Bristol Type 143

Type 143
Role	Light transport
Manufacturer	Bristol Aeroplane Company
Designer	Frank Barnwell
First flight	1936
Number built	1

The Bristol Type 143 was a British twin-engine monoplane aircraft designed by Frank Barnwell of the Bristol Aeroplane Company.

Developed alongside the more famous Bristol Type 142, which was developed into the Blenheim, using the same wing design and employing the same the advanced (for the day) design features such as stressed skin, flaps, and retractable undercarriage, the engine it was designed to use never entered production and only a single prototype was manufactured,

Design and development

Like the better-known Type 142 the Type 143 arose from the unbuilt Bristol Type 135 proposal for a civil twin-engine light transport aircraft. This was a low-wing twin-engined monoplane, seating six people and a crew of two first sketched out by Frank Barnwell, with the intention of using the smaller of the two engines then being developed by Roy Fedden, the Aquila I. Although the manufacture of a second Aquila was authorised, nothing was done about the construction of an actual airframe.^[1] Meanwhile in early 1934 Lord Rothermere announced his intention to have 'the fastest civil aircraft in Europe' built for him.^[1] Barnwell proposed an aircraft based on the type 135 but using the more powerful Mercury engine in place of the Aquila, and this was accepted by Rothermere, the aircraft being ordered on 26 March 1934 and first flying on 12 April 1935.^[2]

The Type 143 was very similar to the Type 135 design, although the cabin was enlarged to seat eight and some detail changes were made to optimise the use of common components with the Type 142: over 70% of components were shared.^[3] The prototype 143 was accordingly built alongside the Type 142, receiving the civil registration G-ADEK on 22 March 1935 but had to wait until the end of the year before the engines had completed trials. It was first flown on 20 Jan 1936 without registration but bearing the mark R 14.^[4] Further flying continued at Filton, mainly as a test-bed for the Aquila. It was put into store when Aquila development was abandoned in 1938 and subsequently scrapped.^[5]

Specifications (Type 143)

Data from Bristol Aircraft since 1910 ^[6]

General characteristics

• Crew: 2
• Capacity: 8 passengers
• Length: 43 ft 2 in (13.16 m)
• Wingspan: 56 ft 4 in (17.17 m)
• Height: 12 ft 3 in (3.73 m)
• Wing area: 469 ft² (43.6 m²)
• Empty weight: 7,000 lb (3,200 kg)
• Max. takeoff weight: 11,000 lb (5,000 kg)
• Powerplant: 2 × Bristol Aquila I 9-cylinder single-row radial engine, 500 hp (373 kW) each

Performance

• Maximum speed: 250 mph (217 kn, 403 km/h)
• Range: 1,250 mi (1,087 nmi, 2,013 km)

See also

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

• Airspeed Envoy
• Lockheed Model 10 Electra

References

1. Barnes 1964, p. 257.
2. Barnes 1964, pp. 257–258.
3. Barnes 1964, p. 258.
4. Barnes 1964, pp. 259–260.
5. Barnes 1964, pp. 260–261.
6. Barnes 1964, p.261.

• Barnes, C.H. (1964). Bristol Aircraft Since 1910 (First ed.). London: Putnam.
• Bowyer, C. (1984). Bristol Blenheim. Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-1351-9.
• Warner, G. (2005). The Bristol Blenheim: A Complete History. Crécy Publishing. ISBN 0-85979-101-7.

External links

• Type 143
• Type 142