Alfredo Rocco

Alfredo Rocco
President of the Italian Chamber of Deputies
In office 24 May 1924 – 5 January 1925
Preceded by	Enrico De Nicola
Succeeded by	Antonio Casertano
Italian Minister of Justice
In office 5 January 1925 – 20 July 1932
Prime Minister	Benito Mussolini
Preceded by	Aldo Oviglio
Succeeded by	Pietro De Francisci
Personal details
Born	9 September 1875 Napoli, Italy
Died	28 August 1935 (aged 59) Rome, Italy
Nationality	Italian
Political party	Radical Party (until 1910) Italian Nationalist Association (1910-1923) National Fascist Party (1923-1935)
Religion	Roman Catholic

Alfredo Rocco (9 September 1875 – 28 August 1935) was an Italian politician and jurist.

Rocco was born in Naples.

He was Professor of Commercial Law at the University of Urbino (1899-1902) and in Macerata (1902-1905), then Professor of Civil Procedure in Parma, of Business Law in Padua, and later of Economic Legislation at "La Sapienza" University of Rome, of which he was rector from 1932 to 1935.

Rocco as an economist-minded politician developed the early concept of the economic and political theory of corporatism^[1] which, later adapted, would become part of the ideology of the National Fascist Party.

Rocco began his political career as a Marxist in the Radical Party but eventually turned to the "proletarian nationalism" of the Italian Nationalist Association (ANI), a political party that he had major influences on. Rocco was critical of Italy's weak material and economic power which he said was responsible for Italian dependence on the European "plutocracies" of France, Germany, and the United Kingdom.^[2] Rocco also denounced the European powers for imposing foreign culture on Italy and criticized the European powers for endorsing too much individualism.^[3] He later joined the National Fascist Party once they merged with the Italian Nationalist Association.^[4]

Elected in 1921 at the Chamber of Deputies, of which he was President in 1924, from 1925 to 1932 he was Minister of Justice and promoted the criminal codification, by signing in 1930 the Criminal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure (with the help of Vincenzo Manzini), and reconciling Classical and Positivist school with the system of so-called "double track".

References

1. Payne, Stanley G. 1996. A History of Fascism, 1914-1945. Routledge. Pp. 64
2. Gregor, James A. 2005. Mussolini's Intellectuals: Fascist Social and Political Thought.Princeton: Princeton University Press. p42
3. Gregor. p42-43
4. Chilton, Stephen (2005-04-22). "Notes on Ball & Dagger reader; Alfredo Rocco (1925 [trans. 1926])"The Political Theory of Fascism"" (Web). Selections from The Political Doctrine of Fascism. The University of Minnesota. Retrieved 2007-06-14.

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