Arts and culture of Washington, D.C.

The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts on the Potomac River

Culture is quite varied in Washington, District of Columbia; there are different cultural places, one of the more significant places is the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, where artists perform different shows every day; another important institution in the District of Columbia (D.C.) is the Smithsonian Institution, which works with more than 10 public museums in the city. The District of Columbia Public Library has 12 public library branches in and around the district.

Arts

Mural of Duke Ellington on U Street

Washington, D.C., is a national center for the arts.

Music

Washington has its own native music genre called go-go; a post-funk, percussion-driven flavor of rhythm and blues that was popularized in the late 1970s by D.C. band leader Chuck Brown.[1]

The Marine Barracks near Capitol Hill houses the United States Marine Band; founded in 1798, it is the country's oldest professional musical organization.[2] American march composer and Washington-native John Philip Sousa led the Marine Band from 1880 until 1892.[3] Founded in 1925, the United States Navy Band has its headquarters at the Washington Navy Yard and performs at official events and public concerts around the city.[4]

Every summer two weeks around 4 July is held in Washington Mall Smithsonian Folklife Festival.[5]

Theater

Washington has a strong local theater tradition. Founded in 1950, Arena Stage achieved national attention and spurred growth in the city's independent theater movement that now includes organizations such as the Shakespeare Theatre Company, Woolly Mammoth Theatre Company, and the Studio Theatre.[6] Arena Stage opened its newly renovated home in the city's emerging Southwest waterfront area in 2010.[7] The GALA Hispanic Theatre, now housed in the historic Tivoli Theatre in Columbia Heights, was founded in 1976 and is a National Center for the Latino Performing Arts.[8]

The historic Ford's Theatre, site of the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln, continues to operate as a functioning performance space as well as museum.[9]

Food

Dining in Washington D.C. is also very varied, including American, African, Burmese, Ethiopian, Moroccan, Italian, Mexican, Salvadoran, Jamaican, Vietnamese, Lebanese, Thai, Chinese, Indian, and fusion restaurants, as well as many national and regional chains.

John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts

The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts is the busiest performing arts facility in the United States and hosts approximately 2,000 performances every year, is home to the National Symphony Orchestra, the Washington National Opera, and the Washington Ballet.

The Kennedy Center Honors are awarded every first weekend of December every year to those in the performing arts who have contributed greatly to the cultural life of the United States.[10]

Historic sites and museums

The Lincoln Memorial had over six million visitors in 2012.[11]

Washington, D.C., has hundreds of historical places that tourist and local cititzens can visit, more than 30 museums, 20 theaters, 20 libraries, art galleries and monuments.

Museums

There are many private art museums in the District of Columbia, which house major collections and exhibits open to the public such as the National Museum of Women in the Arts; the Corcoran Gallery of Art, the largest private museum in Washington;[12] and The Phillips Collection in Dupont Circle, the first museum of modern art in the United States.[13] Other private museums in Washington include the Newseum, the O Street Museum Foundation, the International Spy Museum, the National Geographic Society Museum, and the Marian Koshland Science Museum. The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum near the National Mall maintains exhibits, documentation, and artifacts related to the Holocaust.[14]

Smithsonian Institution

The Smithsonian Institution operates 19 museums and the National Zoo, all free to the public.

The Smithsonian Institution is an educational foundation chartered by Congress in 1846 that maintains most of the nation's official museums and galleries in Washington, D.C. The U.S. government partially funds the Smithsonian and its collections open to the public free of charge.[15] The Smithsonian's locations had a combined total of 30 million visits in 2013. The most visited museum is the National Museum of Natural History on the National Mall.[16] Other Smithsonian Institution museums and galleries on the mall are: the National Air and Space Museum; the National Museum of African Art; the National Museum of American History; the National Museum of the American Indian; the Sackler and Freer galleries, which both focus on Asian art and culture; the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden; the Arts and Industries Building; the S. Dillon Ripley Center; and the Smithsonian Institution Building (also known as "The Castle"), which serves as the institution's headquarters.[17]

The Smithsonian American Art Museum and the National Portrait Gallery are housed in the Old Patent Office Building, near Washington's Chinatown.[18] The Renwick Gallery is officially part of the Smithsonian American Art Museum but is in a separate building near the White House. Other Smithsonian museums and galleries include: the Anacostia Community Museum in Southeast Washington; the National Postal Museum near Union Station; and the National Zoo in Woodley Park.[17]

National Mall

The National Mall is a large, open park in downtown Washington between the Lincoln Memorial and the United States Capitol. Given its prominence, the mall is often the location of political protests, concerts, festivals, and presidential inaugurations. The Washington Monument and the Jefferson Pier are near the center of the mall, south of the White House. Also on the mall are the National World War II Memorial at the east end of the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool, the Korean War Veterans Memorial, and the Vietnam Veterans Memorial.[19]

Tidal Basin

Directly south of the mall, the Tidal Basin features rows of Japanese cherry blossom trees that originated as gifts from the nation of Japan.[20] The Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial, George Mason Memorial, Jefferson Memorial, Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial, and the District of Columbia War Memorial are around the Tidal Basin.[19]

National Archives

The National Archives houses thousands of documents important to American history including the Declaration of Independence, the United States Constitution, and the Bill of Rights.[21] Located in three buildings on Capitol Hill, the Library of Congress is the largest library complex in the world with a collection of over 147 million books, manuscripts, and other materials.[22] The United States Supreme Court Building was completed in 1935; before then, the court held sessions in the Old Senate Chamber of the Capitol.[23]

National Gallery of Art

The National Gallery of Art is on the National Mall near the Capitol and features works of American and European art. The gallery and its collections are owned by the U.S. government but are not a part of the Smithsonian Institution.[24] The National Building Museum, which occupies the former Pension Building near Judiciary Square, was chartered by Congress and hosts exhibits on architecture, urban planning, and design.[25]

U Street

The U Street Corridor in Northwest D.C., known as "Washington's Black Broadway", is home to institutions like the Howard Theatre, Bohemian Caverns, and the Lincoln Theatre, which hosted music legends such as Washington-native Duke Ellington, John Coltrane, and Miles Davis.[26]

The District is an important center for indie culture and music in the United States. The label Dischord Records, formed by Ian MacKaye, was one of the most crucial independent labels in the genesis of 1980s punk and eventually indie rock in the 1990s.[27] Modern alternative and indie music venues like The Black Cat and the 9:30 Club bring popular acts to the U Street area.[28]

Libraries

The District of Columbia Public Library system includes more than 25 public libraries around the district.

Recreation

D.C. has different playgrounds, playing fields and courts around the district that are available throughout every city in the district. Many of the parks are public and some belong to homeowners or other private associations.

Sports

The Verizon Center in Chinatown

Washington is one of 12 cities in the United States with teams from all four major professional men's sports and is home to one major professional women's team. The Washington Wizards (National Basketball Association), the Washington Capitals (National Hockey League), and the Washington Mystics (Women's National Basketball Association), play at the Verizon Center in Chinatown. Nationals Park, which opened in Southeast D.C. in 2008, is home to the Washington Nationals (Major League Baseball). D.C. United (Major League Soccer) plays at RFK Stadium. The Washington Redskins (National Football League) play at nearby FedExField in Landover, Maryland.

Current D.C. teams have won a combined ten professional league championships: the Washington Redskins has won five;[29] D.C. United has won four (the most in MLS history);[30] and the Washington Wizards (then the Washington Bullets) has won a single championship.[31]

Other professional and semi-professional teams in Washington include: the Washington Kastles (World TeamTennis); the Washington D.C. Slayers (American National Rugby League); the Baltimore Washington Eagles (U.S. Australian Football League); the D.C. Divas (Independent Women's Football League); and the Potomac Athletic Club RFC (Rugby Super League). The William H.G. FitzGerald Tennis Center in Rock Creek Park hosts the Citi Open. Washington is also home to two major annual marathon races: the Marine Corps Marathon, which is held every autumn, and the Rock 'n' Roll USA Marathon held in the spring. The Marine Corps Marathon began in 1976 and is sometimes called "The People's Marathon" because it is the largest marathon that does not offer prize money to participants.[32]

The District's four NCAA Division I teams have a broad following. The Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team is the most notable and also plays at the Verizon Center. From 2008 to 2012, the District hosted an annual college football bowl game at RFK Stadium, called the Military Bowl.[33] The D.C. area is home to one regional sports television network, Comcast SportsNet (CSN), based in Bethesda, Maryland.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Wartofsky, Alona (June 3, 2001). "What Go-Goes Around ...". The Washington Post. p. G01.
  2. ↑ "Who We Are". United States Marine Band. Retrieved July 23, 2011.
  3. ↑ Davison, Marjorie Risk (1969). "History of Music in the District of Columbia". Records of the Columbia Historical Society. 66–68: 183. Retrieved August 9, 2011.
  4. ↑ "History". United States Navy Band. Retrieved July 23, 2011.
  5. ↑ http://dc.about.com/od/specialevents/a/FolklifeFest.htm
  6. ↑ Wilmeth, Don B.; C. W. E. Bigsby (2000). The Cambridge history of American theatre. Cambridge University Press. p. 232. ISBN 978-0-521-66959-7.
  7. ↑ Kravitz, Derek (September 26, 2010). "The emerging Southwest: Transformation underway". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 2, 2001.
  8. ↑ "Gala Theatre History". GALA Hispanic Theatre. Retrieved April 2, 2001.
  9. ↑ Rothstein, Edward (February 6, 2009). "Where a Comedy Turned to Tragedy". The New York Times. Retrieved April 2, 2011.
  10. ↑ "About the Kennedy Center Honors". The Kennedy Center. Retrieved June 29, 2008.
  11. ↑ "Vandals splatter Lincoln Memorial with green paint". CNN. 26 July 2013. Retrieved 14 April 2015.
  12. ↑ Trescott, Jacqueline (January 4, 2011). "Corcoran hires consultant to help re-imagine museum, art school". The Washington Post. Retrieved August 23, 2011.
  13. ↑ "About The Phillips Collection". The Phillips Collection. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
  14. ↑ "Frequently Asked Questions". U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum. January 14, 2008. Retrieved May 27, 2008.
  15. ↑ "About the Smithsonian". Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved May 27, 2008.
  16. ↑ "Visitor Statistics". Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved February 20, 2014.
  17. 1 2 "Museum and Program Fact Sheets". Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved August 13, 2011.
  18. ↑ Goodheart, Adam (2006). "Back To The Future". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved September 9, 2012.
  19. 1 2 "National Mall & Memorial Parks: History & Culture". National Park Service. September 28, 2006. Retrieved February 18, 2012.
  20. ↑ "History of the Cherry Trees". National Park Service. Retrieved August 19, 2011.
  21. ↑ "Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom". The National Archives. Retrieved June 28, 2008.
  22. ↑ "General Information". Library of Congress. February 1, 2011. Retrieved July 9, 2011.
  23. ↑ "The Court Building". Supreme Court of the United States. Retrieved August 19, 2011.
  24. ↑ "About the National Gallery of Art". National Gallery of Art. Retrieved April 28, 2013.
  25. ↑ "About the National Building Museum". National Building Museum. Retrieved November 6, 2010.
  26. ↑ Levin, Dan (September 10, 2006). "Lights Return to 'Black Broadway' in Northwest Washington, D.C.". The New York Times. Retrieved June 20, 2008.
  27. ↑ Constantinou, Costas M. (2008). Cultures and politics of global communication. Cambridge University Press. p. 203. ISBN 9780521727112.
  28. ↑ "Black Cat: A changing club with a changing scene in a changing city". The Georgetown Voice. September 9, 2001. Retrieved June 10, 2008.
  29. ↑ "History by Decades". Washington Redskins. Retrieved May 29, 2011.
  30. ↑ "D.C. United History & Tradition". D.C. United. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
  31. ↑ "NBA Finals: All-Time Champions". National Basketball Association. 2008. Retrieved June 29, 2008.
  32. ↑ "MCM History". Marine Corps Marathon. Retrieved May 18, 2011.
  33. ↑ "Emergence of the Bowl" (PDF). D.C. Bowl Committee. Retrieved May 18, 2011.
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