Abzakh Adyghe dialect

Not to be confused with Abkhaz language.
Abzakh Adyghe dialect
Native to Israel Rehaniya, Jordan, Syria
Language codes
ISO 639-3 –
Glottolog abad1240[1]

The Abzakh dialect (Adyghe: Абдзахабзэ; Kabardian: Абдзахэбзэ) is one of the Adyghe language dialects.[2] The Abzakh dialect is spoken by the Abzakh which are the second largest Circassian population in the diaspora outside Republic of Adygea after the Shapsugs.

Phonology

The unaspirated postalveolar sibilant affricate consonants ч [t͡ʃ] and чъ [t͡ɕ] in most Adyghe dialects (e.g. Temirgoy, Shapsug and Bzhedug) became щ [ɕ] and ш [ʃ] in the Abzakh dialect.<ref name""=>Спирантизация аффрикат (Russian)</ref>

Meaning Abzakh dialect Standard Adyghe Standard Kabardian
Cyrillic IPA Cyrillic IPA Cyrillic IPA
village щылэ ɕəla чылэ t͡ʃəɮa жылэ ʒəɮa
spear пщы pɕə пчы pt͡ʃə бжы bʒə
goat пщэны pɕanə пчэны pt͡ʃanə бжэн bʒan
goat ашэ aːʃa ачъэ aːt͡ʃa ажэ aːʒa
to run шэн ɕan чъэн t͡ʂan жэн ʒan
to sleep шыен ʃəjan чъыен t͡ʂəjan жыен ʒəjan
to run шэн ɕan чъэн t͡ʂan жэн ʒan
cold шыӏэ ɕəʔa чъыӏэ t͡ʂəʔa щӏыӏэ ɕʼəʔa
night щэщы ɕaɕə чэщы t͡ʃaɕə жэщ ʒaɕ
cow щэм ɕam чэм t͡ʃam жэм ʒam
fast шыкӏай ɕət͡ʃaːj чъыкӏай t͡ʂət͡ʃaːj - -

In the Abzakh dialects there exist a palatalized glottal stop [ʔʲ] ⟨ӏь⟩ or an alveolo-palatal ejective fricative [ɕʼ] which corresponds to [tʃʼ] ⟨кӏ⟩ and ⟨чӏ⟩ in other Adyghe dialects.<ref name""=>Переднеязычные мягкие шипящие аффрикаты дж, ч, к1 (Russian)</ref><ref name""=>Переднеязычные твердые шипящие аффрикаты дж, чъ, ч1 (Russian)</ref> The grammatical positional conjugation under has the prefix is ӏьэ- (ʔʲa-) instead of чӏэ- (t͡ʃʼa-). In the Abzakh dialect of Rehaniya there exist both ӏь [ʔʲ] and щӏ [ɕʼ] in different words.

Examples of ӏь [ʔʲ] :

Meaning Abzakh dialect Standard Adyghe Standard Kabardian
Cyrillic IPA Cyrillic IPA Cyrillic IPA
stands ӏьэт ʔʲat чӏэт t͡ʃʼat щӏэт ɕ’at
sits ӏьэс ʔʲas чӏэс t͡ʃʼas щӏэс ɕ’as
lies ӏьэлъ ʔʲaɬ чӏэлъ t͡ʃʼaɬ щӏэлъ ɕ’aɬ
boy/young man ӏьалэ ʔʲaːla кӏалэ t͡ʃʼaːɮa щӏалэ ɕʼaːɮa
to regret ӏьэгъожьын ʔʲaʁʷaʑən кӏэгъожьын t͡ʃʼaʁʷaʑən щӏегъуэжын ɕʼeʁʷaʒən
back ӏьыб ʔʲəb кӏыб t͡ʃʼəb щӏыб ɕʼəb
few маӏьэ maːʔʲa макӏэ maːt͡ʃa мащӏэ maːɕʼa
to ask ӏьэупкӏэн ʔʲawpt͡ʃʼan кӏэупкӏэн t͡ʃawpt͡ʃan щӏэупщӏэн ɕʼawpɕʼan
guest хьаӏьэ ħaːʔʲa хьакӏэ ħaːt͡ʃʼa хьащӏэ ħaːɕʼa
to fast нэӏьын naʔʲən нэкӏын nat͡ʃʼən нэщӏын naɕʼən
earth ӏьыгу ʔʲəɡʷ чӏыгу t͡ʂʼəɡʷ щӏыгу ɕʼəɡʷ

Examples of щӏ [ɕʼ] :

Meaning Abzakh dialect Standard Adyghe Standard Kabardian
Cyrillic IPA Cyrillic IPA Cyrillic IPA
boy/young man щӏалэ ɕʼaːla кӏалэ t͡ʃʼaːɮa щӏалэ ɕʼaːɮa
few мащӏэ maːɕʼa макӏэ maːt͡ʃa мащӏэ maːɕʼa
guest хьащӏэ - хьакӏэ ħaːt͡ʃʼa хьащӏэ ħaːɕʼa
new щӏэ ɕʼa кӏэ t͡ʃʼa щӏэ ɕʼa
place щӏыпӏэ ɕʼapʼa чӏыпӏэ t͡ʂʼəpʼa щӏыпӏэ ɕʼapʼa
earth щӏыгу ɕʼəɡʷ чӏыгу t͡ʂʼəɡʷ щӏыгу ɕʼəɡʷ
winter щӏымафэ ɕʼəmaːfa кӏымафэ t͡ʃʼəmaːfa щӏымахуэ ɕʼəmaːxʷa

Sample text

Нартхэмэ спы цIыкIухэмрэ:

Нартымэ ялъэхъаны тэ тилъэныкъо иныжъхэри спы цIыкIухэри исыгъэх.

Иныжъым ыпэ къиIирэ жьым спы цIыкIур зэрилъасэщтыгъ.

— Сы пшIэрэр? — иныжъым ыIощтыгъ.

— Бэщ сштэны, сыоон сихьисап! — спы цIыкIум зиIоIе, адырэмэ кIаIэщтыгъ.

Иныжъхэр лъэшэу къэрабгъэщтыгъэх.

Хъымыщ ягуащэ спы лъэпкъыгъэу къаIотэжьы. Пэтэрэз янэ Спы-гущэр ары.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Abadzex". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
  2. ↑ Abzakh dialect (French)
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Monday, April 25, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.