1859 in the United Kingdom

1859 in the United Kingdom:
Other years
1857 \| 1858 \| 1859 \| 1860 \| 1861
Sport
1859 English cricket season

Events from the year 1859 in the United Kingdom.

Incumbents

Monarch — Victoria
Prime Minister — The Earl of Derby (Conservative) (until 12 June), The Viscount Palmerston (Liberal) (starting 12 June)

Events

1 January — Elizabeth Blackwell becomes the first woman to have her name entered on the General Medical Council's Medical Register, under a clause in the Medical Act 1858 that recognizes doctors with foreign degrees.^[1]
15 January — National Portrait Gallery opens in London.^[2]
March — General Post Office begins erection of First National Standard pillar box design.^[3]
30 April — Charles Dickens publishes the first issue of his new magazine All the Year Round
1 May — West Riding of Yorkshire Penny Savings Bank, predecessor of the Yorkshire Bank, begins operation in Leeds.^[4]
4 May — The Cornwall Railway is opened across the Royal Albert Bridge linking the counties of Devon and Cornwall. The bridge's designer, Isambard Kingdom Brunel, terminally ill, is wheeled across it later this month.
31 May — Whigs under Palmerston win the general election.
6 June — The British Crown colony of Queensland in Australia is created by devolving part of the territory of New South Wales.
10 June — Derby resigns as Prime Minister after a defeat in the House of Commons; replaced by Palmerston.^[2]
28–29 June — First conformation show for dogs in Britain held at Newcastle upon Tyne.^[5]
1 September — Astronomer Richard Carrington makes the first observation of a solar flare.^[6]
7 September — The clock and chimes of the Clock Tower, Palace of Westminster become operational. The great bell acquires the nickname "Big Ben" by association with Benjamin Hall, 1st Baron Llanover.
14 October — Glasgow Town Council's Loch Katrine public water supply scheme is officially opened.^[7]
25–26 October — 'Royal Charter Storm', the most severe storm to hit the British Isles this century. 133 ships are sunk and another ninety badly damaged, with a death toll estimated as up to 800 (including some killed on land); most notably from the steam clipper Royal Charter, driven ashore on the north-east coast of Anglesey on 26 October with around 459 dead and just 39 men surviving.^[8]
12 November — HMS Victoria, the Royal Navy’s last and largest wooden first-rate three-decker ship of the line to see sea service, is launched at Portsmouth.
24 November — Naturalist Charles Darwin's The Origin of Species, a book which argues that species gradually evolve through natural selection, is published^[6] by John Murray in London, immediately selling out its initial print run. Darwin's former mentor William Whewell refuses to allow a copy in the library of Trinity College, Cambridge.^[9]

Undated

Formation of the Liberal Party out of the Whig Party, Peelites and Radicals.^[10]
District nursing begins in Liverpool when philanthropist William Rathbone employs Mary Robinson to nurse the sick poor in their own homes.
Welsh religious revival led by Humphrey Jones.
Red House (London) in Bexleyheath, a key building in the Arts and Crafts Movement, is designed by its owner, William Morris, and the architect Philip Webb.
Muirkirk becomes the first town in Britain to have gas lighting.
The Needles lighthouse built on the Isle of Wight.

Publications

Isabella Beeton's compilation Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management begins publication as a partwork supplement to The Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine (published by her husband Samuel Orchart Beeton) in September.
Charles Darwin's book The Origin of Species.^[2]
Charles Dickens's novel A Tale of Two Cities.^[2]
George Eliot's novel Adam Bede.^[2]
Edward FitzGerald's poetic translation of the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam.
John Stuart Mill’s book On Liberty.
Christina Rossetti's poem "Goblin Market".^[2]
Samuel Smiles' book Self-Help.
Alfred Tennyson's poetry cycle Idylls of the King.^[2]
The racing newspaper The Sporting Life is first published (From its launch on 24 March to 30 April it is called Penny Bell's Life & Sporting News).^[11]

Births

11 January — George Nathaniel Curzon, statesman and Viceroy of India (died 1925)
14 February — Henry Valentine Knaggs, physician and author (died 1954)
16 February — T. E. Ellis, politician (died 1899)
22 February — George Lansbury, politician and social reformer; leader of the Labour Party from 1932 to 1935 (died 1940)
8 March — Kenneth Grahame, author (died 1932)
26 March — A. E. Housman, poet (died 1936)
18 April — Evan Davies Jones, civil engineer (died 1949)
2 May — Jerome K. Jerome, author (died 1927)
13 May — Kate Marsden, medical missionary (died 1931)
22 May — Arthur Conan Doyle, writer (died 1930)
May — Samuel Thomas Evans, politician and judge (died 1918)
8 July — Annie Shepherd Swan, writer (died 1943)
17 July — Ernest Rhys, writer (died 1946)

Deaths

21 January — Henry Hallam, historian (born 1777)
28 January — Frederick John Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich, Prime Minister (born 1782)
13 February — Eliza Acton, cookery writer (born 1799)
1 May — John Walker, inventor (born 1781)
15 September — Isambard Kingdom Brunel, engineer (born 1806)
12 October — Robert Stephenson, engineer (born 1803)
22 November — George Wilson, chemist (born 1818)
8 December — Thomas de Quincey, writer (born 1785)
28 December — Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay, poet, historian and politician (born 1800)

References

↑ Elston, M. A. (2004). "Blackwell, Elizabeth (1821–1910)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 2008-12-29.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 279–280. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
↑ Farrugia, Jean Young (1969). The Letter Box: a history of Post Office pillar and wall boxes. Fontwell: Centaur Press. ISBN 0-900000-14-7.
↑ Baren, Maurice (1996). How It All Began Up the High Street. London: Michael O'Mara Books. pp. 141–4. ISBN 1-85479-667-4.
↑ Pemberton, Neil; Worboys, Michael (June 2009). "The surprising history of Victorian dog shows". History Extra. Retrieved 2016-03-25.
1 2 Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
↑ "The Queen At Loch Katrine". The Times (23438) (London). 1859-10-15. p. 9.
↑ Holden, Chris; Lesley (2009). Life and Death on the Royal Charter. Chester: Calgo Publications. ISBN 978-0-9545066-2-9.
↑ Browne, Janet (2002). Charles Darwin 2. London: Cape. p. 107. ISBN 9780224042123.
↑ "Icons, a portrait of England 1840–1860". Retrieved 2007-09-13.
↑ "Concise History of the British Newspaper in the Nineteenth Century". British Library. Retrieved 2011-01-18.

Years in the United Kingdom

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland	1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

1859 in Europe

Sovereign states	Andorra Austria Baden Belgium Denmark France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Luxembourg Montenegro Netherlands Norway Ottoman Empire Papal States Portugal Prussia Russia San Marino Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United Principalities

Dependencies, colonies and other territories	Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Malta

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