1924 Republican National Convention

1924 Republican National Convention
1924 presidential election

Nominees
Coolidge and Dawes
Convention
Date(s) June 10–12, 1924
City Cleveland, Ohio
Venue Public Auditorium
Candidates
Presidential nominee Calvin Coolidge of Massachusetts
Vice Presidential nominee Charles G. Dawes of Illinois

The 1924 National Convention of the Republican Party of the United States was held in Cleveland, Ohio at the Public Auditorium from June 10 to June 12. For this convention the method of allocating delegates changed in order to reduce the overrepresentation of the South.[1] This effort proved only partly successful as Southern delegates would actually be more overrepresented than they had been in 1916 or 1920; however, they were not as overrepresented as they had been before 1912.

It also made history by being the first GOP convention to give women equal representation. The Republican National Committee approved a rule providing for a national committee-man and a national committee-woman from each state.[2] More controversy ensued over whether to condemn the Ku Klux Klan with the result ultimately being to say nothing either way.

President Calvin Coolidge was formally nominated for a full term and went on to win the general election. The convention nominated Illinois Governor Frank Lowden for Vice President on the second ballot, but he declined the nomination. The convention then selected Charles G. Dawes. Also considered for the nomination was Senator Charles Curtis of Kansas, a future Vice President.

Republican candidates

Coolidge faced a challenge from California Senator Hiram Johnson and Wisconsin Senator Robert La Follette in the 1924 Republican primaries. Coolidge fended off his progressive challengers with convincing wins in the Republican primaries, and was assured of the 1924 nomination by the time the convention began.[3] After his defeat in the primaries, La Follette ran a third party candidacy that attracted significant support.

Declined to run

1st Presidential Ballot
Calvin Coolidge 1065 All other states
Robert LaFollette 34 24 from Wisconsin, 10 from North Dakota
Hiram Johnson10 10 from South Dakota

Vice presidential nomination

Former Vice President Coolidge had ascended to the presidency after the death of Warren G. Harding in 1923. As the 25th Amendment had not yet been passed, Coolidge served the remainder of Harding's term without a vice president. The 1924 Republican Convention was thus tasked with picking a running mate for Coolidge.

With Coolidge having locked up re-nomination, most attention was focused on the vice presidential nomination. Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover of California and appellate judge William Kenyon of Iowa were seen as the front-runners for the nomination, as both were popular Western progressives who could provide balance to a ticket led by a conservative from Massachusetts.[4] Coolidge's first choice was reported to be Idaho Senator William E. Borah, also a progressive Westerner, but Borah declined to be considered for the ticket.[4] Illinois Governor Frank O. Lowden, University of Michigan president Marion Leroy Burton, Ambassador Charles B. Warren of Michigan, Washington Senator Wesley Livsey Jones, John Coulter of North Dakota, General James Harbord, and General Charles Dawes also had support as potential running mates.[4] Despite saying that he would not accept the nomination, Lowden was nominated for Vice President on the third ballot over Dawes, Kenyon, and Ohio Congressman Theodore E. Burton.[5] However, Lowden declined the nomination, an action, that as of 2012, has never been repeated. The Republicans thus held a new vice presidential ballot, with Coolidge favoring Hoover.[5] However, the Republicans picked Dawes, partly as a reaction to the perceived dominance of Coolidge in running the convention.[5]

Vice Presidential vote
Vice-presidential ballot 1 2
Before shifts 		2
After shifts 		3
Former Illinois Governor Frank O. Lowden 222 413 766 0
White House Budget Director Charles Dawes of Illinois 149 111 49 682.5
Ohio Congressman Theodore E. Burton 139 288 94 0
Commerce Secretary Herbert Hoover of California 0 0 0 234.5
Iowa Senator William S. Kenyon 172 95 68 75
Pennsylvia Congressman George S. Graham 81 0 0 0
Indiana Senator James E. Watson 79 55 7 45
Kansas Senator Charles Curtis 56 31 24 0
Missouri Governor Arthur M. Hyde 55 36 36 0
Nebraska Senator George W. Norris 35 0 0 0
Iowa Senator Smith W. Brookhart 0 31 0 0
Utah delegate Frank T. Hines 28 1 0 0
Charles A. March 28 0 0 0
Tennessee Congressman James W. Taylor 21 20 27 27
Former Maryland Senator William P. Jackson 23 0 0 10
Ambassador to Japan Charles B. Warren of New York 10 1 23 14
Former Delaware Senator Thomas C. DuPont 0 0 3 11
Montana Governor Joseph M. Dixon 6 0 0 2
Indiana Congressman Everett Sanders 0 0 0 4
Former U.S. Army Major General James G. Harbord of New York 1 0 0 3
Former Indiana Senator Albert J. Beveridge 0 0 0 2
John L. Coulter of North Dakota 1 0 0 1
California Businessman William Wrigley Jr. 1 0 0 1
Army Chief of Staff John J. Pershing of Missouri 0 0 0 0

Prayers

Each of the three days of the convention opened with a lengthy invocation by a different clergymen—one Methodist, one Jewish, one Catholic. Each was listed among the convention officers as an official chaplain.[6]

On June 10, the opening prayer was given by William F. Anderson, Methodist Episcopal bishop of Boston. Among other things, he called for "stricter observance of the law and the preservation of the Constitution of the United States," in other words, for more zealous enforcement of Prohibition[7]

The next day's session was opened by Rev. Dr. Samuel Schulman, rabbi of Temple Beth-El in New York. Schulman spoke with appreciation for "the Republican Party's precious heritage of the championship of human rights"; he called for "every form of prejudice and misunderstanding" to be "driven forever out of our land." Speaking of Calvin Coolidge, he praised "the integrity, the wisdom, the fearlessness of our beloved President."[8]

On June 12, the final day's invocation was given by Roman Catholic Bishop Joseph Schrembs of Cleveland. Schrembs characterized President Calvin Coolidge as "a chieftain whose record of faithful public service, and whose personality, untarnished and untainted by the pollution of political corruption, will fill the heart of America with the new hope of a second spring."[9]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "An historical analysis of the apportionment of delegate votes at the National Conventions of the two major parties". thegreenpapers.com.
  2. ↑ Republican Women: A History of Leadership at the Wayback Machine (archived April 20, 2003)
  3. ↑ Lower, Richard Coke (1993). A Bloc of One: The Political Career of Hiram W. Johnson. Stanford University Press. pp. 221–223. ISBN 0-8047-2081-9.
  4. 1 2 3 Oulahan, Richard V. (10 June 1924). "Kenyon Leads for Second Place on Convention Eve, New Move to "Draft" Lowden Fails; Hoover Strong; La Follette Starts Fight for a Radical Platform". New York Times. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  5. 1 2 3 "Coolidge and Dawes Nominated; General Named for Second Place After Lowden, Chosen, Refuses it". New York Times. 13 June 1924. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  6. ↑ Official Report of the Proceedings of the Eighteenth Republican National Convention (1924), pp. 37
  7. ↑ Official Report of the Proceedings of the Eighteenth Republican National Convention (1928), pp. 7-9
  8. ↑ Official Report of the Proceedings of the Eighteenth Republican National Convention, published by the Republican National Committee (1924), pp. 49-50
  9. ↑ Official Report of the Proceedings of the Eighteenth Republican National Convention, published by the Republican National Committee (1924), pp. 125-26

External links

Preceded by
1920
Chicago, Illinois		 Republican National Conventions Succeeded by
1928
Kansas City, Missouri
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