Ballottement

Ballottement is a medical sign which indicates increased fluid in the suprapatellar pouch over the patella at the knee joint. To test ballottement the examiner would apply downward pressure towards the foot with one hand, while pushing the patella backwards against the femur with one finger of the opposite hand. A "milking" motion is used with the downward pressure. If a bogginess around the joint occurs, then the test is positive for ballottement.

Ballottement may also refer to an assessment of an ascitic abdomen. Identifying an organ or a mass in an ascitic abdomen: "Try to ballotte the organ or mass, exemplified here by an enlarged liver. Straighten and stiffen the fingers of one hand together, place them on the abdominal surface, and make a brief jabbing movement directly toward the anticipated structure. This quick movement often displaces the fluid so that your fingertips can briefly touch the surface of the structure through the abdominal wall." ^[1]

References

↑ Bickley, Lynn S. (2003). Bates' Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking. Philadelphia: Lippincott. p. 347. ISBN 978-0-7817-3511-7.

Jones, Betty Davis: Comprehensive Medical Terminology (Third Edition) Thomson Delmar Learning, New York, 2008.

Orthopedic surgery, operations/surgeries and other procedures on bones and joints (ICD-9-CM V3 76–81, ICD-10-PCS 0P–S)

Bones

Facial	Jaw reduction Dentofacial osteotomy Genioplasty/Mentoplasty Chin augmentation Orthognathic surgery

Spine	Coccygectomy Laminotomy Laminectomy Laminoplasty Corpectomy Facetectomy Foraminotomy Vertebral fixation Percutaneous vertebroplasty

Upper extremity	Acromioplasty

Lower extremity	Femoral head ostectomy Astragalectomy Distraction osteogenesis Ilizarov apparatus

General	Ostectomy Bone grafting Osteotomy Epiphysiodesis Reduction Internal fixation External fixation Tension band wiring

Cartilage

Joints

Spine	Arthrodesis Spinal fusion Intervertebral discs Discectomy Annuloplasty Arthroplasty

Upper extremity	Shoulder surgery Shoulder replacement Bankart repair Weaver–Dunn procedure Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction Hand surgery Brunelli procedure

Lower extremity	Hip resurfacing Hip replacement Rotationplasty Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction Knee replacement/Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty Ankle replacement Broström procedure Triple arthrodesis

General	Arthrotomy Arthroplasty Synovectomy Arthroscopy Replacement joint imaging: Arthrogram Arthrocentesis

Orthopedic examination

General

Lower Limb

Hip examination	Galeazzi test Allis test Barlow maneuver Ober's test Ortolani test Patrick's test Thomas test Trendelenburg's sign

Knee examination	Apley grind test Ballottement Clarke's test Drawer test Lachman test McMurray test Patella tap Pivot-shift test Wilson test Valgus stress test

Foot & Ankle	Hubscher's maneuver Mulder's sign Simmonds' test Thompson test

Upper Limb

Shoulder examination	Apprehension test Jobe's test Gerber's test Hawkins–Kennedy test Neer impingement sign O'Brien's test Speed's test Yergason's test

Elbow examination	Cozen's test Elbow extension test

Wrist & Hand	Durkan's test Finkelstein's test Froment's sign Lunotriquetral shear test Phalen maneuver Tinel sign Watson's test

Spine

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