Chinese religions of fasting
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The Chinese religions of fasting (Chinese: æ–‹æ•™; pinyin: zhÄijiÄo; PeÌh-Åe-jÄ«: tsai-kà u) are a subgroup of the Chinese salvationist religions. Their name refers to the strict vegetarian fasting diet that believers follow. This subgroup originated as the LÇŽoguÄn zhÄijià o (è€å®˜é½‹æ•™ "Venerable Officials' teaching of fasting") sect that departed from the eastern "Great Vehicle" proliferation of Luoism in the 16th century and adopted features of the White Lotus tradition.[1][2]
The Chinese religions of fasting are the following three:[3][4]
- the Longhua sect (龙花教 "Dragon Flower");
- the Jintong sect (金幢教 "Golden Flag"); and
- the Xiantiandao (å…ˆå¤©é“ "Way of Former Heaven") tradition.
In the 1890s, a zhaijiao group assumed the functions of government in Gutian County, leading to the Kucheng Massacre.[5]
See also
References
- ↑ Ma, Meng. 2011. p. 173-175
- ↑ Seiwert (1992).
- ↑ Clart, 1997. pp. 11-12
- ↑ Ma, Meng. 2011. p. 174
- ↑ Kimihiko Sato. "The Ku-t'ien Anti-missionary Incident (1895) : Vegetarian Sect, the shadow of Sino-Japanese War, and the conversion of the missionary diplomacy of the UK and U.S."
Sources
- Seiwert, Hubert (1992). "Popular Religious Sects in Southeast China: Sect Connections and the Problem of the Luo Jiao/Bailian Jiao Dichotomy" (PDF). Journal of Chinese Religions 20.
- Philip Clart. University of British Columbia. The Phoenix and the Mother: The Interaction of Spirit Writing Cults and Popular Sects in Taiwan. On: Journal of Chinese Religions, n. 25, Fall 1997.
- Xisha Ma, Huiying Meng. Popular Religion and Shamanism. Brill, 2011. ISBN 9004174559