Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture
| Bayingolin Prefecture 巴音郭楞州 • بايىنغولىن ئوبلاستى • ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠵᠧᠦ | |
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| Autonomous prefectures | |
| Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture 巴音郭楞蒙古自治州 بايىنغولىن موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠧᠦ | |
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Bayanbulak grassland in Hejing County. | |
 Bayingolin Mongol prefecture (red) in Xinjiang (orange) | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Region | Xinjiang |
| Time zone | China Standard (UTC+8) |
| Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture | |||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||
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| Chinese | 巴音郭楞蒙古自治州 | ||||||||
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| Shorter name | |||||||||
| Chinese | 巴音郭楞州 | ||||||||
| Literal meaning | Bayingolin Prefecture | ||||||||
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| Shortest name | |||||||||
| Chinese | 巴州 | ||||||||
| Literal meaning | Bā Prefecture | ||||||||
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| Mongolian name | |||||||||
| Mongolian script | ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠧᠦ | ||||||||
| Uyghur name | |||||||||
| Uyghur |
بايىنغولىن موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى | ||||||||
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| Bayingolin | |||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||
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| Chinese | 巴音郭楞 | ||||||||
| Literal meaning | rich river (from Mongolian) | ||||||||
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| Mongolian name | |||||||||
| Mongolian script | ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠭᠣᠣᠯ | ||||||||
| Uyghur name | |||||||||
| Uyghur |
بايىنغولىن | ||||||||
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Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, often abbreviated to Bayingol (literally "rich river"),[1] is an autonomous prefecture of the People's Republic of China, bordering Gansu to the east, Qinghai to the southeast, and the Tibet Autonomous Region to the south. It is the largest prefecture-level division nationally, with an area of 462,700 km2 (178,600 sq mi), even larger than its neighbouring province of Gansu. The prefectural capital is Korla.
Demographics
According to the 2000 census, Bayingolin has 1,056,970 inhabitants (population density: 2.28 per km²).
Ethnic groups in Bayingolin
When Bayingolin was first established in 1954, it was an area with the Mongols comprising 35% of the prefecture's population.[2] However, in 1960, the Chinese government annexed to it a neighbouring Uyghur area, after which the prefecture occupied one-third of Xinjiang's, and the Uyghurs far out-numbered the Mongols.[3] Due to steady immigration, the Han Chinese population has also increased significantly. In 1947, there were reportedly only 1,682 Han Chinese in Xinjiang's Eighth District (roughly corresponding to today's Bayingolin in area), and that increased to over 660,000 in 2004.[3][4]
In 2000, the ethnic balance was as follows:
| Ethnic group | Population | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Han | 607,774 | 57.5% |
| Uyghur | 345,595 | 32.7% |
| Hui | 52,252 | 4.94% |
| Mongol | 43,544 | 4.12% |
| Other | 7,805 | 0.74% |
Subdivisions
Bayin'gholin directly controls 1 county-level city, 7 counties and 1 Hui autonomous county.
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| # | Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Mongolian | Population (2010 Census) | Area (km²) | Density (/km²) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Korla | 库尔勒市 | Kù'ěrlè Shì | كورلا شەھىرى | Korla Shehiri | ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ | 549,324 | 7,219 | 76.09 |
| 2 | Luntai [Bügür] County | 轮台县 | Lúntái Xiàn | بۈگۈر ناھىيىسى | Bügür Nahiyisi | 116,166 | 14,185 | 8.18 | |
| 3 | Yuli [Lopnur] County | 尉犁县 | Yùlí Xiàn | لوپنۇر ناھىيىسى | Lopnur Nahiyisi | 96,068 | 59,402 | 1.61 | |
| 4 | Ruoqiang [Qarkilik] County | 若羌县 | Ruòqiāng Xiàn | چاقىلىق ناھىيىسى | Chaqiliq Nahiyisi | 35,580 | 199,222 | 0.17 | |
| 5 | Qiemo [Qarqan] County | 且末县 | Qiěmò Xiàn | چەرچەن ناھىيىسى | Cherchen Nahiyisi | 65,572 | 138,680 | 0.47 | |
| 6 | Hejing County | 和静县 | Héjìng Xiàn | خېجىڭ ناھىيىسى | Xéjing Nahiyisi | 160,804 | 34,984 | 4.59 | |
| 7 | Hoxud County | 和硕县 | Héshuò Xiàn | خوشۇت ناھىيىسى | Xoshut Nahiyisi | 72,556 | 12,754 | 5.68 | |
| 8 | Bohu [Bagrax] County | 博湖县 | Bóhú Xiàn | باغراش ناھىيىسى | Baghrash Nahiyisi | 54,788 | 3,597 | 15.23 | |
| 9 | Yanqi Hui Autonomous County | 焉耆回族自治县 | Yānqí Huízú Zìzhìxiàn | يەنجى خۇيزۇ ئاپتونوم ناھىيىسى | Yenji Xuyzu Aptonom Nahiyisi | 127,628 | 2,429 | 52.54 | |
See also
References
- ↑ The official spelling is "Bayingolin" according to Zhōngguó Dìmínglù (simplified Chinese) (Beijing, SinoMaps Press 中国地图出版社 1997); ISBN 7-5031-1718-4; p. 300.
- ↑ Atwood, Christopher (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. Facts on File. p. 39.
- 1 2 Gardner Bovingdon (2010). "Chapter 2 - Heteronomy and Its Discontents". The Uyghurs - strangers in their own land. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-14758-3.
- ↑ Bovingdon, Gardner (2010). "Note 9 (Chapter 2)". The Uyghurs - strangers in their own land. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-14758-3.
External links
- Government website of Bayin'gholin (in Simplified Chinese)
- Government website of Bayin'gholin (in Mongolian)
- Government website of Bayin'gholin (in Uyghur)
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Coordinates: 39°20′N 87°37′E / 39.33°N 87.61°E