Yōwa

Yōwa (養和) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō,, lit. "year name") after Jishō and before Juei. This period spanned the years from July 1181 through May 1182.^[1] The reigning emperor was Antoku-tennō (安徳天皇).^[2]

Change of era

• 1181 Yōwa gannen (養和元年): The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in Jishō 5, on the 14th day of the 7th month of 1181.^[3]

Events of the Yōwa era

• 1181 (Yōwa 1, 25th day of the 11th month): Tokuko, former consort of the late Emperor Takakura, adopts the name of Kenreimon-in.^[4]
• 1181 (Yōwa 1): A famine that lasts for two years blights this era.^[5]

Notes

1. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Yōwa" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 1064, p. 1064, at Google Books; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File.
2. Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 200-207; Brown, Delmer et al. (1979). Gukanshō, pp. 333-334; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. pp. 214-215.
3. Brown, p. 333.
4. Kitagawa, H. (1975). The Tale of the Heike, p. 783.
5. Kamo no Chōmei. (1212). Hōjōki.

References

• Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). Gukanshō: The Future and the Past. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-03460-0; OCLC 251325323
• Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128
• Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Odai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691
• Varley, H. Paul. (1980). A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231049405; OCLC 6042764

External links

• National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection