1993 Tour de France

1993 Tour de France
Route of the 1993 Tour de France
Race details
Dates July 3–July 25, 1993
Stages 20+Prologue
Distance 3,714.3 km (2,308 mi)
Winning time 95h 57' 09" (38.71 km/h or 24.05 mph)
Palmares
Winner  Miguel Indurain (ESP) (Banesto)
Second  Tony Rominger (SUI) (Clas-Cajastur)
Third  Zenon Jaskuła (POL) (GB–MG Maglificio)
Points  Djamolidine Abdoujaparov (UZB) (Lampre)
Mountains  Tony Rominger (SUI) (Clas-Cajastur)
Youth  Antonio Martín (ESP) (Amaya)
Team Carrera Jeans–Tassoni

The 1993 Tour de France was the 80th Tour de France, taking place July 3 to July 25, 1993. It consisted of 20 stages, over 3714.3 km, ridden at an average speed of 38.709 km/h.[1]

The winner of the previous two years, Miguel Indurain, successfully defended his title. The points classification was won by Djamolidine Abdoujaparov, while the mountains classification was won by Tony Rominger.

Differences from the 1992 Tour de France

The Tour de France organisation felt that it was no longer safe to have 198 cyclists in the race, as more and more traffic islands had been made, so the total number of teams was reduced from 22 to 20.[2]

Participants

There were 20 teams in the 1993 Tour de France, each composed of 9 cyclists.[3] The first 14 teams were selected in May 1993, based on the FICP ranking;[4] in June 1993, six additional wildcards were given; one of the wildcards was given to a combination of two teams (Chazal and Subaru).[5] The Subaru team did not want to be part of a mixed team, so Chazal was allowed to send a full team.[6]

dagger: wildcard teams

Indurain had won the two previous editions of the race.

The defending champion Miguel Indurain was the big favourite, having won the 1993 Giro d'Italia earlier that year.[7]

Stages

The route was unveiled in October 1992. Most team directors expected it to be more difficult than the 1992 Tour de France.[2]

Stage results[3][8]
Stage Date Route Terrain Length Winner
P 3 July Le Puy du Fou Individual time trial 6.8 km (4.2 mi)  Miguel Indurain (ESP)
1 4 July Luçon – Les Sables-d'Olonne Plain stage 215.0 km (133.6 mi)  Mario Cipollini (ITA)
2 5 July Les Sables-d'Olonne – Vannes Plain stage 227.5 km (141.4 mi)  Wilfried Nelissen (BEL)
3 6 July Vannes – Dinard Plain stage 189.5 km (117.7 mi)  Djamolidine Abdoujaparov (UZB)
4 7 July Dinard – Avranches Team time trial 81.0 km (50.3 mi)  GB–MG Maglificio (ITA)
5 8 July Avranches – Évreux Plain stage 225.5 km (140.1 mi)  Jesper Skibby (DEN)
6 9 July Évreux – Amiens Plain stage 158.0 km (98.2 mi)  Johan Bruyneel (BEL)
7 10 July Péronne – Châlons-sur-Marne Plain stage 199.0 km (123.7 mi)  Bjarne Riis (DEN)
8 11 July Châlons-sur-Marne – Verdun Plain stage 184.5 km (114.6 mi)  Lance Armstrong (USA)
9 12 July Lac de Madine – Lac de Madine Individual time trial 59.0 km (36.7 mi)  Miguel Indurain (ESP)
10 14 July Villard-de-Lans – Serre Chevalier Stage with mountain(s) 203.0 km (126.1 mi)  Toni Rominger (SUI)
11 15 July Serre Chevalier – Isola 2000 Stage with mountain(s) 179.0 km (111.2 mi)  Toni Rominger (SUI)
12 16 July Isola – Marseille Plain stage 286.5 km (178.0 mi)  Fabio Roscioli (ITA)
13 17 July Marseille – Montpellier Plain stage 181.5 km (112.8 mi)  Olaf Ludwig (GER)
14 18 July Montpellier – Perpignan Plain stage 223.0 km (138.6 mi)  Pascal Lino (FRA)
15 19 July Perpignan – Pal Stage with mountain(s) 231.5 km (143.8 mi)  Oliverio Rincón (COL)
16 21 July Andorra – Saint-Lary-Soulan Pla d'Adet Stage with mountain(s) 230.0 km (142.9 mi)  Zenon Jaskuła (POL)
17 22 July Tarbes – Pau Stage with mountain(s) 190.0 km (118.1 mi)  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA)
18 23 July Orthez – Bordeaux Plain stage 199.5 km (124.0 mi)  Djamolidine Abdoujaparov (UZB)
19 24 July Brétigny-sur-Orge – Montlhéry Individual time trial 48.0 km (29.8 mi)  Toni Rominger (SUI)
20 25 July Viry-Châtillon – Paris (Champs-Élysées) Plain stage 196.5 km (122.1 mi)  Djamolidine Abdoujaparov (UZB)

Race details

The 1993 Tour started in the same way as the 1992 Tour: Indurain won, with Alex Zülle in second place.[7] The next stages were flat, and all finished in mass sprints. After the second stage, sprinter Wilfried Nelissen had collected enough time bonuses to become leader in the general classification.[7]

The team time trial in stage four was the first stage with significant effects on the general classification. Banesto (Indurain's team) came in seventh, losing more than one minute, but the biggest loser was Tony Rominger, whose Clas team lost more than three minutes.[7]

The contenders for the overall victory saved their energy in the next few stages, and cyclists who would not be a threat in the mountains were allowed to break away, with only the sprinters' teams trying to get them back. The sixth stage was run with an average speed of almost 49.5 kilometres per hour (30.8 mph), at that moment the fastest mass-start stage in the Tour.[7]

In the ninth stage, an individual time trial, the general classification changed. Indurain was a lot faster than the other cyclists, winning the stage with a margin of more than two minutes, and became the new leader in the general classification.[7]

The next stages were in the Alps. Tony Rominger attacked, trying to win back time. Although he was able to win the stage, Indurain had followed him closely, so Rominger did not win back any time. Other pre-race favourites lost considerable time this stage and were no longer in contention, such as Claudio Chiappucci, who lost more than eight minutes.[7]

In the eleventh stage, Rominger tried it again. But again, Indurain stayed with him. Rominger won the stage again, but the margin to Indurain stayed the same. Rominger did jump to the fourth place in the general classification, because Erik Breukink lost almost ten minutes.[7]

The next three stages were relatively flat, and the top of the general classification stayed the same. In the fifteenth stage, Pyrenean climbs were included. The stage was won by Oliverio Rincón, the only survivor of an early breakaway. Behind him, Rominger again tried to get away from Indurain, but was unable to do so.[7]

In the sixteenth stage, again in the Pyreneés, Rominger was finally able to get away from Indurain, but the margin was only three seconds. The seventeenth stage was the last stage with serious climbs, so the last realistic opportunity to win back time on Indurain, but this did not happen, so it seemed certain that Indurain would become the winner.[7]

The rest of the podium was determined in the individual time trial in stage 19. It was won by Rominger, with Indurain in second place. Rominger thus climbed to the second place in the general classification.

Indurain wearing the yellow jersey as leader of the general classification

Classification leadership

Stage Winner General classification
 Mountains classification
 Points classification
 Young rider classification Team classification
 Combativity award
P Miguel Indurain Miguel Indurain François Simon Miguel Indurain Alex Zülle ONCE
1 Mario Cipollini Mario Cipollini
2 Wilfried Nelissen Wilfried Nelissen Wilfried Nelissen Wilfried Nelissen
3 Djamolidine Abdoujaparov Laurent Desbiens
4 GB–MG Maglificio Mario Cipollini
5 Jesper Skibby Wilfried Nelissen Davide Cassani
6 Johan Bruyneel Mario Cipollini
7 Bjarne Riis Johan Museeuw Bjarne Riis Mario Cipollini Motorola
8 Lance Armstrong Davide Cassani
9 Miguel Indurain Miguel Indurain Alex Zülle ONCE
10 Tony Rominger
11 Tony Rominger Tony Rominger Djamolidine Abdoujaparov Oliverio Rincón Ariostea
12 Fabio Roscioli Carrera Jeans–Tassoni
13 Olaf Ludwig
14 Pascal Lino
15 Oliverio Rincón
16 Zenon Jaskuła Antonio Martín
17 Claudio Chiappucci
18 Djamolidine Abdoujaparov
19 Tony Rominger
20 Djamolidine Abdoujaparov
Final Miguel Indurain Tony Rominger Djamolidine Abdoujaparov Antonio Martín Carrera Jeans–Tassoni Massimo Ghirotto
Jersey wearers when one rider is leading two or more competitions
Other notes

Results

There were several classifications in the 1993 Tour de France. The most important was the general classification, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey; the winner of this classification is considered the winner of the Tour.[9]

Additionally, there was a points classification, which awarded a green jersey. In the points classification, cyclists got points for finishing among the best in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.[9]

There was also a mountains classification. The organisation had categorized some climbs as either hors catégorie, first, second, third, or fourth-category; points for this classification were won by the first cyclists that reached the top of these climbs first, with more points available for the higher-categorized climbs. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a polkadot jersey.[9]

The fourth individual classification was the young rider classification, which was not marked by a jersey. This was decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders under 26 years were eligible.[9]

For the team classification, the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added; the leading team was the team with the lowest total time.[10]

For the combativity classification, a jury gave points after each stage to the cyclists they considered most combative. The cyclist with the most votes in all stages lead the classification.

General classification

Final general classification (1–10)[3]
Rank Name Team Time
1  Miguel Indurain (ESP) Banesto 95h 57' 09"
2  Toni Rominger (SUI) Clas-Cajastur +4' 59"
3  Zenon Jaskuła (POL) GB-MG +5' 48"
4  Alvaro Mejia (COL) Motorola +7' 29"
5  Bjarne Riis (DEN) Ariostea +16' 26"
6  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) Carrera +17' 18"
7  Johan Bruyneel (BEL) ONCE +18' 04"
8  Andrew Hampsten (USA) Motorola +20' 14"
9  Pedro Delgado (ESP) Banesto +23' 57"
10  Vladimir Poulnikov (RUS) Carrera +25' 29"

Points classification

Final points classification (1–10)[3]
Rank Name Team Points
1  Djamolidine Abduzhaparov (UZB) Lampre-Polti 298
2  Johan Museeuw (BEL) GB-MG 157
3  Maximilian Sciandri (GBR) Motorola 153
4  François Simon (FRA) Castorama 149
5  Christophe Capelle (FRA) Gan 147
6  Frédéric Moncassin (FRA) Wordperfect 145
7  Miguel Indurain (ESP) Banesto 136
8  Bjarne Riis (DEN) Ariostea 133
9  Toni Rominger (SUI) Clas-Cajastur 126
10  Stefano Colagè (ITA) ZG Mobili 120

Mountains classification

Final mountains classification (1–10)[3]
Rank Name Team Points
1  Toni Rominger (SUI) Clas-Cajastur 449
2  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) Carrera 301
3  Oliviero Rincón (COL) Amaya Seguros 286
4  Miguel Indurain (ESP) Banesto 239
5  Richard Virenque (FRA) Festina 191
6  Alvaro Mejia (COL) Motorola 187
7  Davide Cassani (ITA) Ariostea 155
8  Zenon Jaskuła (POL) GB-MG 153
9  Leonardo Sierra (VEN) ZG Mobili 136
10  Bjarne Riis (DEN) Ariostea 113

Team classification

Final team classification (1–10)[3]
Rank Team Time
1 Carrera Jeans-Tassoni 288h 09' 5322
2 Ariostea +47' 40"
3 Clas-Cajastur +48' 49"
4 Festina +1h 08' 42"
5 Banesto +1h 08' 57"
6 GB-MG Maglificio +1h 13' 59"
7 Motorola +1h 27' 22"
8 ZG Mobili-Sidi +1h 35' 03"
9 Amaya Seguros +1h 48' 48"
10 ONCE +1h 51' 12"

Young rider classification

Final young rider classification (1–10)[3]
Rank Name Team Time
1  Antonio Martín (ESP) Amaya Seguros 96h 27' 00"
2  Oliviero Rincón (COL) Amaya Seguros +3' 28"
3  Richard Virenque (FRA) Festina +8' 21"
4  Fernando Escartín (ESP) Clas-Cajastur +23' 18"
5  Bo Hamburger (DEN) TVM-Bison +23' 51"
6  Leonardo Sierra (VEN) ZG Mobili +31' 44"
7  Dimitri Zhdanov (RUS) Novemail-Laser +45' 26"
8  Alex Zülle (SUI) ONCE +49' 07"
9  Laurent Brochard (FRA) Castorama +50' 26"
10  Eddy Bouwmans (NED) Novemail-Laser +53' 21"

Combativity classification

Final combativity classification (1–3)[3]
Rank Name Team Points
1  Massimo Ghirotto (ITA) ZG Mobili 34
2  Bjarne Riis (DEN) Ariostea 25
3  Jacky Durand (FRA) Castorama 23

Other classifications

The fair-play award was given to Gianni Bugno.[3]

References

  1. ↑ Augendre, Jacques (2009). "Guide Historique" (PDF) (in French). Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 2009-10-09. Retrieved 30 September 2009.
  2. 1 2 Abt, Samuel (30 October 1992). "Tour de France Has Rocky Road Ready For Riders in 1993". New York Times.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "80ème Tour de France 1993" (in French). Memoire du cyclisme. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
  4. ↑ "Les premières équipes pour le Tour" (in French). Le Soir. 19 May 1993. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
  5. ↑ Deblander, Bruno (16 June 1993). "Sept maillots pour completer le generique du Tour de France 1993; Six invitations et une fusion" (in French). Le Soir. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
  6. ↑ Abt, Samuel (17 June 1993). "Angry U.S. Bike Team Says 'No' To Sharing Tour de France Slot". New York Times. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 McGann, Bill; McGann, Carol (2008). The Story of the Tour de France: 1965-2007. Dog Ear Publishing. pp. 211–216. ISBN 1-59858-608-4. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
  8. ↑ Zwegers, Arian. "Tour de France GC Top Ten". CVCC. Archived from the original on 2009-06-10. Retrieved 15 Aug 2011.
  9. 1 2 3 4 Christian, Sarah (2 July 2009). "Tour de France demystified - Evaluating success". RoadCycling.co.nz Ltd. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  10. ↑ Chauner, David; Halstead, Michael (1990). The Tour de France Complete Book of Cycling. Villard. ISBN 0679729364. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
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