
Lucy McMillan - (Dyanne Dirosario)
Sharon Apple - (Melora Harte)
Marge Gueldoa - (Steven Blum)
Millard Johnson - (Beau Billingslea)
Yang Neumann - (Dan Woren)

In January 1998 it broadcast in 3 parts, each twice on midnights on the new Teletoon station in Canada along with the film Ninja Scroll.^[3]

Macross Plus: Movie Edition

Scriptwriter Keiko Nobumoto originally wrote Macross Plus as a feature-length work before the script evolved into a four-volume video series. The movie edition returns the story to the initially planned feature length. The theatrical version (マクロスプラス MOVIE EDITION) consists of most of the footage from the original OVAs, along with approximately 20 minutes of new and alternative footage. Whether the events of the OVA or the events of the Movie are canonical is up for debate. Some differences between the OVA and Movie Editions include:

The opening of the movie shows Isamu already testing the YF-19 (an extended version of his first test flight of the YF-19 from Episode 2) and meeting Guld for the first time in the hangar afterwards, as opposed to just arriving at Planet Eden and meeting Guld at the meeting between the two design teams.
In that same scene, Isamu invites Lucy Macmillan on their first date. This is an alternate version to which he crashed a flight simulator in Episode 1 of the OVA.
A new scene is of Isamu and Lucy at a dock, where he does his pre-flight movements from Episode 2. It also leads up to a new scene to after Lucy and Isamu had slept together.
This new scene is also an alternate version of a scene when Sharon Apple makes a phone call to both Isamu and Guld warning them about a fire at the concert hall. In this version Isamu had just woken up and Lucy (clearly naked) is in bed with him. The original version simply had Isamu gazing at a computer monitor and repeatedly pressing the letter "M" when he gets the phone call. At the end of this version of events, Isamu's relationship with Lucy is implied to not have gone any further.
After the joint test flights of the YF-19 and YF-21, (the montage from Episode 2) it is revealed that Isamu's reckless flying rendered the YF-19 unfit for testing and had to be taken for repairs. This explains why Isamu is flying a VF-11 during another test flight of the YF-21. (This is essentially the test flight from Episode 1)
Isamu gets injured during a test flight of the YF-21, not in a melee with the YF-21. This is the same test flight that is featured in Episode 1 (in which Isamu is flying a VF-11 with rocket booster packs), right up to when Guld forces Isamu's VF-11 into the ground causing him to lose control and crash, with the major injuries he sustained forcing him to be sent to hospital. (In the OVA Version, Isamu escaped injury with barely a scratch) This scene replaces the original grudge match at the climax of Episode 2 when both pilots were using their test craft in melee combat, which ended when Guld, pinned to the ground by a rampaging Isamu, uses Isamu's Gunpod (Guld had intentionally replaced Isamu's blank ammo with live ammo in an earlier scene in the OVA) and shoots Isamu's craft at close range, which gave him the severe injuries he was being treated for in hospital.
After Guld goes after Isamu (who had stolen the YF-19 to take on the new X-9 Ghost Fighter) a new scene features Col. Millard and Lucy staring at the night sky. Millard talks about his hopes for Isamu.
At the Sharon Apple concert at Macross City, a new scene and song is inserted to replace what was the ending of Episode 3 ("After In The Dark," the ending theme for the first 3 episodes of the OVA), and the opening song of Episode 4 titled "Pulse." The new song is "Wanna Be An Angel," and includes new animation of Sharon Apple flying through the whole city. This then leads back into the song "Information High."
The conclusion of the dogfight between Guld and the X-9 Ghost is extended, with Guld's body being crushed under the extreme G-Forces and a final image of his head exploding in his helmet before finally crashing into the Ghost fighter. Guld is then seen drifting into orbit.
Sharon Apple sending Isamu into his dream-like state is extended with more footage of him flying towards the SDF-1. When Myung sings and wakes up Isamu, Sharon attempts to take Isamu back, only to have Isamu smash his head on the forward console to stop Sharon from appearing.
After the SDF-1 lands back in the lake, Sharon has a final lament before dying. Afterward, Isamu and Myung are seen standing on top of the Macross watching the sunrise. Isamu then tells Myung that her singing helped him to win, ending the film with Myung singing "Voices".

Home video

Macross Plus was first released in Japan on VHS and Laserdisc formats by Bandai Visual. Manga Entertainment released the series in VHS (dubbed and subtitled versions) and Laserdisc formats in Europe and as their first title in the North American market. The English-dubbed series was also released in MovieCD format for Windows 3.1/Windows 95-based PCs. In 1999, Manga Entertainment released Macross Plus on DVD format, with two episodes per disc. Sales of disc 2 of the series were affected by a subtitle timing error, which was corrected on subsequent reprints.

A subtitle-only version of Macross Plus: Movie Edition was released on VHS in the U.S. through Manga Entertainment, with a DVD release in 2000. The DVD version is a direct transfer from the VHS release, causing the subtitles to be part of the footage itself, so they can't be turned off. There is no English dub for the movie version.

To celebrate the 30th Anniversary of Macross in 2012, both the OVA and the Movie Edition were remastered into HD and released as part of The Super Dimension Macross Blu-ray Boxset Complete Edition, containing all the Macross series and films produced to that point (also remastered in HD). A separate Blu-ray of the OVA and Movie Edition was released in early 2013 as the Macross Plus Complete Blu-ray Box. Both OVA releases featured the International Version English dubs as a language track, with Episode 4 using the newer Bandai dub while retaining the original Manga dubs for the first 3 episodes. Both these Blu-ray releases are only available in Japan.

Merchandise

Books

During the release of the series, Shogakukan published the companion visual book This is Animation Special: Macross Plus, which covered the first two episodes.^[4] A follow-up book was released, covering the production of the Movie Edition.^[5]

Toys

Macross Plus toys were not available until 2000, when Yamato Toys released a 1/72 scale diecast replica of the YF-19.^[6] Since then, aside from Yamato, replicas and figures of the series' variable fighters have been manufactured by Doyusha^[7] and Kaiyodo (under the Revoltech line).^[8]

None of these toys are widely available in the U.S. due to ongoing legal disputes between Big West and Tatsunoko Production/Harmony Gold USA over the Macross copyright.

Model kits

Hasegawa Hobby Kits released non-transforming model kits of the YF-19 and YF-21 in fighter modes between 2001 and 2002. The molds for both planes were re-used for the VF-19A (from Macross VF-X2) and VF-22S (from Macross 7), respectively.^[9]

Resin and garage kits of the Macross Plus variable fighters have been manufactured by several different companies in Japan. The most well-known of these kits is the 1/100 Perfect Variable YF-19 by Studio HalfEye, which became the basis for Yamato Toys' 1/72 diecast toy.^[10]

Manga Adaptation

A new manga adaptation of the anime is being serialized by comic publisher Kadokawa Comics A with the name Macross Plus: TAC Name. The story of the comic is a retelling of the events from the anime as well as a more detailed description of the background and past history of the characters. The artist of the manga is Naoki Moriya and is available since February 10, 2012.

Macross Plus: Game Edition

A video game adaptation of the original OVA (マクロスプラス -Game Edition-) was released in 2000 in Japan only. This PlayStation game by Shoeisha Co. Ltd. features some members of the original cast and staff, and includes parts of the original soundtrack, as well as some cutscenes in the form of excerpts from the Movie Edition of Macross Plus.

The game features the variable fighters and mecha used in the OVA, as well as select units from the original Macross series. It also introduces the Neo Glaug (a transformable version of the Zentradi battle pod) as an in-game exclusive. Unlike other Macross games, transformation of variable fighters is not possible during gameplay; each level has the player's unit fixed in one mode only. Aside from the single-player story mode, two players can battle each other in vs. mode.

This 3D home software is completely different from the vertical-scrolling Arcade shooter released in Japan by Banpresto back in 1997 as Macross Plus (マクロスプラス) which is loosely based on the franchise.

References

↑ This is Animation The Select: Macross Plus Movie Edition. Shogakukan, 1995
↑ Miyatake, Kazutaka (2005-06-01). Macross and Orguss Design Works (in Japanese). Japan: Mobic. pp. 30–45. ISBN 4-89601-629-7.
↑ "TELETOON - Adult Shows". Teletoon.com. Archived from the original on 4 February 1998. Various Animé from Japan
Jan 3 & 9 - Ninja Scroll
Jan 10 & 16 - Macross Plus I
Jan 17 & 23 - Macross Plus II
Jan 24 & 30 - Macross Plus III
Fri. & Sat.: midnight
↑ Macross World - This is Animation Special: Macross Plus
↑ Macross World - This is Animation The Select: Macross Plus Movie Edition
↑ Macross World - Yamato 1/72 YF-19
↑ Macross World - Doyusha 1/144 YF-19
↑ CollectionDX - Macross Plus
↑ Macross World - Hasegawa
↑ Macross World - Studio HalfEye 1/100 Perfect Variable YF-19

External links

Macross Official Web Site (Japanese)
Macross Plus (anime) at Anime News Network's encyclopedia
Macross Plus at the Internet Movie Database

Fan sites

Macross Plus at Macross Compendium
Macross Plus at Macross Mecha Manual
Macross Plus at Mecha and Anime Headquarters

Macross series

Franchise	The Super Dimension Fortress Macross Do You Remember Love? Flash Back 2012 Macross II Macross Plus Albums Macross 7 Macross Dynamite 7 Macross FB 7 Macross Zero Macross Frontier (Albums) Macross The Ride Macross Delta

Video games	The Super Dimension Fortress Macross (Family Computer) Scramble Valkyrie Do You Remember Love? The Super Dimension Fortress Macross (PlayStation 2) Ace Frontier Macross 30: Voices across the Galaxy

Characters	Exsedol Folmo Fire Bomber Roy Focker Misa Hayase Hikaru Ichijyo Maximilian Jenius Milia Fallyna Jenius Mylene Flare Jenius Hayao Kakizaki Quamzin Kravshera Britai Kridanik Macross operators Claudia LaSalle Lynn Minmay Basara Nekki

Universe	Zentradi Meltlandi Protodeviln SDF-1 Macross SDF-2 Megaroad-01 Variable Fighters or Valkyries (VF-1 Valkyrie)

Production	Shōji Kawamori Kazutaka Miyatake Haruhiko Mikimoto Noboru Ishiguro Hiroshi Ōnogi Kentarō Haneda Yoko Kanno Mari Iijima Hidetaka Tenjin Studio Nue Artland Big West Advertising Tatsunoko Production Satelight

Related	Robotech Space Gundam V Astro Plan Jetfire

Works directed by Shinichirō Watanabe

Animated series	Macross Plus (1994) Cowboy Bebop (1998–1999) Samurai Champloo (2004–2005) Kids on the Slope (2012) Space Dandy (2014) Terror in Resonance (2014)

Feature films	Macross Plus: Movie Edition (1995) Cowboy Bebop: The Movie (2001)

Short films	"Kid's Story" and "A Detective Story" in The Animatrix (2003) "Baby Blue" in Genius Party (2007)

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