Ahmednagar

Ahmednagar अहमदनगर
city
Tomb of Salabat Khan
Ahmednagar
Coordinates: 19°05′N 74°44′E / 19.08°N 74.73°ECoordinates: 19°05′N 74°44′E / 19.08°N 74.73°E
Country	India
State	Maharashtra
District	Ahmednagar
Founded by	Ahmad Nizam Shah I
Government
• Type	Mayor–Council
• Mayor	Abhishekh Kalamkar[1] (R. Congress)
• Municipal Commissioner	Vijay Kulkarni
Area
• Total	39.30 km^2 (15.17 sq mi)
Elevation	649 m (2,129 ft)
Population (2011)[2]
• Total	350,905
• Rank	124th
• Density	8,900/km^2 (23,000/sq mi)
Demonym(s)	Nagarkar / Nagari (Marathi)
Languages
• Official	Marathi
Time zone	IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN	414001
Telephone codethe	0241
Vehicle registration	MH 16,17
Website	ahmednagar.gov.in

Ahmednagar  pronunciation  is a city in Ahmednagar District in the state of Maharashtra, India, about 120 km northeast of Pune and 114 km from Aurangabad. Ahmednagar takes its name from Ahmad Nizam Shah I, who founded the town in 1494 on the site of a battlefield where he won a battle against superior Bahamani forces.^[3] It was close to the site of the village of Bhingar.^[3] With the breakup of the Bahmani Sultanate, Ahmad established a new sultanate in Ahmednagar, also known as Nizam Shahi dynasty.^[4]

Ahmednagar has several dozen buildings and sites from the Nizam Shahi period.^[5] Ahmednagar Fort, once considered almost impregnable, was used by the British to house Jawaharlal Nehru (the first prime minister of India) and other Indian Nationalists before Indian independence. A few rooms there have been converted to a museum. During his confinement by the British at Ahmednagar Fort in 1944, Nehru wrote the famous book The Discovery of India.^[6] Ahmednagar is home to the Indian Armoured Corps Centre & School (ACC&S), the Mechanised Infantry Regimental Centre (MIRC), the Vehicle Research and Development Establishment (VRDE) and the Controllerate of Quality Assurance Vehicles (CQAV). Training and recruitment for the Indian Army Armoured Corps takes place at the ACC&S.^[7]

Ahmednagar is a relatively small town and shows less development than the nearby western Maharashtra cities of Mumbai and Pune. Ahmednagar is home to 19 sugar factories and is also the birthplace of the cooperative movement. Due to scarce rainfall, Ahmednagar often suffers from drought. Marathi is the primary language for daily-life communication. Hindi is also widely understood and spoken, though of the Dakhani dialect, with a lot of grammar and loan words from Marathi. Ahmednagar has recently published a plan of developing the city by year 2031.^[8]

History

The town Ahmednagar was founded in 1490 by Ahmad Nizam Shah I on the site of a more ancient city, Bhingar. With the breakup of the Bahmani Sultanate, Ahmad established a new sultanate in Ahmednagar, also known as Nizam Shahi dynasty.

It was one of the Deccan sultanates, which lasted until its conquest by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in 1636. Aurangzeb, the last great Mughal emperor, who spent the latter years of his reign, 1681–1707, in the Deccan, died in Ahmednagar and his burial at (khultabad) near Aurangabad in 1707, and a small monument marks the site.

Maharani Ahilyabai Holkar was born on 31 May 1725 in Chondi village of Jamkhed taluka in Ahmednagar district.

In 1759, the Peshwa of the Marathas obtained possession of the place from Nizam of Hyderabad and in 1795 it was ceded by the Peshwa to the Maratha chief Daulat Rao Sindhia. Ahmednagar was invaded by a British force under General Wellesley and captured. It was afterwards restored to the Marathas, but again came into the possession of the British in 1817, according to the terms of the Treaty of Poona.

Military base

Ahmednagar is home to the Indian Armoured Corps Centre & School (ACC&S), the Mechanised Infantry Regimental Centre (MIRC), the Vehicle Research and Development Establishment (VRDE) and the Controllerate of Quality Assurance Vehicles (CQAV). Training and recruitment for the Indian Army Armoured Corps takes place at the ACC&S. Formerly, the city was the Indian base of the British Army's Royal Tank Corps / Indian Armoured Corps, amongst other units. The town houses the second-largest display of military tanks in the world and largest in Asia.^[9]

Climate

Situated in the rain-shadow region of the Western Ghats, Ahmednagar experiences primarily hot and dry climate through November to mid June.

Climate data for Ahmednagar
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Average high °C (°F)	29 (84)	32 (90)	36 (97)	38 (100)	38 (100)	33 (91)	29 (84)	28 (82)	29 (84)	32 (90)	30 (86)	28 (82)	31.8 (89.2)
Average low °C (°F)	10 (50)	12 (54)	16 (61)	21 (70)	23 (73)	23 (73)	22 (72)	22 (72)	20 (68)	18 (64)	14 (57)	10 (50)	17.6 (63.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	5 (0.2)	3 (0.12)	5 (0.2)	10 (0.39)	23 (0.91)	132 (5.2)	97 (3.82)	69 (2.72)	165 (6.5)	56 (2.2)	28 (1.1)	8 (0.31)	601 (23.67)
Source: Ahmednagar Weather

Demographics

As of 2011 Indian census,^[10] Ahmednagar had a population of 347,549. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Ahmednagar has an average literacy rate of 84%, higher than the national urban average of 79.9%.^[11] 10% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Notable people

• Sant Dnyaneshwar, Marathi sant, wrote Dnyaneshwari, a discourse on the Bhagavad Gita.
• Sai Baba of Shirdi, spiritual master
• Anand Rishiji, Jain saint
• Meher Baba, spiritual leader
• Chand Bibi, Nizamshahi princess,defended Ahmednagar Fort against the Mughal forces of Emperor Akbar
• Anna Hazare, Gandhian and social activist
• Shahu Modak, film actor
• Sadashiv Amrapurkar, noted film and theater actor
• Michael J. S. Dewar, theoretical chemist
• Anna Leonowens, educator, feminist, author of The English Governess at the Siamese Court (1870)
• Pramod Kamble, painter and sculptor
• Zaheer Khan, cricketer
• Ajinkya Rahane, cricketer
• Spike Milligan, 1918-2002, comedian and author

Places of interest

Salabat Khan's tomb

Ahmednagar fort entrance

• Chand Bibi Palace - Actually the tomb of Salabat Khan,^[12] this is a solid three-storey stone structure situated on the crest of a hill 13 km from Ahmednagar city.
• Meherabad, where the samadhi (tomb) of the spiritual master Meher Baba is a place of pilgrimage, visited by thousands each year, particularly on the anniversary of his death, Amartithi. His later residence was at Meherazad (near Pimpalgaon village), approximately nine miles north of Ahmednagar.
• Ahmednagar Fort - Built by Ahmed Nizam Shah in 1490, this is one of the best-designed and most impregnable forts in India. As of 2013, it is under the control of the military command of India. Oval in shape, with 18-metre-high walls and 24 citadels, its defence system includes a moat 30 metres wide and 4 to 6 metres deep. Two entrances to the fort are accessed by drawbridges. A target of countless invasions, the Ahmednagar Fort has taken many blows and come out relatively unscathed. It has changed hands many times over from the time of Mughal rule, and was used as a royal prison a number of times. The entire Congress Working Committee was detained there during the Quit India Movement of 1942. Jawaharlal Nehru, later to be India's first prime minister, wrote his book The Discovery of India during his imprisonment from 1942-1945. Some rooms in the fort have been converted into a museum in commemoration of Nehru and other freedom fighters.^[13]
• Cavalry Tank Museum - The Armoured Corps Centre and School has created a museum with an extensive collection of 20th-century armoured fighting vehicles.^[14]
• Vishal Ganpati Mandir - Ganeshji Big temple in the Maliwada area of Ahmednagar City.
• Renuka/Durga Goddess Temple - This temple is located in Kedgaon (around 3 km from Ahmednagar Railway Station, 5 km from Ahmednagar ST bus-stand) which is near Nagar-Pune highway. The Navaratri (nine nights) festival is a celebration of nine nights of battle between the Goddess Durga and demon-king Mahishasura. Eventually Goddess Durga killed Mahishasura on the ninth night and thus the festival signifies the triumph of good over evil.
• Alamagir - Alamgir is situated near Bhingar on the Pathardi road (NH 222). The Mughal emperorAurangzeb died here at the age of 91, his body being taken for burial to Khultabad, near Aurangabad. This historic place also houses a Masjid and Baradari where meetings used to take place. The library near the masjid has rare copies of the Quran, dating back to the time of the emperor Aurangzeb. One of the Qurans here was written by the emperor himself. Currently, the Dar-ul-uloom, Ahmednagar, a Deobandi seminary operates from the compound surrounding the mosque.
• Baugh Rauza - Ahmed Nizam Shah, founder of Ahmednagar, died early in the 16th century, and was buried half a mile north-west of the city. The Bagh Rauza, a fine black stone mausoleum with a domed roof, within which glitter gilded inscriptions from the Quran, enshrines the tomb of this founder and 'faujdar' of Ahmednagar. One of the finest monuments in Ahmednagr, the Baugh Rauza,or the Garden of Shrine, is located just outside the western perimeter of the old city, near the Delhi Gate. The tomb is flanked by two other tombs. A stone monument nearby, is said to be the tomb of Ghulam Ali, a royal elephant who distinguished himself in the battle of Talikot against the Raja of Vijaynagar in 1565, during the reign of the third Nizam Shah.
• Dongargan — An old temple of Lord Shiva in mountains 8 km from Ahmednagar City, having notable waterfalls. This well known tourist place for citizens. Tourist mostly visit a healthy valley, nature's beautifully made, which is known as "Happy Valley" as named by British.(10 km)
• Gorakshanath Gad - An old temple of Gorakshanath Maharaj, Member of Lord Navnath (9 saints in Hindus) is located on hill near city. The best view of city can be seen through this place. This is best place in the city for good climate near Dongargan. (15 km)
• Dargah Daira - A holy place near Ahmednagar city (03 km) where the tomb of Sufi Saint Hazrat Shah Sharif is situated.
• Datta Devasthan - The biggest and greatest Temple of Lord Datta is situated at Savedi Road, near Premdan Chowk, in the City. Temple made by Kshirsagar Maharaj Math. Large pilgrims around from country comes here on Shri Datta Jayanti day, every year.
• Rehekuri Blackbuck Sanctuary: This is situated in Karjat taluka in Ahmednagar district. The area of the sanctuary is 2.17 km².^[15]
• Siddhatek Siddhivinayak - Temple of God Ganesh.
• Shirdi - The hamlet blessed by the revered Saint Sai Baba, revered by Hindus and Muslims alike, about 83 km from Ahmednagar City.
  

  Samadhi of Meher Baba
• Ralegan Siddhi - a village which is a model for environmental conservation. Social activist Anna Hazare is from Ralegan Siddhi.
• Pimpri Gawali- is a village in Parner taluka in Ahmednagar district. It is located about 25 km away from Ahmednagar and it is well known for the watershed development and agribusiness activities.This village has done very basic work in the rain water harvesting through Deep CCT structures and groundwater regulation and management. Farmers self Help groups of the villages formed Producer Company for the value addition of their agricultural commodity. This village has conserved environment through participatory approach.
  

  Deep Continuous Contour Trenches (CCT)
• Shingnapur - A village containing a Shani (planet Saturn) temple and where all the houses are doorless—probably the only village in the world where locks are unnecessary.
• Harishchandragarh - a hill fort.
• Avhane, Shevgaon - Temple of Ganesh (Nidrista/Sleeping).
• Shri Munjaba Tample, Ukkadgaon- In Shrigonda Taluka about 60 km from Ahmednagar main city Its very beautiful Temple with four big statue of ganapati,mahadev(shankar), vinshnu and hanuman on Temple and thousands of devotees visit this place.
• Pimpalner - Samadhi Temple of Shri Sant Nilobaraya, in Parner Taluka, 2 km west of Ralegan Sindhi, Parner Taluka. Also called Prati Pandharpur. Every Ekadashi, thousands of devotees visit this place, chanting abhangas.
• Trimbakji Dengale's Wada : Nimgaojali, a small village in Sangamner taluka of Ahmednagar district, came into limelight in the last phase of the Maratha empire. Trimbakji's spacious wada has now lost its former glory. Some of the portions of this two-centuries old structure are in dilapidated condition. The seventh or the eighth generation descendants of Trimbakji are now residing in this Wada.
• Jamgaon- Place in Parner taluka with a historic 18th-century palace built by Mahadaji Shinde.
• Saint Mahipati Maharaj Temple, Taharabad, Rahuri- A 17th-century writer of the histories of nearly 285 Indian saints.
• Shree Kshetra Korthan Khandoba Devastan Temple of Lord Khandoba.
• Burhannagar Devi Temple- The famous Tulja Bhavani goddess temple near Ahmednagar city about 5 km.
• Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth is an agricultural university at Rahuri, named after an activist and social reformer of 19th century—one of four agricultural universities in the state.^[16]
• Shri Kanifnath Maharaj Samadhi at Madhi, 45 km away from Ahmednagar in Pathardi taluka.Yatra starts at time of Holy and ends at Gudi Padwa, popularly known as "Bhatkyachi pandhari"
• Kharda Fort near Jamkhed,90 km from Ahmednagar.
• Akolner a village near city is birthplace of saint Dasganu also famous for chariot festival(Rath yatra). National bird peacocks are found here.
• Mohatadevi Temple 12 km from Pathardi Taluka
• Sevalal Maharaj Temple in the Pathardi Taluka of Banjara community
• Shri Dhokeshwar Maharaj Mandir at Takali Dhokeshwar in Parner taluka. It is said that it is created by Bhagawan Ram.

Transport

Air

Ahmednagar city have air connectivity by Seaplane service. The port for Seaplane is located at Mula Dam water reservoir, 30 min away from Ahmednagar City. The service offered by Maritime Energy Heli Air Services Pvt. Ltd. (MEHAIR) from 22 September 2014. On going Flight is available from Juhu, Mumbai to Mula Dam. The service will now enable the large number of pilgrims traveling to the holy sites of Meherabad, Shirdi and Shani Shingnapur to travel quickly and conveniently to their destinations.

Rail

Ahmednagar railway station (station code:ANG) is an important station which belongs to Solapur Division of Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. Ahmednagar has rail connectivity with Pune, Manmad, Shirdi, Daund, Goa, Nasik.and metros New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Bangalore, Ahmedabad There is still a demand for direct rail connectivity to other major cities of India. Total 41 Express Trains Stops at this Station.

Road

Ahmednagar is well connected by roads with various major cities of Maharashtra and other states. National Highway 222 from Kalyan to Nirmal near Adilabad in Telangana passes through the city. Ahmednagar has 4 lane road connectivity to Aurangabad, Pune, Nashik, Beed, Solapur, Osmanabad. The Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation (MSRTC) and different private transport operators provides bus service connecting the city to all parts of the state.

Local transport

Ahmednagar Municipal corporation operates an intra-city bus service called AMT Bus Service. which connects different suburbs of the city altogether along with connecting the city to its nearby places beyond municipal limits. Auto Rickshaws (3 wheeler) is also available for personal transport in the city.

Politics

Ahmednagar Municipal Council was upgraded to Municipal Corporation status in 2003. As of November 2013, Sangram Jagtap was the incumbent mayor. Ahmednagar city is represented in the central and state legislatures by the Ahmednagar Lok Sabha and Ahmednagar City Vidhan Sabha seats respectively. The Sitting MP is Dilipkumar Gandhi, while Sangram Jagtap is Ahmednagar MLA.

Media and communication

• Newspapers: Lokmat, Sakaal, Punyanagri, Samana, Loksatta, Nava Maratha, Nagar Times, Divya Marathi, Maharashtra Times, Samachar,Savedi Mitra
• TV Channel: CMN Channel
• Radio: AIR Nagar FM, Radio City, Dhamaal 24, Radio Nagar FM
• Internet: Internet facilities are provided by several suppliers

References

1. "Sangram Jagtap elected mayor". IBNLive. 18 June 2011.
2. "Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). censusindia. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
3. The Kingdom of Ahmadnagar. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. 1966. p. 38. ISBN 978-81-208-2651-9.
4. Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 118–119. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.
5. Sohoni, Pushkar (2015). Aurangabad with Daulatabad, Khuldabad, and Ahmadnagar. London; Mumbai: Deccan Heritage Foundation; Jaico. ISBN 9788184957020.
6. Moraes, Frank (1 January 2007). Jawaharlal Nehru. Jaico Publishing House. p. 319. ISBN 978-81-7992-695-6.
7. Sainik Samachar: The Pictorial Weekly of the Armed Forces. 1988. p. 14.
8. Nagarick (6 June 2007). "Ahmednagar by year 2031". Nagarick.blogspot.com. Retrieved 2011-11-23.
9. "The History of Ahmednagar". Ahmednagar.nic.in. 15 August 1947. Retrieved 2011-11-23.
10. "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
11. Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, "2001 Literacy Rates", Census of India 2001 (Ministry of Home Affairs, India)
12. Ahmednagar City at ahmednagar.nic.in
13. Rajendra Rajan Fort that held Nehru The Tribune, 12 July 2009
14. Tank Museum at ahmednagar.nic.in
15. Maharashtra Forest Department Official website
16. Maharashtra Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri Official website

External links

• Pictures of Ahmednagar at Flickr.com
• Ahmednagar: Places to Visit
• Ahmednagar news in Marathi
• Ahmadnagar entry in Encyclopædia Iranica, 2011

Ahmednagar travel guide from Wikivoyage