Amador County, California

Amador County, California
County
County of Amador
The Amador County foothills in April 2007
Flag Seal
Nickname(s): "The Heart of the Mother Lode"
Location in the state of California
California's location in the United States
Country	United States of America
State	California
Region	Sierra Nevada
Incorporated	May 1, 1854[1]
County seat	Jackson
Largest city	Ione
Area
• Total	606 sq mi (1,570 km^2)
• Land	595 sq mi (1,540 km^2)
• Water	11.4 sq mi (30 km^2)
Highest elevation[2]	9,414 ft (2,869 m)
Population (April 1, 2010)[3]
• Total	38,091
• Estimate (2015)[3]	37,001
• Density	63/sq mi (24/km^2)
Time zone	Pacific Time Zone (UTC-8)
• Summer (DST)	Pacific Daylight Time (UTC-7)
Area code	209
FIPS code	06-005
GNIS feature ID	1675841
Website	www.co.amador.ca.us

Amador County, officially the County of Amador, is a county located in the U.S. state of California, in the Sierra Nevada. As of the 2010 census, the population was 38,091.^[4] The county seat is Jackson.^[5]

Amador County bills itself as "The Heart of the Mother Lode" and lies within the Gold Country. There is a substantial viticultural industry in the county.

History

Dr. Charles Boarman (1828-1880), son of Rear Admiral Charles Boarman, and his family settled in the area. He served as the first county physician and coroner from 1863 to 1880.

The Amador County Courthouse consists of two buildings, the second courthouse (built 1864) and the Hall of Records (1893), that were enclosed and combined in 1939 with an Art Deco exterior.^[6]

High-grade Gold-quartz ore from Amador County

Amador County was created by the California Legislature on May 11, 1854.^[7] The county later split into Amador, Calaveras, and El Dorado Counties. It was organized on July 3, 1854.^[7] In 1864, part of the county's territory was given to Alpine County.

The county is named for José María Amador, a soldier, rancher, and miner, born in San Francisco in 1794,^[8] the son of Sergeant Pedro Amador (a Spanish soldier who settled in California in 1771) and younger brother to Sinforosa Amador.

In 1848, Jose Maria Amador, with several Native Americans, established a successful gold mining camp near the present town of Amador City. In Spanish, the word amador means "one who loves". Some of the Mother Lode's most successful gold mines were located in Amador County, including the Kennedy, Argonaut, and Keystone.

In popular culture

"The Luck of Roaring Camp" is a short story by American author Bret Harte. It was first published in the August 1868 issue of the Overland Monthly and helped push Harte to international prominence. Harte lived in this area during his "Gold Rush" period, and possibly based the story in a mining camp on the Mokelumne River.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 606 square miles (1,570 km²), of which 595 square miles (1,540 km²) is land and 11.4 square miles (30 km²) (1.9%) is water.^[9] It is the fifth-smallest county in California by land area and second-smallest by total area. Water bodies in the county include Lake Amador, Lake Camanche, Pardee Reservoir, Bear River Reservoir, Silver Lake, Sutter Creek, Cosumnes River, Mokelumne River, and Tabeaud Lake.

Amador County is located approximately 45 miles (72 km) southeast of Sacramento in the part of California known as the Mother Lode, or Gold Country in the Sierra Nevada.

Amador County ranges in elevation from approximately 250 feet (76 m) in the western portion of the county to over 9,000 feet (2,700 m) in the eastern portion of the county. The county is bordered on the north by the Cosumnes River and El Dorado County and on the south by the Mokelumne River and Calaveras County, on the west by Sacramento and San Joaquin Counties, and the east by Alpine County.

Shenandoah Valley

Amador Vineyard

Cabernet Sauvignon from Amador County.

Though not as well known as the Napa Valley AVA or Sonoma Valley AVA viticultural regions of California, the Shenandoah Valley was once the principal viticultural region of California.^[10] With the discovery of gold, the area quickly became a mecca for those trying to make their fortune. In the process numerous wineries sprouted up, many of whose vineyards are still in use by wineries today. The decline of the California Gold Rush coupled with the onset of Prohibition devastated the wine-making region of Amador County. Today this area has been resurrected and is now home to over 40 different wineries. Amador County is renowned for its Zinfandel, but many other varietals are produced as well. Amador County has a high percentage of old Zinfandel vines. Some of the Zinfandel vineyards in this county are more than 125 years old, including the original Grandpère vineyard, planted with Zinfandel before 1869 and believed to be the oldest Zinfandel vineyard in America.^[11] This 10-acre (40,000 m²) vineyard is home to some of the oldest Zinfandel vines on Earth, with proof of their existence dating to 1869 when it was listed as a descriptor on a deed from the U.S. Geological Survey. A grant deed in Amador County records further proves their existence in 1869. These old vines produce intense flavors allowing winemakers to make outstanding Zinfandels.

National protected area

• Eldorado National Forest (part)
• Mokelumne Wilderness (part)

Gold mining

There are numerous gold mines in Amador County including the Argonaut Mine, the Kennedy Mine, the Central Eureka, and the Lincoln. The Kennedy Mine in Jackson was the deepest gold mine of its time. The federal government closed all of the Mother Lode's mines were closed in 1942, because they were considered non-essential to the war effort. Recently the Sutter Gold Mining Company has attempted to re-open the Lincoln Mine just north of Sutter Creek. If the mine successfully reaches the operation phase, it will be the first corporately funded, large scale underground gold mine in the area in over 70 years.

Demographics

2011

Population, race, and income
Total population[12]	38,244
White[12]	33,454	87.5%
Black or African American[12]	870	2.3%
American Indian or Alaska Native[12]	889	2.3%
Asian[12]	529	1.4%
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander[12]	82	0.2%
Some other race[12]	1,432	3.7%
Two or more races[12]	988	2.6%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race)[13]	4,677	12.2%
Per capita income[14]	$28,030
Median household income[15]	$56,180
Median family income[16]	$69,521

Places by population, race, and income

Places by population and race
Place	Type[17]	Population[12]	White[12]	Other[12] [note 1]	Asian[12]	Black or African American[12]	Native American[12] [note 2]	Hispanic or Latino (of any race)[13]
Amador City	City	158	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Buckhorn	CDP	2,090	98.4%	1.6%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	5.6%
Buena Vista	CDP	435	68.5%	25.1%	0.0%	0.0%	6.4%	0.0%
Camanche North Shore	CDP	791	96.7%	3.3%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	16.9%
Camanche Village	CDP	704	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Drytown	CDP	138	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Fiddletown	CDP	121	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Ione	City	7,873	70.7%	14.6%	2.6%	9.7%	2.4%	25.3%
Jackson	City	4,626	90.7%	4.8%	1.2%	0.8%	2.5%	16.6%
Kirkwood ‡	CDP	39	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Martell	CDP	140	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Pine Grove	CDP	2,573	93.0%	5.9%	1.1%	0.0%	0.0%	7.3%
Pioneer	CDP	1,226	82.1%	2.6%	0.0%	0.0%	15.3%	0.0%
Plymouth	City	1,055	94.0%	3.2%	0.6%	0.0%	2.2%	11.7%
Red Corral	CDP	1,757	84.4%	11.8%	2.3%	0.2%	1.4%	2.9%
River Pines	CDP	578	97.1%	0.0%	2.9%	0.0%	0.0%	6.9%
Sutter Creek	City	2,497	93.4%	1.5%	4.8%	0.0%	0.3%	5.3%
Volcano	CDP	183	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
‡ Data for Amador County area of this CDP

Places by population and income
Place	Type[17]	Population[18]	Per capita income[14]	Median household income[15]	Median family income[16]
Amador City	City	158	$36,439	$63,036	$81,500
Buckhorn	CDP	2,090	$31,611	$50,365	$54,833
Buena Vista	CDP	435	$12,573	$32,944	$33,444
Camanche North Shore	CDP	791	$31,857	$58,309	$79,125
Camanche Village	CDP	704	$35,199	$98,333	$98,631
Drytown	CDP	138	$20,676	$21,172	$70,595
Fiddletown	CDP	121	$69,702	$65,192	$49,766
Ione	City	7,873	$14,946	$72,734	$79,775
Jackson	City	4,626	$24,945	$48,631	$63,028
Kirkwood ‡	CDP	39	$14,623	$7,188	[19]
Martell	CDP	140	$23,051	$50,962	$90,391
Pine Grove	CDP	2,573	$29,918	$52,917	$74,048
Pioneer	CDP	1,226	$32,153	$42,917	$92,600
Plymouth	City	1,055	$21,626	$38,333	$56,667
Red Corral	CDP	1,757	$20,145	$58,450	$57,803
River Pines	CDP	578	$30,626	$31,544	$38,875
Sutter Creek	City	2,497	$26,788	$46,316	$51,389
Volcano	CDP	183	$47,178	$89,688	[19]
‡ Data for Amador County area of this CDP

2010

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1860	10,930		—
1870	9,582		−12.3%
1880	11,384		18.8%
1890	10,320		−9.3%
1900	11,116		7.7%
1910	9,086		−18.3%
1920	7,793		−14.2%
1930	8,494		9.0%
1940	8,973		5.6%
1950	9,151		2.0%
1960	9,990		9.2%
1970	11,821		18.3%
1980	19,314		63.4%
1990	30,039		55.5%
2000	35,100		16.8%
2010	38,091		8.5%
Est. 2015	37,001		−2.9%
U.S. Decennial Census[20] 1790–1960[21] 1900–1990[22] 1990–2000[23] 2010–2015[4]

The 2010 United States Census reported that Amador County had a population of 38,091. The racial makeup of Amador County was 33,149 (87.0%) White, 962 (2.5%) African American, 678 (1.8%) Native American, 419 (1.1%) Asian, 77 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 1,450 (3.8%) from other races, and 1,356 (3.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4,756 persons (12.5%).^[24]

Population reported at 2010 United States Census
The County	Total Population	White	African American	Native American	Asian	Pacific Islander	other races	two or more races	Hispanic or Latino (of any race)
Amador County	38,091	33,149	962	678	419	77	1,450	1,356	4,756
Incorporated cities	Total Population	White	African American	Native American	Asian	Pacific Islander	other races	two or more races	Hispanic or Latino (of any race)
Amador City	185	171	0	4	2	0	2	6	11
Ione	7,918	5,826	824	173	110	21	678	286	1,991
Jackson	4,651	4,090	32	94	60	4	185	186	520
Plymouth	1,005	850	3	18	6	2	70	56	183
Sutter Creek	2,501	2,272	10	34	65	5	40	75	219
Census-designated places	Total Population	White	African American	Native American	Asian	Pacific Islander	other races	two or more races	Hispanic or Latino (of any race)
Buckhorn	2,429	2,259	9	37	25	4	47	48	168
Buena Vista	429	365	1	23	0	0	12	28	35
Camanche North Shore	979	860	3	14	12	3	38	49	150
Camanche Village	847	762	0	9	8	4	31	33	121
Drytown	167	153	0	0	1	0	2	11	11
Fiddletown	235	215	0	5	1	0	8	6	22
Kirkwood‡	61	59	0	1	1	0	0	0	2
Martell	282	234	0	14	0	5	14	15	36
Pine Grove	2,219	2,027	9	36	9	6	49	83	202
Pioneer	1,094	1,017	0	34	1	2	12	28	52
Red Corral	1,413	1,259	24	15	12	3	33	67	147
River Pines	379	324	0	5	4	0	8	38	31
Volcano	115	109	0	2	2	0	0	2	7
Unincorporated communities	Total Population	White	African American	Native American	Asian	Pacific Islander	other races	two or more races	Hispanic or Latino (of any race)
All others not CDPs (combined)	11,182	10,297	47	160	100	18	221	339	848
‡ - census results for the portion of this CDP in Amador County

2000

As of the census^[25] of 2000, there were 35,100 people, 12,759 households, and 9,071 families residing in the county. The population density was 59 people per square mile (23/km²). There were 15,035 housing units at an average density of 25 per square mile (10/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 85.8% White, 3.9% Black or African American, 1.8% Native American, 1.0% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 5.0% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. 8.9% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 14.9% were of German, 12.6% English, 11.7% Irish, 8.8% Italian and 7.3% American ancestry according to Census 2000. 93.1% spoke English and 5.1% Spanish as their first language.

There were 12,759 households out of which 26.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.9% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.9% were non-families. 23.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.81.

In the county the population was spread out with 20.6% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 26.2% from 25 to 44, 28.3% from 45 to 64, and 18.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 122.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 123.4 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $42,280, and the median income for a family was $51,226. Males had a median income of $39,697 versus $28,850 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,412. About 6.1% of families and 9.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.1% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over.

Politics

Voter registration statistics

Population and registered voters
Total population[12]	38,244
Registered voters[26][note 3]	21,453	56.1%
Democratic[26]	6,790	31.7%
Republican[26]	9,663	45.0%
Democratic–Republican spread[26]	-2,873	-13.3%
Independent[26]	894	4.2%
Green[26]	114	0.5%
Libertarian[26]	185	0.9%
Peace and Freedom[26]	46	0.2%
Americans Elect[26]	0	0.0%
Other[26]	78	0.4%
No party preference[26]	3,683	17.2%

Cities by population and voter registration

Cities by population and voter registration
City	Population[12]	Registered voters[26] [note 3]	Democratic[26]	Republican[26]	D–R spread[26]	Other[26]	No party preference[26]
Amador	158	83.5%	34.1%	41.7%	-7.6%	9.8%	18.2%
Ione	7,873	29.0%	27.3%	49.4%	-22.1%	11.4%	16.8%
Jackson	4,626	55.7%	32.3%	42.6%	-10.3%	11.2%	18.4%
Plymouth	1,055	49.4%	30.9%	38.8%	-7.9%	13.2%	22.5%
Sutter Creek	2,497	68.4%	35.9%	41.9%	-6.0%	9.6%	16.7%

Overview

Presidential election results

Year	GOP	DEM	Others
2012	58.2% 8,903	39.2% 6,001	2.6% 399
2008	56.3% 10,561	41.7% 7,813	2.0% 395
2004	62.1% 11,107	36.6% 6,541	1.3% 243
2000	56.7% 8,766	38.2% 5,906	5.1% 792
1996	47.5% 6,870	40.6% 5,868	11.9% 1,714
1992	35.5% 5,477	34.3% 5,286	30.3% 4,671
1988	55.9% 6,893	42.1% 5,197	2.0% 148
1984	61.5% 6,986	36.9% 4,188	1.7% 189
1980	55.9% 5,401	33.0% 3,191	11.1% 1,078
1976	46.1% 3,699	50.4% 4,037	3.5% 282
1972	53.4% 3,533	40.9% 2,705	5.7% 378
1968	42.1% 2,269	45.3% 2,440	12.6% 681
1964	33.0% 1,682	66.9% 3,410	0.1% 6
1960	44.5% 2,175	55.0% 2,690	0.5% 22

Election results from statewide races
Year	Office	Results
2010	Governor	Whitman 52.4 - 41.6%
	Lieutenant Governor	Maldonado 52.1 - 33.4%
	Secretary of State	Dunn 50.5 - 38.5%
	Controller	Chiang 50.4 - 40.2%
	Treasurer	Walters 48.3 - 42.9%
	Attorney General	Cooley 59.1 - 27.8%
	Insurance Commissioner	Villines 50.6 - 35.1%
2006	Governor	Schwarzenegger 72.1 - 22.5%
	Lieutenant Governor	McClintock 56.8 - 38.3%
	Secretary of State	McPherson 62.0 - 31.2%
	Controller	Strickland 52.4 - 40.2%
	Treasurer	Parrish 49.0 - 42.5%
	Attorney General	Poochigian 52.7 - 42.0%
	Insurance Commissioner	Poizner 62.9 - 25.4%

Amador is a strongly Republican county in Presidential and congressional elections. The last Democrat to win a majority in the county was Jimmy Carter in 1976.

Amador County is in California's 4th congressional district, represented by Republican Tom McClintock.^[27] In the State Assembly, the county is in the 5th Assembly District, represented by Republican Frank Bigelow.^[28] In the California State Senate, the county is in the 8th Senate District, represented by Republican Tom Berryhill.^[29]

Crime

The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.

Population and crime rates
Population[12]	38,244
Violent crime[30]	107	2.80
Homicide[30]	1	0.03
Forcible rape[30]	10	0.26
Robbery[30]	10	0.26
Aggravated assault[30]	86	2.25
Property crime[30]	537	14.04
Burglary[30]	337	8.81
Larceny-theft[30][note 4]	459	12.00
Motor vehicle theft[30]	60	1.57
Arson[30]	2	0.05

Cities by population and crime rates

Cities by population and crime rates
City	Population[31]	Violent crimes[31]	Violent crime rate per 1,000 persons	Property crimes[31]	Property crime rate per 1,000 persons
Ione	7,977	10	1.25	109	13.66
Jackson	4,677	38	8.12	136	29.08
Sutter Creek	2,513	7	2.79	62	24.67

Transportation

Major highways

• State Route 16
• State Route 26
• State Route 49
• State Route 88
• State Route 104
• State Route 124

Public transportation

Amador Regional Transit System (ARTS) provides service in Jackson and nearby communities. Connections to Calaveras County and Sacramento are additionally provided.

Airport

Amador County Airport is a general aviation airport located near Jackson.

Attractions

Amador County is home of the California Gold Rush, and many century-old gold-mining sites in the county are now popular tourist destinations, as are other attractions such as:

• Campgrounds areas with gold-panning activities
• Historic sites: Chew Kee Store in Fiddletown, Kennedy Mine in Jackson, Knight Foundry in Sutter Creek, Roaring Camp Mining Company
• Jackson Main Street – antique shops
• Jackson Rancheria – casino and hotel built in 1986 by Larry Graham Construction
• Lakes for boating and fishing
• Mace Meadows Golf Course in Pioneer
• Mokelumne River – fishing, gold panning, whitewater kayaking, swimming, picnics, water play
• Old Mill Shopping Center in Martell
• Outdoor Activities – camping, fishing, picnicking, ATV riding, backpacking, hiking, lake kayaking, horseback riding, whitewater kayaking, birding, snowshoeing, cross-country skiing, rock climbing, etc.
• Sutter Creek Main Street – antique shops, Sutter Creek Theater
• Underground caves with tours (Black Chasm in Volcano)
• Volcano Theater Company and the Cobblestone Theater and the St. George Hotel in Volcano
• Wineries with wine-tasting activities
• Winter Ski Resorts – for skiers, snowboarders, etc.

Communities

Cities

• Amador City
• Ione
• Jackson (county seat)
• Plymouth
• Sutter Creek

Census-designated places

• Buckhorn
• Buena Vista
• Camanche North Shore
• Camanche Village
• Drytown
• Fiddletown
• Kirkwood
• Martell
• Pine Grove
• Pioneer
• Red Corral
• River Pines
• Volcano

Unincorporated communities

• Allen
• Barton
• Bonnefoy
• Bunker Hill
• Carbondale
• Clarsona
• Clinton
• Dagon
• Edwin
• Electra
• Enterprise
• Firebrick
• Kit Carson
• New Chicago
• Pine Acres
• Plasse
• River Pines
• Roaring Camp
• Scottsville
• Sunnybrook
• Sutter Hill

See also

• List of school districts in Amador County, California
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Amador County, California
• Amador High School

Notes

1. Other = Some other race + Two or more races
2. Native American = Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander + American Indian or Alaska Native
3. Percentage of registered voters with respect to total population. Percentages of party members with respect to registered voters follow.
4. Only larceny-theft cases involving property over $400 in value are reported as property crimes.

References

1. "Amador County". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
2. "Thunder Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
3. "American Fact Finder - Results". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 3, 2016.
4. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 3, 2016.
5. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
6. , Judicial Council of California. Retrieved August 2, 2009.
7. Whittle, Syd (September 8, 2008). "1854 · Amador County · 1954". The Historical Marker Database. J. J. Prats. Retrieved May 14, 2012. (historical marker placed by Board of Supervisors and Amador County Historical Society, 1954)
8. William Bright; Erwin Gustav Gudde (November 30, 1998). 1500 California place names: their origin and meaning. University of California Press. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-520-21271-8. Retrieved January 20, 2012.
9. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved September 24, 2015.
10. Costa, Eric J (January 1, 1994). Old vines: A history of winegrowing in Amador County. Jackson, CA: Cenotto Publications. pp. v,46. ISBN 0-938121-08-1. Retrieved April 14, 2014.
11. "Golden Oldies / There's more than just fruit in old-vine Zinfandel - its earthy flavors are history in a bottle - SFGate". SFgate.com. Hearst Communications Inc. July 28, 2005. Retrieved December 14, 2010.
12. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B02001. American FactFinder. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
13. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B03003. American FactFinder. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
14. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19301. American FactFinder. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
15. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19013. American FactFinder. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
16. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19113. American FactFinder. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
17. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. American FactFinder. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
18. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B01003. American FactFinder. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
19. Data unavailable
20. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 24, 2015.
21. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved September 24, 2015.
22. Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 24, 2015.
23. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Retrieved September 24, 2015.
24. "2010 Census P.L. 94-171 Summary File Data". United States Census Bureau.
25. "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
26. California Secretary of State. February 10, 2013 - Report of Registration. Retrieved October 31, 2013.
27. "California's 4th Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC. Retrieved March 1, 2013.
28. "Members Assembly". State of California. Retrieved March 18, 2013.
29. "Communities of Interest - Counties". California Citizens Redistricting Commission. Retrieved September 24, 2014.
30. Office of the Attorney General, Department of Justice, State of California. Table 11: Crimes – 2009. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
31. United States Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation. Crime in the United States, 2012, Table 8 (California). Retrieved November 14, 2013.

External links

• Official website

Coordinates: 38°26′N 120°40′W / 38.44°N 120.66°W