Amadou Cissé

Amadou Boubacar Cissé (born 1948^[1]) is a Nigerien politician. He served as the Prime Minister of Niger on two occasions, from 8 to 21 February 1995 and again from 21 December 1996 to 27 November 1997. He has led a political party, the Union for Democracy and the Republic (UDR-Tabbat), since 1999, and he was appointed as Minister of State for Planning in 2011.

Political career

Cissé, a member of the Fula ethnic group,^[2] was born in Niamey. He began working for the World Bank in 1982, initially in Niger, but beginning in 1983 he was based in Washington, DC in the United States. At the World Bank he was in charge of its central African operations, dealing with structural adjustment programs and assistance.^[1]

Following the January 1995 parliamentary election, which was won by an alliance of the National Movement for the Development of Society (MNSD) and the Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism (PNDS), the parliamentary majority was composed of opponents of President Mahamane Ousmane. Rather than submit three names to Ousmane, from which he would choose the Prime Minister, the majority put forward Hama Amadou as its only candidate. Rejecting this, Ousmane chose Cissé as Prime Minister. Like Amadou, Cissé was a member of the MNSD, but his appointment was completely rejected by the parliamentary majority, and the MNSD promptly expelled him from the party for taking the position. After two weeks, Ousmane appointed Hama Amadou as Prime Minister, replacing Cissé,^[3] who had lost a censure motion on February 20, with 43 deputies supporting the motion and 40 opposing it. Opponents of the motion said that it was unconstitutional because Cissé had not yet formed a government.^[4]

Following a coup against Ousmane in January 1996, led by Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara, Cissé was named Minister of State for the Economy, Finances and Planning in August 1996.^[5] On December 21, 1996 he was named Prime Minister again.^[6] He was named vice-chairman of the ruling party, the Rally for Democracy and Progress (RDP), on August 20, 1997, at the party's national congress.^[7][8] On November 24, 1997 his government was dismissed by Maïnassara, who appointed Ibrahim Hassane Mayaki to replace Cissé as Prime Minister.^[9]

Following Maïnassara's assassination in April 1999, Cissé announced his intention to run in the October 1999 presidential election, and for this he was expelled from the RDP under party president Hamid Algabid on July 18, 1999. Physical fighting broke out at the RDP headquarters between supporters and opponents of Cissé, leading to intervention by the police.^[10] His faction of the RDP nominated him as its presidential candidate on August 1, and he was the first announced candidacy in the election,^[11] but the other faction of the party backed the candidacy of Algabid,^[12][13] and it was left to the Court of State to judge which of the two could run as the RDP candidate.^[13] The Court accepted Algabid's candidacy and rejected Cissé's candidacy on September 3. On September 12, Cissé created a new party, the Union for Democracy and the Republic (UDR), as a split from the RDP.^[14]

Events since 2009

Boubacar Cissé was prominent in the opposition to Mamadou Tandja's short lived 6th Republic of 2009–2010, being named chief of delegation by the multiparty CFDR opposition front during the ECOWAS brokered crisis talks with the government. His UDR-Tabbat was expected to compete in the 2011 presidential and parliamentary elections.^[15]

After Mahamadou Issoufou won the January–March 2011 presidential election and took office as President on 7 April 2011, Cissé was appointed to the government as Minister of State for Planning, Regional Development, and Community Development on 21 April 2011.^[16][17][18]

References

1. "Amadou Cissé nommé Premier ministre le 21 décembre 1996", Afrique Express, December 21, 1996 (French).
2. In Fula: Fulɓe; in French: Peul or Peulh
3. Jibrin Ibrahim and Abdoulaye Niandou Souley, "The rise to power of an opposition party: the MNSD in Niger Republic", Politeia, volume 15, number 3, Unisa Press, 1996.
4. "Le premier ministre nigérien Amadou Cissé, nommé le 7 février dernier en dépit de l’hostil", L'Humanite, 21 February 1995 (French).
5. "Le gouvernement du Niger, formé le 23 août 1996" at the Wayback Machine (archived March 2, 2005), Afrique Express (French).
6. "Un nouveau gouvernement a été mis", L'Humanite, December 23, 1996 (French).
7. "NIGER - New party leader for RDP", IRIN-WA Weekly Roundup 10-97 of Main Events in West Africa covering period 19–25 August 1997.
8. "Niger: Party congress ends; leaders elected", Voix du Sahel, Niamey, August 21, 1997.
9. Nancy Ellen Lawler, Niger: Year in Review 1997, Britannica.com.
10. "Niger: Party expels former premier for saying he wants to run for presidency", Radio France Internationale, July 19, 1999.
11. "NIGER: Former prime minister to run for president", IRIN-WA Update 520 for 2–3 August 1999.
12. "NIGER: New constitution promulgated", IRIN-WA Update 525 of events in West Africa, 10 August 1999.
13. "NIGER: Eight register for November presidential poll", IRIN, August 30, 1999.
14. "Rapport de la Mission d’Observation des Élections Présidentielles et Législatives des 17 octobre et 24 novembre 1999", democratie.francophonie.org (French).
15. M. Modi, "Présidentielles 2011: L’alternative Amadou Boubacar Cissé fait son bout de chemin", Le Courrier N° 105, 20 May 2010 (French).
16. "Le Chef de l'Etat signe un décret portant composition des membres du premier gouvernement de la 7ème République", Le Sahel, 23 April 2011 (French).
17. "Niger unveils new government", AFP, 21 April 2011.
18. "Niger : un nouveau gouvernement aux couleurs du PNDS", Jeune Afrique, 21 April 2011 (French).