1925 Charlevoix–Kamouraska earthquake

1925 Charlevoix–Kamouraska earthquake

Date	February 28, 1925 (1925-02-28)
Magnitude	6.2 M_w
Depth	10 km (6 mi)
Epicenter	47°48′N 69°48′W / 47.8°N 69.8°W / 47.8; -69.8
Areas affected	Canada
Max. intensity	VIII (Severe)
Aftershocks	55

The 1925 Charlevoix–Kamouraska earthquake struck northeastern North America on February 28, reaching 6.2 on the moment magnitude scale.^[1] It was one of the most powerful measured in Canada in the 20th century,^[1] with a maximum perceived intensity of VIII (Severe) on the Mercalli intensity scale at its epicentre in the area of Charlevoix-Kamouraska along the Saint Lawrence River near île aux Lièvres and not greater than VI (Strong) in the United States.^[2] The quake was felt in Quebec, Shawinigan, Montreal, as far south as Virginia, and as far west as the Mississippi River.^[3]

Damage

It caused damage in three separate areas. The first had extreme damage constricted to a narrow belt 20 miles long on both shores of the Saint Lawrence River near the epicentre.^[4] In this area, damage at the villages of Baie-Saint-Paul, Saint-Urbain, Les Éboulements, Pointe-au-Pic, La Malbaie, Tadoussac and the other nearby villages of Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pocatière, Saint-Pacôme, Rivière-Ouelle, Saint-Philippe, Saint-Denis, and Saint-Pascal on the south shore, was mostly related to the magnitude of the earthquake itself, and to some extent by the deep grainy soil on which many of the destroyed buildings were built.^[4] The two other damaged areas were Quebec City and in the Trois-Rivières - Shawinigan area, where the destruction was more extensive, not so much due to the strength of the earthquake, but rather to the uneven nature of the landscape.^[4]

Aftermath

A total of 55 aftershocks were recorded, which lasted for weeks, ranging from magnitude 5 to 2.^[5] Over the years, several studies were published on the 1925 Charlevoix–Kamouraska earthquake, some as recently as 1999.^[1] A foreshock occurred in the St. Lawrence valley the prior year on September 30. It was rated at 6.1 and was felt Rockland, Ontario to Portland, Maine.^[6]

References

1 2 3 "The 1925 Charlevoix-Kamouraska earthquake". Natural Resources Canada. Retrieved 2012-03-04.
↑ Coffman & von Hake 1970, p. 10
↑ "Intensity of the 1925 Charlevoix-Kamouraska Earthquake". Natural Resources Canada. Retrieved 2012-03-04.
1 2 3 "Damage caused by the 1925 Charlevoix-Kamouraska earthquake". Natural Resources Canada. Retrieved 2012-03-04.
↑ "Aftershocks from the 1925 Charlevoix-Kamouraska earthquake". Natural Resources Canada. Retrieved 2012-03-04.
↑ Coffman & von Hake 1970, pp. 11, 15

Bibliography

Coffman, Jerry L.; von Hake, Carl A., eds. (1970), Earthquake History of the United States Publication 41-1, United States Department of Commerce / United States Department of the Interior

Earthquakes in Canada

Historical	1663 Charlevoix 1700 Cascadia 1732 Montreal 1872 North Cascades

20th Century	1918 Vancouver Island 1925 Charlevoix–Kamouraska 1929 Grand Banks 1933 Baffin Bay 1935 Timiskaming 1944 Cornwall–Massena 1946 Vancouver Island 1949 Queen Charlotte Islands 1985 Nahanni 1988 Saguenay 1989 Ungava 1997 Cap-Rouge

21st Century	2000 Kipawa 2001 Nisqually 2007–2008 Nazko 2010 Central Canada 2012 Haida Gwaii

Earthquakes in the United States

Historical	1638 New Hampshire 1663 Charlevoix 1700 Cascadia 1755 Cape Ann 1811–12 New Madrid 1812 Wrightwood 1857 Fort Tejon 1865 Memphis 1867 Manhattan, Kansas 1868 Hawaii 1868 Hayward 1872 Lone Pine 1872 North Cascades 1886 Charleston 1887 Sonora 1892 Laguna Salada

20th-century	1906 San Francisco 1906 Aleutian Islands 1909 Wabash River 1915 Pleasant Valley 1916 Irondale 1925 Santa Barbara 1931 Valentine 1933 Long Beach 1935 Helena 1940 El Centro 1940 New Hampshire 1944 Cornwall–Massena 1946 Aleutian Islands 1947 Wisconsin 1948 Desert Hot Springs 1949 Olympia 1952 Kern County 1957 Andreanof Islands 1957 San Francisco 1959 Hebgen Lake 1964 Alaska 1965 Rat Islands 1965 Olympia 1968 Illinois 1969 Santa Rosa 1971 San Fernando 1975 Near Islands 1975 Morris 1975 Hawaii 1979 Coyote Lake 1979 Imperial Valley 1980 Eureka 1983 Coalinga 1983 Borah Peak 1984 Morgan Hill 1986 North Palm Springs 1986 Chalfant Valley 1987 Whittier Narrows 1989 Loma Prieta 1991 Sierra Madre 1992 Cape Mendocino 1992 Landers 1992 Big Bear 1993 Scotts Mills 1993 Klamath Falls 1994 Northridge 1995 Marathon 1996 Duvall 1998 Pymatuning 1999 Hector Mine 2000 Yountville

21st-century	2001 Nisqually 2002 Denali 2003 Alabama 2003 San Simeon 2006 Gulf of Mexico 2006 Hawaii 2007 Alum Rock 2007 Andreanof Islands 2008 Illinois 2008 Chino Hills 2010 Eureka 2010 Illinois 2010 Baja California 2010 Indiana 2011 Colorado 2011 Virginia 2011 Oklahoma 2014 Aleutian Islands 2014 Southeast Alaska 2014 South Napa

Swarms	2001 Enola 2008 Reno 2010–11 Guy-Greenbrier 2012 Brawley 2009–16 Oklahoma

← Earthquakes in 1925 →

Charlevoix–Kamouraska (6.2, Feb 28) † Dali (7.0, Mar 16) †‡ Santa Barbara (6.8, June 29)

† indicates earthquake resulting in at least 30 deaths ‡ indicates the deadliest earthquake of the year

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1925 Charlevoix–Kamouraska earthquake

Damage

Aftermath

See also

References