List of allergens

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This is a list of allergies, which includes the allergen, potential reactions, and treatments.

Allergens

Food

Name	Potential reaction(s)	Remarks
Balsam of Peru	Redness, swelling, itching, allergic contact dermatitis reactions, stomatitis (inflammation and soreness of the mouth or tongue), cheilitis (inflammation, rash, or painful erosion of the lips, oropharyngeal mucosa, or angles of their mouth), pruritis, hand eczema, generalized or resistant plantar dermatitis, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and blisters.	Present in many foods, such as coffee, flavored tea, wine, beer, gin, liqueurs, apéritifs (e.g. vermouth, bitters), soft drinks including cola, juice, citrus, citrus fruit peel, marmalade, tomatoes and tomato-containing products, Mexican and Italian foods with red sauces, ketchup, spices (e.g. cloves, Jamaica pepper (allspice), cinnamon, nutmeg, paprika, curry, anise, and ginger), chili sauce, barbecue sauce, chutney, pickles, pickled vegetables, chocolate, vanilla, baked goods and pastries, pudding, ice cream, chewing gum, and candy.
Fruit	Mild itching, rash, blisters at point of oral contact	Mango, strawberries are common problems
Rice	Sneezing, runny nose, itching, stomachache, eczema.	People with a rice allergy can be affected by eating rice or breathing in rice steam.
Garlic	Dermatitis, asymmetrical pattern of fissure, thickening/shedding of the outer skin layers,[1] anaphylaxis
Oats	Dermatitis, respiratory problems, anaphylaxis
Meat[2]	Dermatitis, rarely anaphylaxis	Allergies to the sugar carbohydrate found in beef, lamb, and pork called alpha-gal. It is brought on by tick bites.[3][4]
Milk[5]	Skin rash, hives, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain, flatulence, nasal congestion, dermatitis, blisters, anaphylaxis
Peanut[6]	Anaphylaxis, sometimes vomiting	Includes some cold-pressed peanut oils. Distinct from tree nut allergy, as peanuts are legumes.
Fish / Shellfish[5]	Anaphylaxis, sometimes vomiting	Hazard extends to exposure to cooking vapors, or handling.
Soy	Anaphylaxis, sometimes vomiting
Tree nut[7]	Anaphylaxis, sometimes vomiting	Hazard extends to exposure to cooking vapors, or handling. Distinct from peanut allergy, as peanuts are legumes.
Wheat[8]	Eczema (atopic dermatitis), Hives, asthma, hay fever, angioedema, abdominal cramps, Celiac disease, diarrhea, temporary (3 or 4 day) mental incompetence, anemia, nausea, and vomiting[9]
Hot peppers	Skin rash, hives, throat tightness, tongue swelling, possible vomiting
Gluten	Anaphylaxis, sometimes vomiting
Egg	Anaphylaxis, sometimes flatulence and vomiting
Tartrazine	Skin irritation, hives, rash	Synthetic yellow food coloring, also used for bright green coloring
Sulfites	Hives, rash, redness of skin, headache (particular frontal), burning behind eyes, breathing difficulties (anaphylaxis)

Drug

Name	Possible reaction(s)	Remarks
Balsam of Peru	Redness, swelling, itching, allergic contact dermatitis reactions, stomatitis (inflammation and soreness of the mouth or tongue), cheilitis (inflammation, rash, or painful erosion of the lips, oropharyngeal mucosa, or angles of their mouth), pruritis, hand eczema, generalized or resistant plantar dermatitis, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and blisters.	Present in many drugs, such as hemorrhoid suppositories and ointment (e.g. Anusol), cough medicine/suppressant and lozenges, diaper rash ointments, oral and lip ointments, tincture of benzoin, wound spray (it has been reported to inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis as well as the common ulcer-causing bacteria H. pylori in test-tube studies), calamine lotion, surgical dressings, dental cement, eugenol used by dentists, some periodontal impression materials, and in the treatment of dry socket in dentistry.
Tetracycline	Many, including: severe headache, dizziness, blurred vision, fever, chills, body aches, flu symptoms, severe blistering, peeling, dark colored urine[10][11][12]
Dilantin	Many, including: swollen glands, easy bruising or bleeding, fever, sore throat[13][14][15]
Tegretol (carbamazepine)	Shortness of breath, wheezing or difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, tongue etc., hives[16][17][18]
Penicillin	Diarrhea, hypersensitivity, nausea, rash, neurotoxicity, urticaria
Cephalosporins	Maculopapular or morbilliform skin eruption, and less commonly urticaria, eosinophilia, serum-sickness–like reactions, and anaphylaxis.[19]
Sulfonamides	Urinary tract disorders, haemopoietic disorders, porphyria and hypersensitivity reactions, Stevens–Johnson syndrome toxic epidermal necrolysis
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (cromolyn sodium, nedocromil sodium, etc.)	Many, including: swollen eyes, lips, or tongue, difficulty swallowing, shortness of breath, rapid heart rate[20]
Intravenous contrast dye	Anaphylactoid reactions and contrast-induced nephropathy
Local anesthetics	Urticaria and rash, dyspnea, wheezing, flushing, cyanosis, tachycardia[21]

Environmental

Name	Possible reaction(s)	Remarks
Balsam of Peru	Redness, swelling, itching, allergic contact dermatitis reactions, stomatitis (inflammation and soreness of the mouth or tongue), cheilitis (inflammation, rash, or painful erosion of the lips, oropharyngeal mucosa, or angles of their mouth), pruritis, hand eczema, generalized or resistant plantar dermatitis, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and blisters.	A number of national and international surveys have identified Balsam of Peru as being in the "top five" allergens most commonly causing patch test reactions in people referred to dermatology clinics.[22][23]
Pollen	Sneezing, body ache, headache (in rare cases, extremely painful cluster headaches may occur due to allergic sinusitis; these may leave a temporary time period of 1 and a half to 2 days with eye sensitivity), allergic conjunctivitis (includes watery, red, swelled, itchy, and irritating eyes), runny nose, irritation of the nose, nasal congestion, minor fatigue, chest pain and discomfort, coughing, sore throat, facial discomfort (feeling of stuffed face) due to allergic sinusitis, possible asthma attack, wheezing
Cat	Sneezing, itchy swollen eyes
Dog	Rash, sneezing, congestion, wheezing, vomiting from coughing, Sometimes itchy welts.	Caused by dander, saliva or urine of dogs, or by dust, pollen or other allergens that have been carried on the fur.[24] Allergy to dogs is present in as much as 10 percent of the population.[24]
Insect sting	Hives, wheezing, possible anaphylaxis
Mold	Sneeze, coughing, itchy, discharge from the nose, respiratory irritation, congested feeling,[25] joint aches, headaches, fatigue[26]
Perfume	Itchy eyes, runny nose, headaches, muscle/joint pain, asthma attack, wheezing, blisters
Cosmetics	Contact dermatitis,[27] irritant contact dermatitis, inflammation, redness,[28] conjunctivitis[29]
Semen	Burning, pain and swelling, possibly for days, swelling or blisters, vaginal redness,[30] fever, runny nose, extreme fatigue[31][32][33][34][35]	In a case study in Switzerland, a woman who was allergic to Balsam of Peru was allergic to her boyfriend's semen following intercourse, after he drank large amounts of Coca Cola.[36]
Latex	Contact dermatitis, hypersensitivity
Water (see note)	Epidermal itching	Strictly Aquagenic pruritus, but Cold urticaria may also be described as a "water allergy," in which water may cause hives and anaphylaxis
House dust mite[37]	Asthma	Home allergen reduction may be recommended
Nickel (nickel sulfate hexahydrate)	Allergic contact dermatitis, dyshidrotic eczema[38][39]
Gold (gold sodium thiosulfate)	Allergic contact dermatitis
Chromium	Allergic contact dermatitis
Cobalt chloride	Allergic contact dermatitis
Formaldehyde	Allergic contact dermatitis
Photographic developers	Allergic contact dermatitis
Fungicide	Allergic contact dermatitis,fever,anaphylaxis

Contact

Many substances can cause an allergic reaction when in contact with the human integumentary system.

Contact allergens

Allergen	Source	Cross reacts with	Clinical presentation
Dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA)	Found within cocamidopropyl betaine in liquid soaps and shampoos		Eyelid dermatitis
Latex[nb 1]		Avocado Banana Chestnut Kiwi Passion fruit Peach Mango Pineapple Fig Cantaloupe Apple Papaya Ethylene-ripened fruits
Paraphenylenediamine (PPD)	Black hair dye Color developer Scuba gear Henna[nb 2]	Para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) Azo dyes Sulfonamides Sulfonylureas Thiazides Ester anesthetics
Glyceryl monothioglycolate	Permanent hair waving solutions
Toluenesulfonamide formaldehyde (Toluidine)	Nail polish		Eyelid dermatitis

1. Risk factors for reaction to latex include spina bifida, female gender, repeated urinary catheterization, repeated fecal impaction.
2. Paraphenylenediamine may be added to henna but is not found in pure henna.

See also

• Allergic inflammation
• Elimination diet
• Food intolerance
• Oral allergy syndrome
• List of inclusion bodies that aid in diagnosis of cutaneous conditions
• List of cutaneous conditions
• List of genes mutated in cutaneous conditions
• List of target antigens in pemphigus
• List of specialized glands within the human integumentary system

References

1. Thomas D. Horn (2003). Dermatology, Volume 2. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 305. ISBN 0-323-02578-1.
2. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/news/fullstory_131179.html
3. "Rare Meat Allergy Caused By Tick Bites May Be On The Rise". NPR.org. 27 November 2012.
4. http://www.acaai.org/annual_meeting/Documents/ACAAIProgramGuide2012c.pdf
5. National Institutes of Health, NIAID Allergy Statistics 2005 http://www.niaid.nih.gov/factsheets/allergystat.htm
6. National Institutes of Health, NIAID Allergy Statistics 2005
7. National Institutes of Health, NIAID Allergy Statistics http://www3.niaid.nih.gov/topics/foodAllergy/understanding/quickFacts.htm
8. Akagawa M, Handoyo T, Ishii T, Kumazawa S, Morita N, Suyama K (2007). "Proteomic analysis of wheat flour allergens". J. Agric. Food Chem. 55 (17): 6863–70. doi:10.1021/jf070843a. PMID 17655322.
9. "Allergy Society of South Africa – Wheat Allergy". Archived from the original on 2008-04-24. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
10. Tetracycline – Drugs.com
11. Allergies From Antibiotics |LIVESTRONG.COM
12. Allergies From Antibiotics |LIVESTRONG.COM
13. Dilantin Information from Drugs.com
14. What are the most serious side effects of Dilantin?: Basic |Epilepsy.com
15. Anticonvulsant Drug Therapy: Dilantin: Neurology: UI Health Topics
16. Trileptal CMI approved 03.12.01
17. Tegretol (carbamazepine)
18. Carbamazepine
19. MMS: Error
20. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Medicines (NSAIDs)
21. September 1998 CDA Journal – Toxicity and Allergy to Local Anesthesia
22. Gottfried Schmalz, Dorthe Arenholt Bindslev (2008). Biocompatibility of Dental Materials. Springer. Retrieved March 5, 2014.
23. Edward T. Bope, Rick D. Kellerman (2013). Conn's Current Therapy 2014: Expert Consult. Elsevier Health Sciences. Retrieved March 6, 2014.
24. Dog Allergy at American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. References up to 2011
25. Mold allergies, Mold allergy symptoms, What is mold allergy
26. Mold allergies, allergic response, and allergy symptoms
27. Two Types of Cosmetic Allergy
28. The Downside To Cosmetics – Cosmetic Allergy
29. Conjunctivitis – allergic and infectious – information, symptoms and treatment |Bupa UK
30. Getting Pregnant and Fertility Problems: Sperm Allergy
31. 'Flu-like symptoms actually semen allergy' – Times LIVE
32. Semen Allergy Can Cause Flu-like Symptoms in Men |TopNews United States
33. Semen Allergy Can Be Treated, Study Shows |Daily Health Report
34. Semen Allergy
35. UPDATE 1-Semen allergy suspected in rare post-orgasm illness – AlertNet
36. Harlan Walker (1990). Oxford Symposium on Food & Cookery, 1989: Staplefoods: Proceedings. Oxford Symposium. Retrieved March 7, 2014.
37. Xavier Basagaña, Jordi Sunyer, Manolis Kogevinas, Jan-Paul Zock, Enric Duran-Tauleria, Deborah Jarvis, Peter Burney, Josep Maria Anto, and on behalf of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (2004). "Socioeconomic Status and Asthma Prevalence in Young Adults. The European Community Respiratory Health Survey". American Journal of Epidemiology 160 (2): 178–188. doi:10.1093/aje/kwh186. PMID 15234940.
38. Vien, Niels K.; Kaaber, Knud (1979). "Nickel cobalt and chromium sensitivity in patients with pompholyx (dyshidrotic eczema)". Contact Dermatitis 5 (6): 371–4. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1979.tb04907.x. PMID 160856.
39. Kaaber, K.; Veien, N. K.; Tjell, J. C. (1978). "Low nickel diet in the treatment of patients with chronic nickel dermatitis". British Journal of Dermatology 98 (2): 197–201. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1978.tb01622.x. PMID 629873.

• Bolognia, Jean L.; et al. (2007). Dermatology. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 1-4160-2999-0.
• James, William D.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.

Further reading

• Resource List on Food Allergies and Intolerances for Consumers (PDF|266 KB), Food and Nutrition Information Center, National Agricultural Library. A collection of resources on the topic of food allergies and intolerances.