Zabaykalsky Krai

Zabaykalsky Krai
Забайкальский край (Russian)
—  Krai  —

Flag
Coat of arms
Anthem: none[1]
Coordinates: 54°00′N 118°00′E / 54.000°N 118.000°E / 54.000; 118.000Coordinates: 54°00′N 118°00′E / 54.000°N 118.000°E / 54.000; 118.000
Political status
Country Russia
Federal district Siberian[2]
Economic region East Siberian[3]
Established March 1, 2008[4]
Krai Day March 1[5]
Administrative center Chita[5]
Government (as of June 2015)
 • Governor[6] Konstantin Ilkovsky[7]
 • Legislature Legislative Assembly[6]
Statistics
Area (as of the 2002 Census)[8]
 • Total 431,500 km2 (166,600 sq mi)
Area rank 10th
Population (2010 Census)[9]
 • Total 1,107,107
 • Rank 47th
 • Density[10] 2.57/km2 (6.7/sq mi)
 • Urban 65.9%
 • Rural 34.1%
Population (January 2015 est.)
 • Total 1,087,500[11]
Time zone(s) IRKT (UTC+08:00)[12]
ISO 3166-2 RU-ZAB
License plates 75, 80
Official languages Russian[13]
Official website

Zabaykalsky Krai (Russian: Забайкальский край, tr. Zabaykalsky kray; IPA: [zəbɐjˈkalʲskʲɪj kraj], lit. Transbaikal krai) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai) that was created on March 1, 2008 as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug, after a referendum held on the issue on March 11, 2007. The administrative center of the krai is located in the city of Chita. Population: 1,107,107 (2010 Census).[9]

Geography

The krai is located within the historical region of Transbaikalia and has extensive international borders with China (998 km) and Mongolia (868 km); its internal borders are with Irkutsk and Amur Oblasts, as well as with the Republic of Buryatia and the Sakha Republic.

History

The first traces of human presence in the area dates to 150-35 thousand years ago. Early evidence was found on the surface of ancient river gravels Gyrshelunki (tributary of the Khilok River) near the city of Chita, near Ust-Menza on the Chikoy River.

Slab Grave cultural monuments are found in northern, central and eastern Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, north-western China, southern, central-eastern and southern Baikal territory. The people of Slab Grave culture were Mongols.[14][15]

The Xiongnu Empire (209 BC-93 CE) governed the territory of modern Zabaykalsky Krai. The identity of the ethnic core of Xiongnu has been a subject of varied hypotheses and proposals by scholars include Mongolic and Turkic.

The Merkit-Mongols was one of the five major tribal confederations (khanlig) in the Mongolian plateau in the 12th century. The Merkits lived in the basins of the Selenge River and lower Orkhon River.[16] Jalayir is one of the Darligin Mongol tribes according to Rashid-al-Din Hamadani's Jami' al-tawarikh and they lived along the Shilka and Onon Rivers. The Tayichiud-Mongols was one of the three core tribes in the Khamag Mongol Khanate of Mongolia during the 12th century and they lived in the southern part of the krai. Zabaykalsky Krai and Mongolian Khentii Province were core region of the Khamag Mongol Khanate.[16]

In the 17th century, some or all of Mongolic Daurs lived along the Shilka, upper Amur, and on the Bureya River. They thus gave their name to the region of Dauria, also called Transbaikal, now the area of Russia east of Lake Baikal. The territory of modern Zabaykalsky Krai has been ruled by the Mongolic Xianbei state (93-234), Rouran Khaganate (330-555), Mongol Empire (1206-1368) and Northern Yuan (1368-1691).[16]

Preliminary work on the unification of the Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug was started at the level of regional authorities in April 2006. The governor of Chita Oblast Ravil Geniatulin, mayor of the Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug Bair Zhamsuyev, head of the regional parliament Anatoly Romanov, and Dashi Dugarov sent a letter to the President of Russia, Vladimir Putin, and on November 17, 2006, he supported the initiative.

Referendum on unification took place on March 11, 2007. In Chita Oblast, "yes" was the predominant answer to the following question:

"Do you agree that the Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug merged into a new entity of the Russian Federation - Zabaykalsky Krai, which included Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug will be an administrative-territorial unit with special status, defined by the charter of the province in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation?"

In Chita Oblast, 90.29% (535,045 voters) of the voters voted for the union versus - 8.89% (52,698 voters) who voted against it. 72.82% of the electorate participated. In the Aga Buryat Autonomous Region 94% (38,814 voters) voted for the union versus - 5.16% (2129 voters) 82.95% of the electorate voters participated.

On July 23, 2007, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a federal constitutional law "On Establishment in the Russian Federation of a new subject of the Russian Federation in the merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug", adopted by the State Duma on July 5, 2007. and approved by the Federation Council on July 11, 2007.

Administrative divisions

Government

Ravil Geniatulin, the Governor of Chita Oblast, was elected Governor of Zabaykalsky Krai on February 5, 2008 by the majority of the deputies of both Chita Oblast Duma and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug Duma. He assumed the post on March 1, 2008.[17]

Demographics

Population: 1,107,107 (2010 Census);[9] 1,155,346 (2002 Census);[18] 1,377,975 (1989 Census).[19]

The population was mostly Russians and Buryats, along with some Ukrainians and a few Evenks. There were 1,000 Jews in the regional capital. According to the 2010 Census,[9] Russians made up 89.9% of the population while Buryats were 6.8%. Other significant groups were Ukrainian (0.6%), Tatars (0.5%), Belorussian (0.2%), Azeri (0.18%), Evenks (0.1%). 19,981 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group.[20]

2007
2008

Source:[21]

Vital statistics for 2012

2009 - 1.89 | 2010 - 1.87 | 2011 - 1.87 | 2012 - 2.00 | 2013 - 2.01 | 2014 - 2.08 | 2015 - 2.04(e)

Religion

Religion in Zabaykalsky Krai (2012)[24][25]

  Russian Orthodox (24.6%)
  Unaffiliated Christian (6%)
  Other Orthodox (2%)
  Buddhism (6.3%)
  Spiritual but not religious (28%)
  Atheist and non-religious (17%)
  Other and undeclared (16.1%)

As of a 2012 official survey[24] 24.6% of the population of Zabaykalsky Krai adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 6.25% to Buddhism, 6% declares to be generically unaffiliated Christian (excluding Protestant churches), 2% is an Orthodox Christian believer without belonging to any church or being member of other (non-Russian) Orthodox churches. In addition, 28% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 17% to be atheist, and 16.15% follows other religion or did not give an answer to the survey.[24]

See also

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zabaykalsky Krai.

Notes

  1. ↑ Article 7 of the Charter of Zabaykalsky Krai states that the symbols of the krai include a flag and a coat of arm, but there is no provision for an anthem.
  2. ↑ Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", №20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).
  3. ↑ Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. (Gosstandart of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).
  4. ↑ Law #5-FKZ
  5. 1 2 Charter of Zabaykalsky Krai, Article 7
  6. 1 2 Charter of Zabaykalsky Krai, Article 21
  7. ↑ Official website of Zabaykalsky Krai. Konstantin Konstantinovich Ilkovsky, Governor of Zabaykalsky Krai
  8. ↑ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Территория, число районов, населённых пунктов и сельских администраций по субъектам Российской Федерации (Territory, Number of Districts, Inhabited Localities, and Rural Administration by Federal Subjects of the Russian Federation)". Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
  9. 1 2 3 4 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  10. ↑ The density value was calculated by dividing the population reported by the 2010 Census by the area shown in the "Area" field. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox is not necessarily reported for the same year as the population.
  11. ↑ Zabaykalsky Krai Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Численность населения (Russian)
  12. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  13. ↑ Official on the whole territory of Russia according to Article 68.1 of the Constitution of Russia.
  14. ↑ N.Navaan, Bronze Age of Eastern Mongolia
  15. ↑ History of Mongolia, Volume I, 2003
  16. 1 2 3 History of Mongolia, Volume II, 2003
  17. ↑ На административной карте РФ появился новый субъект федерации - Забайкальский край. (A new federal subject—Zabaykalsky Krai—appeared on the administrative map of the Russian Federation) Itar-Tass.com (Russian)
  18. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  19. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  20. ↑ http://www.perepis-2010.ru/news/detail.php?ID=6936
  21. ↑ http://www.stat.chita.ru/scripts/1c.exe?XXXX06F/oi_fondi.14.1.1/100440R
  22. ↑ http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/2012/demo/edn12-12.htm
  23. ↑ http://www.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_main/rosstat/ru/statistics/publications/catalog/doc_1137674209312
  24. 1 2 3 Arena - Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia. Sreda.org
  25. ↑ 2012 Survey Maps. "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), 27/08/2012. Retrieved 24-09-2012.

Sources

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