Parbhani

This article is about the municipality in Maharashtra, India. For its namesake district, see Parbhani district.
Parbhani
परभणी
پربھنی
City

Marathwada Liberation Day monument in Parbhani
Parbhani
Coordinates: 19°16′N 76°47′E / 19.27°N 76.78°E / 19.27; 76.78Coordinates: 19°16′N 76°47′E / 19.27°N 76.78°E / 19.27; 76.78
Country  India
State Maharashtra
District Parbhani
Government
 • Type Mayor-Corporation
 • Body Parbhani Municipal Corporation
 • Mayor

Smt. Sangeeta Rajendra Wadkar,[1]

(Nationalist Congress Party)
 • Municipal Commissioner Shri Rahul Ashok Rekhawar[2] (I.A.S.)
 • Member of Legislative Assembly Dr. Shri Rahul Vedprakash Patil,[3] (Shiv Sena)
 • Member of Parliament Shri Sanjay Haribhau Jadhav Alias Bandu,[4] (Shiv Sena)
Elevation 347 m (1,138 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Total 307,000
Demonym(s) Parbhanikar/Parbhaniwala
Languages
 • Official Marathi
 • Other Urdu[5]
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 431401
Vehicle registration MH 22
Website www.parbhani.nic.in

Parbhani (parbhani, IPA  [pərbhNi] ) is a city in Maharashtra state of India. It is the administrative headquarters of Parbhani District. Parbhani is the 4th largest city in Marathwada region of the Maharashtra after Aurangabad, Nanded and Latur. Parbhani is around 200 km away from regional headquarter Aurangabad while it is 491 km away from state capital Mumbai. Along with entire Marathwada region, Parbhani was a part of the erstwhile Nizam State; later a part of Hyderabad State; after reorganization of states in 1956 it became a part of the then Bombay state; and from 1960 onwards it is part of the present Maharashtra state.[6]

Parbhani is known for its Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Agricultural University which is one of only 4 agriculture universities of Maharashtra. Moreover, Parbhani is also famous for its annual urs festival at Hazrat Turabul Haq Dargah which attracts lakhs of tourists each year.[7][8]

Origin of Name

In ancient times Parbhani was known as Prabhavati nagari on account of the existence of a massive temple of Goddess Prabhavati. Indian name Prabhavati means goddess Lakshmi and Parvati.[9] Present name Parbhani is a corrupt form of Prabhavati.[10]

History

In the treaty between Sadashivrao Bhau and Nizam of Hyderabad at the conclusion of battle of Udgir by which Peshwa received revenue from the town. After this, Peshwa went to fight third battle of Panipat in 1761. Parbhani languished for over 650 years under Muslim rule, under the Sultans, the Mughals and later the Nizam. The town remained a part of the Hyderabad State under the rulership of the Nizam until Operation Polo of the Indian Army in 1948. Thereafter it became a part of the independent Republic of India. Until 1956 the town remained a part of Hyderabad State within India. Under the administrative reforms that year and the break-up of the State of Hyderabad, Parbhani and the adjacent towns were transferred to the multilingual Bombay State. Since 1960 it has been a part of Maharashtra state and One memorable thing is that The Marathwada Mukti Sangram Andolan (Protest) Was started from Kranti Chawk Of Parbhani and Parbhani Had played a lead role in Andolan. Historically the name Parbhani is derived from "Prabhavati Nagari", named after the goddess "Prabhavati", whose name means Goddess with great aura.

Culture

Main article: Tourism in Marathwada

Notable temples in Parbhani include Shree Motha Maruti (at Deshmukh Galli) (a temple of Lord Hanuman) which is famous in the city, Shree Supari Hanuman Mandir, Jabreshwar (at Wadgalli).Ashtbhuja Mandir is at Gandhi Park, Pardeshwar Temple and Beleshwar Mahadev Temple are known for the worship of Lord Mahadev (also known as Bhagwan Shankar). The Naag Temple is also present in Parbhani, near the Temple of Lord Shani. Shri Siddhivinayak Ganpati Temple at vidyanagar is one of the important and famous temple in the City.Recentely a temple of Goddess Maata Hingulambika'S temple is constructed by bhavsar community behind Shri Datta Dham on Vasmath Road.Originally the temple of Maa Hingulambika is at Baluchisthan in Pakistan,and the pilgrims knows her as Nani-Maa there.

Hazarat Shah Turabul Haq Dargah ( Turatpir ) is located in Parbhani Town. The Dargah consists of the tomb of Hazrat Turabul Haq Shah, a Muslim saint who lived here during the last days of his life. The Dargah is famous for annual Urs i.e. fair of Shah Turabul Haq. Urs is an important festival where people of all religions come together and celebrate for a week (usually start from 2nd Feb to 15th Feb). dargah of Hazrat Qurban Ali shah, dargah of Hazrat Akhund Shah and dargah of many other saints are also situated in the city. In Pathri tehasil of Parbhani district there are three important places: Sai Baba of Shirdi temple in Pathri, Datta temple in Gunj (khurd) and Renuka Devi temple at Pedgaon.

During Namantar Andolan Parbhani district and its villages faced cultural animosities which brought civil rights revolution in Marathwada region.[11][12][13]

Geography

Parbhani is located at 19°16′N 76°47′E / 19.27°N 76.78°E / 19.27; 76.78.[14] It has an average elevation of 347 metres . In the northeast of district on the boundary of Hingoli district and Parbhani district there is extension of Ajanta ranges called Nirmal Hills. The main river in the district is Godavari river, other rivers are Purna and Dudhana which are tributaries of Godavari. Major dams around Parbhani city in Parbhani district are Yeldari dam which is on Purna river, Lower Dudhana dam is on Dudhana river, Mudgal barrage on Godavari river, Masoli Dam MEDIUM PROJECT on Masoli river, Karpara Dam on Karpara river.

Climate

Climate data for Parbhani (1961–1990)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 38.0
(100.4)		 39.8
(103.6)		 42.2
(108)		 45.0
(113)		 46.6
(115.9)		 45.9
(114.6)		 39.1
(102.4)		 36.7
(98.1)		 37.9
(100.2)		 37.7
(99.9)		 36.5
(97.7)		 36.0
(96.8)		 46.6
(115.9)
Average high °C (°F) 30.0
(86)		 33.2
(91.8)		 37.1
(98.8)		 40.4
(104.7)		 41.6
(106.9)		 36.3
(97.3)		 31.9
(89.4)		 30.6
(87.1)		 31.7
(89.1)		 32.6
(90.7)		 30.7
(87.3)		 29.1
(84.4)		 33.8
(92.8)
Average low °C (°F) 14.4
(57.9)		 16.7
(62.1)		 20.5
(68.9)		 24.3
(75.7)		 26.3
(79.3)		 24.4
(75.9)		 23.2
(73.8)		 22.5
(72.5)		 22.3
(72.1)		 20.2
(68.4)		 16.5
(61.7)		 14.0
(57.2)		 20.1
(68.2)
Record low °C (°F) 4.4
(39.9)		 6.1
(43)		 11.6
(52.9)		 16.6
(61.9)		 18.8
(65.8)		 18.7
(65.7)		 19.0
(66.2)		 19.4
(66.9)		 15.2
(59.4)		 10.0
(50)		 8.3
(46.9)		 4.8
(40.6)		 4.4
(39.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 5.7
(0.224)		 4.6
(0.181)		 12.5
(0.492)		 7.0
(0.276)		 19.2
(0.756)		 157.8
(6.213)		 238.4
(9.386)		 265.4
(10.449)		 184.9
(7.28)		 74.6
(2.937)		 13.8
(0.543)		 12.5
(0.492)		 996.4
(39.228)
Average rainy days 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.8 1.8 8.8 10.8 11.2 8.9 3.2 0.8 0.7 48.6
Source: India Meteorological Department (record high and low up to 2010)[15][16]

Demographics

Parbhani after sunset
Parbhani after sunset

According to the 2011 census, the population of Parbhani city is 3,07,191 and it was officially accorded city status by establishing a municipal corporation. Male and female populations are 157,628 and 149,563 respectively, a ratio of 949 females per 1000 males. The average literacy rate of Parbhani city is 84.34 percent (225,298 people), with male literacy at 90.71 percent and female at 77.70 percent. Children (aged 0–6 years) in Parbhani city total 40,075 according to the Census India report published in 2011. There were 21,187 boys and 18,888 are girls, a ratio of 981 girls per 1000 boys. [17] [18]

According to 2011 census religious population of Parbhani city is as follows, Hindus 138,562, Muslims 126,702, Buddhist 36,203, Jain 2,870, Not Stated 1,447, Christian 697, Sikh 632, Others 57. Hinduism is majority religion in Parbhani city with 45.11% followers. Islam is second most popular religion in city of Parbhani with approximately 41.25% following it and Buddhism by 09.21%, Christinity is followed by 0.23%, Jainism by 0.93%, Sikhism by 0.21%. Around 0.02% stated 'Other Religion', approximately 0.47% stated 'No Particular Religion'.[19]

Healthcare

The condition of healthcare in Parbhani is very good. Though high-end facilities are not available, essential basic needs of healthcare can be easily fulfilled. A number of intensive care units & 2 Multi-Super Specialty Hospitals are currently being opened up in Parbhani. City has district civil hospital with 412 beds and separate Govt. eye hospital as well as Govt. orthopaedic hospital are available and a separate Govt. women's hospital has also been sanctioned for the city due to efforts taken by Ex-health minister Mrs. Fouzia Khan.[20]

Aundha Nagnath, औंढा नागनाथ nearest 45 km way from parbhani
Pardeshwar Temple, Parbhani

Transport

Rail

The transport system of the town is largely dependent on rails. Parbhani has a railway junction situated on Secunderabad-Manmad section of South Central Railway Zone. The town has connectivity to major cities of Maharashtra such as Aurangabad, Mumbai, Nagpur, Pune and Ajmer. It is also connected to other Indian cities like New Delhi, Ajmer, Hyderabad, Nizamabad, Vishakapatnam and Chennai.

Roads

National Highway 222 which connects the states Telangana and Maharashtra passes through the town which makes it have connectivity to Mumbai, Nanded. The NH222 pave its way into National Highway 3 at Kalyan and National Highway 7 at Nirmal, these highways open further connectivity options for Parbhani making it to connect with North Eastern cities of Indore, Jhansi, Agra and North-Southern cities like Varanasi, Nagpur, Adilabad, Nizamabad, Hyderabad, Bangalore and Kanyakumari.

Economy

Parbhani has Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation area for development of industries in the region but because of lack of political will Parbhani doesn't have any big industry.[21]

Demand for Nanded-Aurangabad Industrial Corridor

Parbhani city is situated on the route of two regional big cities Aurangabad and Nanded, so there has been constant demand for creation of new industrial zone named Nanded-Aurangabad Industrial Corridor which will connect to Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor Project.[22] This project will not only help Parbhani to develop but it will promote industrial growth in entire Marathwada.

Government and Politics

Since 1989, Parbhani is stronghold of Shiv Sena both in Maharashtra Legislative Assembly elections and in Lok Sabha elections for Indian Parliament.[23][24] Politics of Parbhani is mainly religious politics, Ministry of Minority Affairs declared Parbhani as Minority Concentration District as Muslims makes 15.97% of the population, so religious polarization is common phenomenon of Parbhani politics.[25] Religious politics have restricted developmental growth of Parbhani.[26]

BIG Shopping Mall, Apna Corner, Parbhani
Annual Parbhani Dargah Festival

Non-Government Organizations

Education

There are high quality education facilities in Parbhani. There are well-reputed schools,Has number of CBSE affiliated Schools good colleges and most importantly an agricultural university. Besides boys there were 41 girls under instructions for primary education in 1903.[27]

Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Agricultural University (VNMAU) Parbhani is the only agricultural university in India which conducts all agriculture related courses in single campus,VNMAU is one of four Agri-Universities in the State of Maharashtra. Prior to original Maharashtra Agricultural University, it was established on May 18, 1972 to fulfil the regional aspirations of agrarian growth. It is entrusted with the responsibilities to pro- vide education in agriculture and allied fields, undertake research and facilitate technology transfer in Marathwada region of Maharashtra. The first college of Agriculture was established in this region at Parbhani in 1956 by Hyderabad State Government just before State reorganization. During Nizam's rule, however, agricultural education was available only at Hyderabad but crop research centres viz., sorghum, cotton, fruits existed in the region. The foundation of research was laid by the erstwhile Nizam State with commencement of the Main Experimental Farm at Parbhani in 1918. The famous 'Gaorani' desi cotton is the result of the research on cotton and local sorghum cultivars were improved by selec- tion by the then Economic Botanist. Since then Parbhani remain the hub of educational, research and extension activ- ities in Marathwada.facilitate technology transfer, etc. It is the only agricultural university in India where all the branches of Agricultural Sciences are taught.[28] College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Parbhani is located here which is one of the constituent Veterinary Colleges coming under the authority of Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur from 2000. Earlier this college was established in 1972 as a part of MAU.

Colleges

Some of the major colleges are

Gallery

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Parbhani district.

References

  1. ↑ "Corporators Profile (List Of Elected Members)". Parbhani Municipal Corporation.
  2. ↑ "timesofindia.indiatimes.com".
  3. ↑ "Parbhani (Maharashtra) Assembly Constituency Elections". www.elections.in.
  4. ↑ "Parbhani Lok Sabha Elections and Results 2014". www.elections.in.
  5. ↑ "National Commission for Linguistic Minority". 50th/report/nclm. Retrieved 20 Sep 2015.
  6. ↑ "Parbhani overview". Retrieved 22 July 2015.
  7. ↑ "Parbhani, India". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 19 July 2015.
  8. ↑ "सय्यद शाह तुराबुल हक साहेब (फोटो फिचर)" (in Marathi). Sakal. Retrieved 19 July 2015.
  9. ↑ "Meaning of Prabhavati". bachpan. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
  10. ↑ "Parbhani District Gazetteers chapter 1". cultural.maharashtra.gov.in. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
  11. ↑ Namantar Andolan
  12. ↑ Mendelsohn, O., Vicziany, M., (1998). The Untouchables Subordination, Poverty and the State in Modern India, Cambridge University Press, pp 73-75
  13. ↑ The Untouchables: Subordination, Poverty and the State in Modern India - Oliver Mendelsohn, Marika Vicziany - Google Books. Books.google.co.in. 1998-04-30. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
  14. ↑ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Parbhani
  15. ↑ "Parbhani Climatological Table Period: 1961–1990". India Meteorological Department. Retrieved April 10, 2015.
  16. ↑ "Ever recorded Maximum and minimum temperatures up to 2010" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. Retrieved April 10, 2015.
  17. ↑ "City Population Census 2011 |". Census2011.co.in. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
  18. ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
  19. ↑
  20. ↑
  21. ↑ http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/DIPS%20Parbhani.pdf>
  22. ↑ "DMICDC". DMICDC. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
  23. ↑ "Parbhani (Maharashtra) Election Results 2014, Current and Previous MLA". Elections.in. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
  24. ↑ "Parbhani(Maharashtra) Lok Sabha Election Results 2014 with Sitting MP and Party Name". Elections.in. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
  25. ↑ "Parbhani |". Minorityaffairs.gov.in. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
  26. ↑ http://www.icssr.org/parbhani.pdf
  27. ↑ Imperial Gazetteer of India, Volume 19, 410–416.
  28. ↑ Archived 10 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine.

5.http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/358-parbhani.html

6.http://mkv2.mah.nic.in/doe/maufrgen.html Rajiv Gandhi college of food Technology

External links

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