Cyclura carinata bartschi

Cyclura carinata bartschi
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Iguania
Family: Iguanidae
Genus: Cyclura
Species: C. carinata
Subspecies: C. c. bartschi
Trinomial name
Cyclura carinata bartschi
Cochran, 1931

Cyclura carinata bartschi, commonly known as Bartsch's iguana or the Booby Cay iguana, is a lizard of the genus Cyclura endemic to a single cay, Booby Cay, in The Bahamas .[1]

Taxonomy

Of the species Turks and Caicos rock iguana, Cyclura carinata, it has some minor different morphological characteristics. Bartsch's iguana, Cyclura carinata bartschi, was first described by American herpetologist Doris M. Cochran in 1931.[2]

The generic name, Cyclura, is derived from the Ancient Greek cyclos (κύκλος) meaning "circular" and ourá (οὐρά) meaning "tail", after the thick-ringed tail characteristic of all Cyclura.[3] Its specific name, carinata, means "keeled" and refers to the animal's scalation. Its subspecific name, bartschi, was given in honor of Silesian-American zoologist Paul Bartsch.[4]

Further phylogenic study of mtDNA haplotypes by scientists at Utah Valley State College in 2007, determined that this animal should not be considered a valid subspecies merely upon population isolation and slight morphological differences, but rather that it is genetically, very similar to the other Turks and Caicos Iguanas (aka Cyclura carinata carinata) and that subspecies status should be revoked to include this population in conservation and intra-species breeding.[5] Morphological and genetic data indicate that the closest living relative of C. carinata is C. ricordi of Hispaniola.[6]

Anatomy and morphology

Measuring less than 770 mm (30 in) in total length (tail included) when full grown, Bartsch's iguana, like its parent species, the Turks and Caicos rock iguana, is one of the smaller species of Cyclura.[7] Bartsch's iguana is greenish to brownish-gray, with a yellow dorsal crest, faint yellow-brown reticulations on the bodies of the adults, and a golden iris.[8]

Like other members of the genus Cyclura, males of this species have larger femoral pores on their thighs, which are used to release pheromones. Females have smaller pores, making the animals sexually dimorphic.[9]

Habitat and distribution

Bartsch's iguana is found only on Booby Cay in the Bahamas.[10] It is estimated that 1,000 of these iguanas live on this small cay and their population appears to be stable, despite the small number.[8][10] It is rumored that this subspecies once lived on the larger island of Mayaguana and was referred to as the Mayaguana iguana.[2][7]

Diet

Like all Cyclura species, Bartsch's iguana is primarily herbivorous, consuming leaves, flowers, and fruits from different plant species.[8] This diet is very rarely supplemented with insects, mollusks, crustaceans, arachnids, lizards, and carrion.[11]

Conservation

The Bahamas National Trust has proposed to the Bahamas Government that Booby Cay, which also is a significant area for nesting seabirds, be protected under the national parks system.[8] A program to remove feral goats from the cay has also been initiated.[8][10] It has been noted that "Australian pine" trees (Casuarina equisetifolia) introduced by man to the cay may pose a problem as the needles are inedible and their tall size prevents native plants, which the iguanas rely on for food, from growing.[10]

In 1998 a colony of these iguanas was established on Mayaguana. This population appears to be stable despite the presence of feral goats on the island.[12]

References

  1. ↑ Schwartz A, Thomas R. 1975. A Check-list of West Indian Amphibians and Reptiles. Special Publication No. 1. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Carnegie Museum of Natural History. 216 pp. (Cyclura carinata bartschi, p. 111).
  2. 1 2 "Cyclura carinata bartschi Cochran, 1931", Integrated Taxonomic Information System, 2001, retrieved 2007-10-05
  3. ↑ Sanchez, Alejandro, "Family Iguanidae: Iguanas and Their Kin", Father Sanchez's Web Site of West Indian Natural History Diapsids I: Introduction; Lizards (Kingsnake.com), retrieved November 26, 2007
  4. ↑ Beolens B, Watkins M, Grayson M. 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Cyclura carinata bartschi, p. 18).
  5. ↑ Bryan, Jason J.; Gerber, Glenn P.; Welch, Mark E.; Stephen, Catherine L. (2007), "re-evaluating the Taxonomic Status of the Booby Cay Iguana, Cyclura carinata bartschi", Copeia 2007 (3): 734–739, doi:10.1643/0045-8511(2007)2007[734:rttsot]2.0.co;2
  6. ↑ Alberts, Allison (2007), "Turks & Caicos Iguana, Cyclura carinata carinata Conservation & Management Plan 2005–2009" (PDF), Iguana Specialist Group, retrieved 2007-10-22
  7. 1 2 Buckner, Sandra; Blair, David (2001), "Bartsch's iguana", Iguana Specialist Group, retrieved 2007-10-05
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 Gerber, G., & West Indian Iguana Specialists Group (2000). "Cyclura carinata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2.3. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 9 September 2007.
  9. ↑ De Vosjoli, Phillipe; David Blair (1992), The Green Iguana Manual, Escondido, California: Advanced Vivarium Systems, ISBN 1-882770-18-8
  10. 1 2 3 4 Bendon, John (1998), "It takes two to tango on Booby Cay", IguanaTimes (International Iguana Society) 3 (7), pp. 37–42
  11. ↑ Gerber, Glenn; Iverson, John (2005), "Turks and Caicos Iguana", World Conservation Union Iguana Specialist Group (IUCN-ISG), retrieved 2007-10-05
  12. ↑ Wasilewski, Joe; Conners, Steve; Bendon, Jon (2004), "Taxon Updates:Booby Cay Report", Iguana Journal of the International Iguana Society 11 (3): 26

Further reading

External links

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