Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress

Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress

Incumbent
Zhang Dejiang
since March 14, 2013
Appointer Vote within the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
Term length five years, renewable
once consecutively
Inaugural holder Liu Shaoqi
Formation September 27, 1954
Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
Traditional Chinese 全國人民代表大會常務委員會委員長
Simplified Chinese 全国人民代表大会常务委员会委员长
Commonly abbreviated as
Traditional Chinese 全國人大常委會委員長
Simplified Chinese 全国人大常委会委员长

The Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress is the presiding officer of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China, which is considered China's top legislative body. The current Chairman is Zhang Dejiang.

From 1998 to 2013, the position has been ranked second in China's political hierarchy since Li Peng was barred from seeking a third term as Premier in 1998. In the political order of precedence, the Chair ranks below the CPC General Secretary and President. From 2013 onwards, the Chair, Zhang Dejiang, has ranked below the Premier, Li Keqiang. The ranking of this position is not necessarily reflective of its actual power, which varies depending on the officeholder.

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Powers

The position holds reserve constitutional powers under the 1978 revision of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China. As stipulated in Article 84 of the Constitution, should both the President and Vice-President become incapacitated, and the National People's Congress is unable to elect a timely replacement, the Chairman of the NPC will act as President.[1]

From 1975 to 1983, the NPC chairman was China's head of state, as the post of President (Chairman) was left vacant.

Theoretically, during the Tiananmen Square Protests of 1989, the NPC Chair at the time, Wan Li, had the power to call an emergency session of the NPC to resolve the issue constitutionally. However, Wan's freedom of movement was restricted, and ultimately was powerless in the situation.

Chairpersons of the NPC Standing Committee

      Head of State (under the 1975 Constitution & 1978 Constitution)

Generations of leadership

      First Administration       Second Administration       Third Administration       Hu–Wen Administration       Xi–Li Administration

Multiple terms in office, consecutive or otherwise, are listed and counted in the first column counts individuals and the second column (term number).

№ Chairman/Chairwoman Term Took office Left office
1 Liu Shaoqi
刘少奇		 1 September 15, 1954 April 28, 1959
2 Zhu De
朱德		 2 April 28, 1959 January 4, 1965
3 January 4, 1965 January 17, 1975
4 January 17, 1975 July 6, 1976
— Song Qingling
宋庆龄		 July 6, 1976
(acting)		 March 5, 1978
3 Ye Jianying
叶剑英		 5 March 5, 1978 June 18, 1983
4 Peng Zhen
彭真		 6 June 18, 1983 April 13, 1988
5 Wan Li
万里		 7 April 13, 1988 March 27, 1993
6 Qiao Shi
乔石		 8 March 27, 1993 March 15, 1998
7 Li Peng
李鹏		 9 March 15, 1998 March 15, 2003
8 Wu Bangguo
吴邦国		 10 March 15, 2003 March 15, 2008
11 March 15, 2008 March 14, 2013
9 Zhang Dejiang
张德江		 12 March 14, 2013 Incumbent

References

See also

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